A randomised controlled trial assessing the effects of feeding high water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) oaten hay vs low WSC oaten hay on equine peripheral dental caries

IntroductionIn recent years, due to various factors, the rate of infertility in China has increased and now affects over 10% of women of reproductive age. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a common diagnostic procedure during fertility examinations. However, there is no consensus on the choice of contrast agents and their effects. As the largest multicentre, randomised controlled trial (H2Oil trial from the Netherlands) has shown that oil-soluble contrast at HSG can enhance fertility compared with water-soluble contrast, we propose this study to examine whether the use of oil-soluble contrast media results in increased rates of pregnancy in Chinese women undergoing HSG.Methods and analysisThis study is a single-centre, randomised, controlled, parallel-group, superiority trial. Patients with low risk of tubal disease will be randomised to undergo HSG using iodinated oil injection (OSCM group, oil-soluble contrast media) or ioversol injection (WSCM group, water-soluble contrast media). To evaluate the potential superiority of the OSCM group, with 1:1 allocation ratio, 90% statistical power and a two-sided significance level of 5%, we have calculated a sample of 520 women per group to be enrolled, for a total of 1040 including 10% loss to follow-up or protocol variation. The primary outcome is the rate of ongoing pregnancy during 6 months after randomisation. The secondary outcomes will consist of thyroid function of patients and newborns, pain scores during HSG, rate of live birth, clinical pregnancies, miscarriages, ectopic pregnancy, time to ongoing pregnancy, time to live birth, cost calculations of the OSCM group/WSCM group, and assisted reproductive technology treatments between the two groups.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol received authorisation from the Medical Research Ethics Committee of International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital on 18 January 2020 (approval no GKLW2020-02). The findings will be reported in peer-reviewed publications and presentations at international scientific meetings.Trial registration numberChiCTR2000031612.

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Effects of upland pastures sown with two contrasting Lolium perenne varieties on the performance of beef steers when compared to steers grazing permanent pastures

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200011054 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2005 ◽

pp. 194-194

Author(s):

C. L. Marley ◽

D. A. Davies ◽

J. E. Vale ◽

J. G. Evans ◽

N. D. Scollan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Lolium Perenne ◽

White Clover ◽

High Water ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Production Performance ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Beef Steers ◽

Water Soluble Carbohydrate

Grazing experiments have shown that using a ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) variety bred by conventional techniques for high water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations can improve liveweight gain in pre-weaned lambs (Lee et al., 2001) and increase milk yields and reduce N excretion in dairy cows (Miller et al., 2001) compared to conventional ryegrass. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of using reseeded upland pastures, sown with either a ryegrass variety bred for elevated levels of WSC or a control ryegrass on the production performance of grazing steers when compared to steers grazing permanent ryegrass/white clover pastures.

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Growth and carbon partitioning in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cultivars selected for high water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859602002095 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 138 (4) ◽

pp. 375-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

K. F. SMITH ◽

R. A. CULVENOR ◽

M. O. HUMPHREYS ◽

R. J. SIMPSON

Keyword(s):

Lolium Perenne ◽

Perennial Ryegrass ◽

High Water ◽

Carbon Partitioning ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Root Mass ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Water Soluble Carbohydrate

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars with increased water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations were evaluated under controlled environment conditions. The growth and carbon partitioning of these cultivars was compared with standard cultivars during vegetative growth. The high WSC cultivars had shoot growth rates that were not significantly different from the standard cultivars, confirming that the extra WSC in these cultivars was not made available through reductions in yield potential. The extra WSC stored in these cultivars coincided with lower concentrations of neutral detergent fibre in the dry matter. When the cultivars were grown in hydroponic solution the high WSC cultivars Aurora and Ba10727 were found to also have less root mass and a lower root[ratio ]shoot ratio than the standard cultivars. However, this trait was not consistent across all high WSC cultivars with Cariad having the same root[ratio ]shoot ratio as the standard cultivars at the end of the experiment. The reduction in the root mass of the cultivars Aurora and Ba10727 was far greater than necessary to provide the extra carbon stored as WSC in these cultivars. The implications of these results for the breeding of cultivars of perennial ryegrass with increased WSC concentrations are discussed.

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Brushing RemInder 4 Good oral HealTh (BRIGHT) trial: Does an SMS behaviour change programme with a classroom-based session improve the oral health of young people living in deprived areas? A study protocol of a randomised controlled trial

10.21203/rs.2.463/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Zoe Marshman ◽

Hannah Ainsworth ◽

Ivor Gordon Chestnutt ◽

Peter Day ◽

Donna Dey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Young People ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Deprived Areas

Abstract Background: Almost one-half of 12-15 year olds living in deprived areas of the UK have dental caries (tooth decay) with few oral health promotion programmes aimed at children of this age. Mobile phone based interventions such as Short Messaging Service (SMS) interventions have been found effective at changing certain behaviours and improving health outcomes. This protocol describes the BRIGHT Trial, investigating the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a behaviour change intervention; classroom-based session (CBS) embedded in the curriculum and a series of SMS delivered to participants twice daily to remind them to brush their teeth, compared to usual curriculum and no SMS for young people from deprived areas, on the incidence of dental caries. The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a complex intervention to improve the oral health of young people living in deprived areas. Methods/design: This is a school-based, assessor-blinded, two-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial with an internal pilot trial. Overall, the trial will involve approximately 5,040 11-13 year olds in 42 schools with a three year follow-up. The trial will take place in secondary schools in England, Scotland and Wales. The primary outcome is the presence of carious lesions in permanent teeth at three years. Secondary outcomes are: frequency of twice-daily toothbrushing, plaque levels, gingivitis, child health-related quality of life and oral health-related quality of life. A cost-utility analysis will be conducted. Discussion: The findings of the trial have implications for embedding oral health interventions into school curricula guidance produced by national bodies including departments for education, dental public health and guideline development organisations. Trial registration: ISRCTN12139369, date of initial registration 10/5/2017, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN12139369. Keywords: Dental caries, caries prevention, prevention, behaviour change, randomised controlled trial, child dental health, m-health, short messaging service

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Seasonal variation in the herbage yield and nutritive value of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars with high or normal herbage water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations grown in three contrasting Australian dairy environments

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea98064 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 38 (8) ◽

pp. 821 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

K. F. Smith ◽

R. J. Simpson ◽

R. N. Oram ◽

K. F. Lowe ◽

K. B. Kelly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perennial Ryegrass ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

High Water ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Acid Detergent Fibre ◽

Water Soluble Carbohydrate

Summary. Two lines of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), cv. Aurora and breeding line Ba 11351, from the United Kingdom with elevated concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates in the shoot were compared with the standard cultivars, Ellett, Vedette and Kangaroo Valley, in pure grass swards under irrigation at Kyabram, Victoria, and Gatton, Queensland, and under natural rainfall at Condah, Victoria, during 1995–97. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy was used to predict the water-soluble carbohydrate, crude protein, in vitro dry matter digestibility, neutral and acid detergent fibre, and Klason lignin concentrations of the perennial ryegrass herbage. Herbage yield and water-soluble carbohydrate differed between cultivars at each site at most harvests, with the high water-soluble carbohydrate lines usually yielding less and having higher water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations than the 3 standard cultivars. However, the high water-soluble carbohydrate lines also had higher water-soluble carbohydrate concentrations at harvests where their yield was equal to the standard cultivars. The other nutritive value traits differed significantly at more than half of the 32 harvests: the high water-soluble carbohydrate lines had higher crude protein and dry matter digestibility, and lower neutral detergent fibre, the neutral detergent fibre containing less acid detergent fibre and lignin than did the standard cultivars. The high water-soluble carbohydrate lines were more susceptible to crown rust during spring and summer than the standard cultivars at Kyabram and Gatton: heavy infections reduced yield, water-soluble carbohydrate, dry matter digestibility and crude protein. Higher water-soluble carbohydrate may depend on only a few genes, as does rust resistance and it seems likely that high yielding, high water-soluble carbohydrate cultivars can be developed by recombination and selection.

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