Effect of Positioning of the Region of Interest on Bone Density of the Hip

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Avery Feit ◽  
Natan Levin ◽  
Elizabeth A. McNamara ◽  
Partha Sinha ◽  
LaTarsha G. Whittaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Region Of Interest

OSTEOPOROSIS AND RISK FACTORS IN THE PATIENTS ON CHRONIC HEMODIALYSIS

2015 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Thi Dung Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Hemodialysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Density Reduction

Background: The patients on hemodialysis have a significantly decreased quality of life. One of many problems which reduce the quality of life and increase the mortality in these patients is osteoporosis and osteoporosis associated fractures. Objectives: To assess the bone density of those on hemodialysis by dual energy X ray absorptiometry and to examine the risk factors of bone density reduction in these patients. Patients and Method: This is a cross-sectional study, including 93 patients on chronic hemodialysis at the department of Hemodialysis at Cho Ray Hospital. Results: Mean bone densities at the region of interest (ROI) neck, trochanter, Ward triangle, intertrochanter and total neck are 0.603 ± 0.105; 0.583 ± 0.121; 0.811 ± 0.166; 0.489 ± 0.146; 0.723 ± 0.138 g/cm2 respectively. The prevalences of osteoporosis at those ROI are 39.8%, 15.1%; 28%; 38.7%; and 26.9% respectively. The prevalences of osteopenia at those ROI are 54.8%; 46.3%; 60.2%; 45.2% and 62.7% respectively. The prevalence of osteopososis in at least one ROI is 52.7% and the prevalence of osteopenia in at least one ROI is 47.3%. There are relations between the bone density at the neck and the gender of the patient and the albuminemia. Bone density at the trochanter is influenced by gender, albuminemia, calcemia and phosphoremia. Bone density at the intertrochanter is affected by the gender. Bone density at the Ward triangle is influenced by age and albuminemia. Total neck bone density is influenced by gender, albuminemia and phosphoremia. Conclusion: Osteoporosis in patients on chronic hemodialysis is an issue that requires our attention. There are many interventionable risk factors of bone density decrease in these patients. Key words: Osteoporosis, DEXA, chronic renal failure, chronic hemodialysis

scholarly journals Midpalatal Suture Density CBCT Evaluation, Sex Gender and Growth Pattern Related Variability in 392 Adolescents Treated With Rapid Maxillary Expander Appliance

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Macrì ◽  
Elena Toniato ◽  
Giovanna Murmura ◽  
Giuseppe Varvara ◽  
Felice Festa
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Similar Rate ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Midpalatal Suture ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Similar Density ◽  
Bone Deposition

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the changes in the mean bone density values of the midpalatal suture in 392 young patients treated with the Rapid Palatal Expander appliance according to sex, gender, vertical and sagittal skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods. The evaluations were performed using the low-dose protocol cone-beam computed tomography scans at t0 (preoperatively) and t1 (1 year after the beginning of the therapy). The region of interest was used to calculate bone density in Hounsfield units (HU) in the area between the maxillary incisors. Results. CBCT scan data of 196 females and 196 males (mean age of 11,7 years) showed homogeneous and similar density values of the MPS at T0 (547.59 HU - 565.85 HU) and T1 (542.31 - 554.20 HU). Class III skeletal individuals showed a significant higher BD than the II class group at T0, but not at T1. Females showed significantly higher BD than males at t0 and t1. No significant differences were found between the other groups and between two-time points in terms of bone density values of the MPS. Conclusions. Females and III class groups showed significantly higher bone density values than males and II class, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found from T0 to T1 in any groups, suggesting that a similar rate of suture reorganization occurs after the use of the RPE, following reorganization and bone deposition along with the MPS.

scholarly journals Decompressive effects of draining tube on suppurative and sclerosing osteomyelitis in the jaw

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Buyanbileg Sodnom-Ish ◽  
Mi Young Eo ◽  
Mi Hyun Seo ◽  
Jong Ho Lee ◽  
Soung Min Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Conditional Inference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Panoramic Analysis ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Abstract Background Osteomyelitis (OM) in the jaw is an inflammatory disease of osseous tissue that begins in the medullary space and progressively expands to the cortical portion of the bone, the Haversian system, the periosteum and the overlying soft tissue. Despite advances in dental and medical care, OM persists and is of important concern in modern medicine. Active negative pressure is known to prevent post-operative hematoma; decrease the number of bacterial pathogens, accumulation of toxins, and necrotic tissue; and promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis with the use of a draining tube such as the Jackson-Pratt (JP) or Hemovac. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of decompression for the treatment of OM in the jaw. Methods This retrospective study included a total of 130 patients, 55 patients with sclerosing OM and 75 patients with suppurative OM were included. The radiographic bone densities expressed as a grayscale values (GSVs), were measured using an easy digitalized panoramic analysis (EDPA) method, processed on the conditional inference tree, generated by the R program® 3.2.3 with a probability of 96.8%. Rectangle annotation analysis of INFINITT PACS® (INFINITT Healthcare, Seoul, Korea) of 50 mm2 was determined as the region of interest (ROI). Student’s t-test and ANOVA were used to determine significance (p < 0.05). Results Significant changes was observed between radiographic bone density in the sclerosing type with drain and without drain at the six-month and one-year follow-up (p < 0.05). Significant difference was demonstrated between the suppurative OM with drain and without drain groups at the one-year follow-up (p < 0.05). Conclusion The OM groups with drain exhibited more enhanced bone density compared to the groups without drain at the six-month and one-year follow-ups. The drain insertion for decompression is effective for the management of sclerosing and suppurative OM. It is recommended to implement it for the management of OM.

The Ability of Ultrasonic Backscatter Parametric Imaging to Characterize Bovine Trabecular Bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 271-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Boyi Li ◽  
Yifang Li ◽  
Chengcheng Liu ◽  
Feng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Bone Microstructure ◽  
Parametric Imaging ◽  
Trabecular Bone Microstructure ◽  
Step Interval ◽  
Trabecular Bone Mass ◽  
Centroid Shift ◽  
Ultrasonic Backscatter

The ultrasonic backscatter technique holds the promise of characterizing bone density and microstructure. This paper conducts ultrasonic backscatter parametric imaging based on measurements of apparent integrated backscatter (AIB), spectral centroid shift (SCS), frequency slope of apparent backscatter (FSAB), and frequency intercept of apparent backscatter (FIAB) for representing trabecular bone mass and microstructure. We scanned 33 bovine trabecular bone samples using a 7.5 MHz focused transducer in a 20 mm × 20 mm region of interest (ROI) with a step interval of 0.05 mm. Images based on the ultrasonic backscatter parameters (i.e., AIB, SCS, FSAB, and FIAB) were constructed to compare with photographic images of the specimens as well as two-dimensional (2D) μ-CT images from approximately the same depth and location of the specimen. Similar structures and trabecular alignments can be observed among these images. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the means and standard deviations of the ultrasonic backscatter parameters exhibited significant correlations with bone density (|R| = 0.45-0.78, p < 0.01) and bone microstructure (|R| = 0.44-0.87, p < 0.001). Some bovine trabecular bone microstructure parameters were independently associated with the ultrasonic backscatter parameters (Δ R2 = 4.18%-44.45%, p < 0.05) after adjustment for bone apparent density (BAD). The results show that ultrasonic backscatter parametric imaging can provide a direct view of the trabecular microstructure and can reflect information about the density and microstructure of trabecular bone.

Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometric Densitometry in Osteoarthritis of the Hip

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Preidler ◽  
L. S. White ◽  
J. Tashkin ◽  
C. O. McDaniel ◽  
J. Brossmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Greater Trochanter ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of buttressing on bone densitometry measurements in the femoral neck, in Ward's triangle, and in the greater trochanter. In addition, we attempted to establish the length of the femoral axis (FAL) and the true length of the femoral neck (FNL) as potential correlates with osteoarthritis (OA) or with buttressing. Material and Methods: Our study comprised 101 hips in 68 adult patients. Conventional radiographs of the hip joints were obtained in order to assess the presence and extent of OA by means of the 6-step grading system introduced in 1990 by Croft et al., and in order to measure the cortical thickness at the medial aspect of the femoral neck. In addition, FAL and FNL were measured. All patients underwent dual energy x-ray absorptiometry so that bone density could be assessed in the femoral neck, in Ward's triangle, and in the greater trochanter. The Spearman rank correlation was used to compare the measurements. Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant positive correlation between cortical thickness and bone density in the femoral neck and in Ward's triangle. No correlation was found between cortical thickness and bone density in the greater trochanter, nor between cortical thickness and OA, FNL, and FAL, nor between OA and bone density, FNL, and FAL. Conclusion: Buttressing influenced our bone density measurements in the femoral neck and in Ward's triangle. It did not affect the region of the greater trochanter which may therefore be the best region of interest for a long-term follow-up of bone density in patients with OA.

scholarly journals Korelasi usia kronologis dengan densitas tulang mandibula pada radiograf panoramik pada pasien perempuan usia 5-35 tahunCorellation between chronological age with mandibular bone density on panoramic radiographs of female patients aged 5-35 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Lailatul Rahmi ◽  
Belly Sam ◽  
Farina Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Trabecular Bone Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Female Patients

Pendahuluan: Tingkat perkembangan dan maturasi seorang pasien tidak dapat diketahui secara pasti dari usia kronologis, dikarenakan adanya variasi waktu percepatan pertumbuhan pubertas pada setiap individu, maka perlu ditentukan usia biologisnya. Usia biologis ini dapat ditentukan dari usia tulang berupa kualitas tulang yang dapat dilihat dari ukuran densitas tulang. Radiograf panoramik dapat menilai kualitas kepadatan (densitas) tulang secara makrostruktur dan mikrostruktur. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perempuan karena perempuan cenderung kehilangan densitas mineral tulang lebih cepat daripada laki-laki. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis korelasi usia kronologis dengan densitas tulang pada radiograf panoramik pada pasien perempuan. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional, dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi. Populasi penelitian menggunakan data primer dari seluruh radiograf panoramik pasien perempuan usia 5-35 tahun pada bulan Desember 2016-Januari 2017 di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (RSGM) Universitas Padjadjaran dengan jumlah sampel 64 orang. Analisis densitas tulang trabekula mandibula dilakukan dengan menggunakan software ImageJ dengan Region of Interest (ROI) 4x4mm pada tepi distal foramen mentale mandibula. Hasil: Rerata ukuran densitas tulang trabekula pada kelompok usia 5-11 tahun 17,54%, kelompok usia 12-16 tahun 21,06%, kelompok usia 18-25 tahun 24,01%, dan kelompok usia 26-35 tahun 25,96% dengan hasil korelasi Pearson r = 0,827, dan nilai p=0,0001. Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi antara usia kronologis dengan nilai densitas tulang trabekula pada radiograf panoramik pasien perempuan, yaitu semakin bertambahnya usia kronologis maka nilai densitas tulang juga akan semakin meningkat sesuai dengan rentang usia penelitian 5-35 tahun.Kata kunci: Usia kronologis, densitas tulang, radiograf panoramik, software imageJ. ABSTRACTIntroduction: The level of development and maturation of a patient can not be known with certainty from chronological age, due to variations in the time of pubertal growth spurt in each individual, it is necessary to determine the biological age. This biological age can be determined from bone age in bone quality, which can be seen from the bone density measurement. Panoramic radiographs can assess the quality of bone density macrostructure and microstructure. This study used a female sample because female tend to lose bone mineral density faster than male. This study was aimed to analyse the correlation between chronological age and bone density on female patients’ panoramic radiographs. Methods: This research was cross-sectional with correlation analysis. The study population used was the primary data from all panoramic radiographs of female patients aged 5-35 years in December 2016-January 2017 at Universitas Padjadjaran Dental Hospital (RSGM Unpad) with a total sample of 64 people. Mandibular trabecular bone density analysis was performed using ImageJ software with a 4x4mm Region of Interest (ROI) on the mandibular mental foramen’s distal edge. Results: The mean size of trabecular bone density in the 5-11 years age group was 17.54%, the 12-16 years age group was 21.06%, the 18-25 year age group was 24.01%, and the 26-35 years age group was 25.96%; with the results of Pearson correlation r=0.827, and the p-value = 0.0001. Conclusion: There is a correlation between chronological age and the value of trabecular bone density on the panoramic radiograph of female patients, that is, the increasing of chronological age will also increase the value of bone density, according to the age range of the study (5-35 years).Keywords: Chronological age, bone density, panoramic radiographs, image-J software.

A technique for protecting delicate specimens during processing

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 982-983
Author(s):  
R.J. Mount ◽  
R.V. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Basilar Membrane ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Sensory Epithelium ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Specimen Handling ◽  
Two Component

The sensory end organ of the ear, the organ of Corti, rests on a thin basilar membrane which lies between the bone of the central modiolus and the bony wall of the cochlea. In vivo, the organ of Corti is protected by the bony wall which totally surrounds it. In order to examine the sensory epithelium by scanning electron microscopy it is necessary to dissect away the protective bone and expose the region of interest (Fig. 1). This leaves the fragile organ of Corti susceptible to physical damage during subsequent handling. In our laboratory cochlear specimens, after dissection, are routinely prepared by the O-T- O-T-O technique, critical point dried and then lightly sputter coated with gold. This processing involves considerable specimen handling including several hours on a rotator during which the organ of Corti is at risk of being physically damaged. The following procedure uses low cost, readily available materials to hold the specimen during processing ,preventing physical damage while allowing an unhindered exchange of fluids.Following fixation, the cochlea is dehydrated to 70% ethanol then dissected under ethanol to prevent air drying. The holder is prepared by punching a hole in the flexible snap cap of a Wheaton vial with a paper hole punch. A small amount of two component epoxy putty is well mixed then pushed through the hole in the cap. The putty on the inner cap is formed into a “cup” to hold the specimen (Fig. 2), the putty on the outside is smoothed into a “button” to give good attachment even when the cap is flexed during handling (Fig. 3). The cap is submerged in the 70% ethanol, the bone at the base of the cochlea is seated into the cup and the sides of the cup squeezed with forceps to grip it (Fig.4). Several types of epoxy putty have been tried, most are either soluble in ethanol to some degree or do not set in ethanol. The only putty we find successful is “DUROtm MASTERMENDtm Epoxy Extra Strength Ribbon” (Loctite Corp., Cleveland, Ohio), this is a blue and yellow ribbon which is kneaded to form a green putty, it is available at many hardware stores.

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