scholarly journals Persistent Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Supine Sleep Positioning among US Preterm Infants, 2000-2015

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunah S. Hwang ◽  
Suhong Tong ◽  
Ruben A. Smith ◽  
Wanda D. Barfield ◽  
Laura Pyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Supine Sleep ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Sleep Positioning

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Disparities Among Extremely Preterm Infants in the United States From 2002 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e206757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colm P. Travers ◽  
Waldemar A. Carlo ◽  
Scott A. McDonald ◽  
Abhik Das ◽  
Namasivayam Ambalavanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Supine Sleep Positioning, EMLA for Lumbar Puncture, and Home Gavage for Preterm Infants

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
Gail McCain
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Column Editor ◽  
Research Publication ◽  
Neonatal Nursing ◽  
Supine Sleep ◽  
Sleep Positioning ◽  
E Mail

This column highlights selected research abstracts from published studies and systematic reviews about neonatal care. The original abstracts, from peer-reviewed journals, are followed with a commentary by the column editor. The goal of this column is to inform the readers of Neonatal Network:® The Journal of Neonatal Nursing about the most up-to-date research evidence for use in neonatal nursing practice. If you would like to see a particular research publication, research review, or research-based guideline in this column, please advise the column editor (E-mail: gmccain.com).

Study finds racial/ethnic disparities in depressive trajectories among middle-aged or older adults

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Liang ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
A. R. Quinones ◽  
J. M. Bennett ◽  
W. Ye
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Racial Ethnic

1489-P: Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Deaths Due to Diabetes, Diabetes Ketoacidosis, and Diabetic Coma among Those Aged 1-44 Years: 1999-2017, United States

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1489-P
Author(s):  
SHARON SHAYDAH ◽  
GIUSEPPINA IMPERATORE ◽  
CARLA MERCADO ◽  
KAI M. BULLARD ◽  
STEPHEN R. BENOIT
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Diabetic Coma ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Association Between Out-Of-Pocket Costs, Race/Ethnicity, and Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy Adherence Among Medicare Patients With Breast Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert J. Farias ◽  
Xianglin L. Du
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Medication Possession Ratio ◽  
Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Medication Costs ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Purpose Previous studies suggest that adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) for patients with breast cancer is suboptimal, especially among minorities, and is associated with out-of-pocket medication costs. This study aimed to determine whether there are racial/ethnic differences in 1-year adherence to AET and whether out-of-pocket costs explain the racial/ethnic disparities in adherence. Methods This retrospective cohort study used the SEER-Medicare linked database to identify patients ≥ 65 years of age with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer who were enrolled in Medicare Part D from 2007 to 2009. The cohort included non-Hispanic whites, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians. Out-of-pocket costs for AET medications were standardized for a 30-day supply. Adherence to tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors (AIs), and overall AET (tamoxifen or AIs) was assessed using the medication possession ratio (≥ 80%) during the 12-month period. Results Of 8,688 patients, 3,197 (36.8%) were nonadherent to AET. Out-of-pocket costs for AET medication were associated with lower adjusted odds of adherence for all four cost categories compared with the lowest category of ≤ $2.65 ( P < .01). In the univariable analysis, Hispanics had higher odds of adherence to any AET at initiation (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.57), and blacks had higher odds of adherence to AIs at initiation (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.54) compared with non-Hispanic whites. After adjusting for copayments, poverty status, and comorbidities, the association was no longer significant for Hispanics (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.17) or blacks (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.19). Blacks had significantly lower adjusted odds of adherence than non-Hispanic whites when they initiated AET therapy with tamoxifen (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.93) after adjusting for socioeconomic, clinic, and prognostic factors. Conclusion Racial/ethnic disparities in AET adherence were largely explained by women's differences in socioeconomic status and out-of-pocket medication costs.

scholarly journals Geographic Regional Variation in Patterns of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Late-Life Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
Chirag Vyas ◽  
Charles Reynolds ◽  
David Mischoulon ◽  
Grace Chang ◽  
Olivia Okereke
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Late Life Depression ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract There is evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in late-life depression (LLD) burden and treatment in the US. Geographic region may be a novel social determinant; yet, limited data exist regarding the interplay of geographic region with racial/ethnic differences in LLD severity, item-level symptom burden and treatment. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 25,503 men aged 50+ years and women aged 55+ years in VITAL-DEP (VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL-Depression Endpoint Prevention), an ancillary study to the VITAL trial. Racial/ethnic groups included Non-Hispanic White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, and other groups (Native American/Alaskan Native and other/multiple/unspecified-race/ethnicity). We assessed depression status using: the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8); self-reported clinician/physician diagnosis of depression; medication and/or counseling treatment for depression. In the full sample, Midwest region was significantly associated with 12% lower severity of LLD, compared to Northeast region (rate ratio (RR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.88 (0.83-0.93)). However, racial/ethnic differences in LLD varied by region. For example, in the Midwest, Blacks and Hispanics had significantly higher depression severity compared to non-Hispanic Whites (RR (95% CI): for Black, 1.16 (1.02-1.31); for Hispanic, 2.03 (1.38-3.00)). Furthermore, in multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, minority vs. non-Hispanic White adults had 2- to 3-fold significantly higher odds of several item-level symptoms across all regions, especially in the Midwest and Southwest. Finally, among those endorsing PHQ-8≥10, Blacks had 60-80% significantly lower odds of depression treatment, compared to non-Hispanic Whites, in all regions. In summary, we observed significant geographic variation in patterns of racial/ethnic disparities in LLD outcomes. This requires further longitudinal investigation.

scholarly journals Physical Activity as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Race or Ethnicity and Changes in Multimorbidity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 342-342
Author(s):  
Jason Newsom ◽  
Emily Denning ◽  
Ana Quinones ◽  
Miriam Elman ◽  
Anda Botoseneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Racial/ethnic disparities in multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) and their rate of accumulation over time have been established. Studies report differences in physical activity across racial/ethnic groups. We investigated whether racial/ethnic differences in accumulation of multimorbidity over a 10-year period (2004-2014) were mediated by physical activity using data from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 10,724, mean age = 63.5 years). Structural equation modeling was used to estimate a latent growth curve model of changes in the number of self-reported chronic conditions (of nine) and investigate whether the relationship of race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White) to change in the number of chronic conditions was mediated by physical activity after controlling for age, sex, education, marital status, personal wealth, and insurance coverage. Results indicated that Blacks engaged in significantly lower levels of physical activity than Whites (b = -.171, □ = -.153, p &lt; .001), but there were no differences between Hispanics and Whites (b = -.010, □ = -.008, ns). Physical activity also significantly predicted both lower initial levels of multimorbidity (b = -1.437, □ = -.420, p &lt; .001) and greater decline in multimorbidity (b = -.039, □ = -.075, p &lt; .001). The indirect (mediational) effect for the Black vs. White comparison was significant (b = .007, □ = .011, 95% CI [.004,.010]). These results provide important new information for understanding how modifiable lifestyle factors may help explain disparities in multimorbidity in middle and later life, suggesting greater need to reduce sedentary behavior and increase activity.

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