The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20): A measure of general psychological distress

ABSTRAK Alexithymia ditandai dengan ketidakmampuan dalam mengenali dan mengekpresikan emosi serta pemikiran yang berorientasi eksternal sehingga mereka memiliki hubungan interpersonal yang buruk. Remaja dengan alexithymia cenderung menjadi kecanduan media sosial.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Alexithymia terhadap kecanduan media sosial pada remaja di Jakarta Selatan. Subjek penelitian adalah remaja yang berusia 13-19 tahun dan tinggal di Jakarta selatan. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode consecutive sampling dan snowball sampling dengan menyebar kuesioner menggunakan link googleform. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 207 orang (41 = laki-laki, 166 = perempuan). Skala yang digunakan adalah Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) dan Social Media Disorder (SMD). Analisa data menggunakan metode chi-square pada SPSS 25. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 85 orang mengalami alexithymia, 88 mengalami kecanduan dan 62 orang mengalami alexithymia dan kecanduan media sosial. p-value didapatkan 0,000. Hal ini berarti terdapat hubungan antara Alexithymia dengan Kecanduan Media Sosial pada remaja di Jakarta Selatan. Kata Kunci :Alexithymia, Kecanduan Media Sosial, Remaja ABSTRACT Alexithymia is characterized by an inability to recognize and express emotions and have external oriented thoughts so that they have poor interpersonal relationships. Teenagers with alexithymial tend to become addicted to social media. This study aims to determine the relationship between Alexithymia towards social media addiction in adolescents in South Jakarta. The research subjects were adolescents aged 13-19 years and lived in south Jakarta. Retrieval of the data was using consecutive sampling and snowball sampling method by distributing questionnaires using the googleform link. The number of research subjects was 207 people (41 = men, 166 = women). The scale was used is the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Social Media Disorder (SMD). Data analysis using the chi-square method in SPSS 25. The results showed that 85 people had alexithymia, 88 were addicted and 62 people had alexithymia and were addicted to social media. p-value obtained is 0,000. This means that there is a relationship between Alexithymia and Social Media Addiction in adolescents in South Jakarta. Keyword : Adolescents, Alexithymia, Social Media Addiction

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A confirmatory factor analysis of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) in an alcohol-dependent sample

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2009.09.015 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 178 (3) ◽

pp. 565-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Fred Arne Thorberg ◽

Ross McD Young ◽

Karen A. Sullivan ◽

Michael Lyvers ◽

Cameron Hurst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽

Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

Dependent Sample ◽

Tas 20 ◽

Alcohol Dependent

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Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale amongst Indian Adults

10.31234/osf.io/8vwxh ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Manoj Kumar Sharma ◽

David John Hallford ◽

Nitin Anand

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Factor Model ◽

Community Sample ◽

Mental Health Research ◽

Emotional States ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽

Stress Scale ◽

Confirmatory Factor ◽

General Psychological Distress

Background: The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS) is a widely used measure of negative emotional states. While the DASS is increasingly used in mental health research in India, to date no study has examined the factor structure among Indian adults. Methods: A large community sample of English-speaking Indian adults completed the DASS 21-item version, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. Results: The results indicated a good fit for a three factor (depression, anxiety, and stress) and a one-factor model (general psychological distress). There was no substantial difference between the fit of the models, and the DASS subscales were very strongly correlated with one another (r ≥ .80). Conclusion: The findings from this sample suggest that the DASS-21 items appear to assess general psychological distress, with little evidence that the items assess three distinct subscales.

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Factorial Validity of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) in Clinical Samples: A Critical Examination of the Literature and a Psychometric Study in Anorexia Nervosa

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings ◽

10.1007/s10880-018-9562-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 33-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sandra Torres ◽

Marina P. Guerra ◽

Kylee Miller ◽

Patrício Costa ◽

Inês Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Critical Examination ◽

Factorial Validity ◽

Psychometric Study ◽

Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽

Tas 20

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Psychometric Evaluation of the Swedish Version of the Prolonged Grief Disorder-13 (PG-13) in a Bereaved Mixed Trauma Sample

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2020.541789 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Josefin Sveen ◽

Kristina Bondjers ◽

Julia Heinsoo ◽

Filip K. Arnberg

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Factor Model ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Latent Structure ◽

Prolonged Grief ◽

General Psychological Distress ◽

Disability Level ◽

Three Factor

Background: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Swedish PG-13 in a bereaved trauma exposed sample. A second aim was to examine the latent structure of prolonged grief using the PG-13.Methods: The participants were adults (n = 123) taking part in an ongoing longitudinal study regarding the effects of potentially traumatic events. Participants had experienced a potentially traumatic event in the past 5 years and had reported a death of a significant other either as their primary traumatic event or in addition to another traumatic event. Assessment included self-report of prolonged grief, posttraumatic stress, and general psychological distress. Clinical interviews were used to assess depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and disability level. The psychometric properties of the Swedish PG-13 were examined through reliability tests and assessment of associations with symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, general psychological distress, and disability level. Principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were used to assess the latent structure.Results: The internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.86) and test-retest (r = 0.86) reliability were good. PCA suggested a three-factor model as descriptive of the latent structure of the instrument. Therefore, the CFA used this model, as well as two models suggested in the literature. The three-factor model had the best fit to data. Support of concurrent validity of PG-13 was shown by moderate positive associations with measures of posttraumatic stress, depression, and general psychological distress.Conclusions: The Swedish PG-13 demonstrated good psychometric properties, and its use in research and practice to assess prolonged grief was supported. The factor analyses provided stronger support for models with two or three factors, as compared with a unidimensional model of prolonged grief, with the three-factor model having the best fit.

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Distress in spouses of service members with symptoms of combat-related PTSD: Secondary traumatic stress or general psychological distress?

Journal of Family Psychology ◽

10.1037/a0023994 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 461-469 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Keith D. Renshaw ◽

Elizabeth S. Allen ◽

Galena K. Rhoades ◽

Rebecca K. Blais ◽

Howard J. Markman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Traumatic Stress ◽

Secondary Traumatic Stress ◽

Service Members ◽

General Psychological Distress

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Alexithymia and Attachment Style

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.105.1.347-350 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 105 (1) ◽

pp. 347-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marina Farinelli ◽

Mauro Ercolani ◽

Giancarlo Trombini ◽

Mauro Bortolotti

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Attachment Style ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Relational Context ◽

Toronto Alexithymia Scale ◽

Self Evaluation ◽

Attachment Style Questionnaire ◽

Tas 20

Alexithymia and its relation with attachment style were evaluated in a group of 69 patients (men, M age = 46.4 yr., SD =12.6; women, M age = 44.2 yr., SD = 14.4) affected by Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Two self-evaluation questionnaires were used for psychological evaluation, the 20 item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ). The TAS-20 analysis showed that the clinical sample taken as a whole did not score in the alexithymic range. The inverse correlations between the Confidence ASQ subscale and the Difficulty Communicating Feelings TAS-20 subscale showed that communication of emotions could develop more easily within the framework of a relational context characterized by safety and confidence. In this group of patients this was represented by the referent caregiver.

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Development of the RMT20, a composite screener to identify common mental disorders

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2020.37 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Philip J. Batterham ◽

Matthew Sunderland ◽

Natacha Carragher ◽

Alison L. Calear

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Large Scale ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Epidemiological Surveys ◽

General Psychological Distress

Background There are few very brief measures that accurately identify multiple common mental disorders. Aims The aim of this study was to develop and assess the psychometric properties of a new composite measure to screen for five common mental disorders. Method Two cross-sectional psychometric surveys were used to develop (n = 3175) and validate (n = 3620) the new measure, the Rapid Measurement Toolkit-20 (RMT20) against diagnostic criteria. The RMT20 was tested against a DSM-5 clinical checklist for major depression, generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder, with comparison with two measures of general psychological distress: the Kessler-10 and Distress Questionnaire-5. Results The area under the curve for the RMT20 was significantly greater than for the distress measures, ranging from 0.86 to 0.92 across the five disorders. Sensitivity and specificity at prescribed cut-points were excellent, with sensitivity ranging from 0.85 to 0.93 and specificity ranging from 0.73 to 0.83 across the five disorders. Conclusions The RMT20 outperformed two established scales assessing general psychological distress, is free to use and has low respondent burden. The measure is well-suited to clinical screening, internet-based screening and large-scale epidemiological surveys.

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