Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and long-term cardiovascular risk in young people: A review and discussion of methodology in prospective studies

Few studies have attempted to describe patterns of sedentary behavior among children and examine how these relate to patterns of physical activity. A group of 2,494 youth aged 11–15 years from the USA and UK completed a physical activity checklist. Low intercorrelations between sedentary behaviors suggest youth sedentariness is multifaceted and cannot be represented accurately by any one behavior such as TV viewing. Cluster analysis identified three groups of young people, differentiated by the level and type of sedentary behavior and physical activity. Physical activity and sedentary behavior are not two sides of the same coin. Further study should examine the health-related outcomes associated with sedentary behavior and the modifiable determinants of these behaviors among young people.

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Social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic can increase physical inactivity and the global burden of cardiovascular disease

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00268.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 318 (6) ◽

pp. H1441-H1446 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Tiago Peçanha ◽

Karla Fabiana Goessler ◽

Hamilton Roschel ◽

Bruno Gualano

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Global Burden ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Home Based ◽

Physical Activity Levels

Emerging data indicate a substantial decrease in global physical activity levels during the period of social isolation adopted worldwide to contain the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Confinement-induced decreases in physical activity levels and increases in sedentary behavior may provoke a rapid deterioration of cardiovascular health and premature deaths among populations with increased cardiovascular risk. Even short-term (1–4 wk) inactivity has been linked with detrimental effects in cardiovascular function and structure and increased cardiovascular risk factors. In this unprecedented and critical scenario, home-based physical activity programs arise as a clinically relevant intervention to promote health benefits to cardiac patients. Many studies have demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of different models of home-based exercise programs in the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and major cardiovascular events among different populations. This body of knowledge can inform evidence-based policies to be urgently implemented to counteract the impact of increased physical inactivity and sedentary behavior during the COVID-19 outbreak, thereby alleviating the global burden of cardiovascular disease.

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Cardiovascular risk and the impact of self-reported physical activity in long-term testicular cancer survivors: A longitudinal study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.e16048 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e16048-e16048 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hege Sagstuen Haugnes ◽

Lene Thorsen ◽

Roy M. Bremnes ◽

Marianne Brydoy ◽

Carl Wilhelm Langberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Testicular Cancer ◽

Cancer Survivors ◽

Testicular Cancer Survivors ◽

The Impact

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The South American Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Network (SAPASEN)

Global Health Promotion ◽

10.1177/1757975919859577 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 171-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

André O. Werneck ◽

Se-Sergio Baldew ◽

J. Jaime Miranda ◽

Óscar Incarbone ◽

Danilo R. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

South America ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

South American ◽

Collaborative Effort ◽

The South ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Behavior Network ◽

American Physical

The present article describes the South American Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Network, which was designed to provide ongoing transnational empirical evidence about physical activity and sedentary behavior in South America. The first goal of this initiative was to form a representative body of researchers and policy makers from all South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela) to establish priorities and targets for the short, medium and long term. Examples are given of connecting physical activity and sedentary data from existing surveys in several of the partner countries. The main objective of the South American Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Network will be to impact policies on physical activity and sedentary behavior in South America according to the singularities of each country or region. By encouraging an inclusive and collaborative effort, we expect that the South American Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Network will support the connection between researchers from South America as well as provide a better comprehension of the epidemiology of physical activity and sedentary behavior regionally.

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Erratum to: Effects of Neighborhood Walkability on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Long-Term Post-Bariatric Surgery

Obesity Surgery ◽

10.1007/s11695-016-2512-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 1595-1595

Author(s):

Ryan E. R. Reid ◽

Tamara E. Carver ◽

Tyler G. R. Reid ◽

Marie-Aude Picard-Turcot ◽

Kathleen M. Andersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Neighborhood Walkability ◽

Post Bariatric Surgery

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Abstract MP67: Long-term TV Viewing Is Associated With Grey Matter Brain Volume In Midlife: The Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.mp67 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ryan J Dougherty ◽

Tina Hoang ◽

Lenore J Launer ◽

David R Jacobs ◽

Stephen Sidney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Entorhinal Cortex ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Intracranial Volume ◽

Tv Viewing ◽

Standard Deviation Increase ◽

Matter Volume

Introduction: While it is generally accepted that a physically active lifestyle is important for overall health, sedentary behavior has become a public health focus due to evidence that it may impart unique risk for chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between 20-year television (TV) viewing patterns, as a proxy for sedentary behavior, with grey matter volume in midlife. We hypothesized that greater TV viewing in early to mid-adulthood would be associated with lower grey matter volume at midlife, independent from physical activity. Methods: We evaluated 599 participants (306 female, 264 black, mean age 30.3±3.5 at baseline and 50.2±3.5 years at follow-up and MRI) from the prospective CARDIA study. We assessed TV patterns with repeated interviewer-administered questionnaire spanning 20 years. Structural MRI (3T) measures of grey matter were assessed at year 20 during midlife. We used multivariable linear models to examine the association between long-term TV viewing (mean hours) and frontal cortex, entorhinal cortex, hippocampal, and total grey matter volumes, adjusting for demographics, intracranial volume, and study site. Results: Over the 20 years, participants reported viewing an average of 2.5±1.7 hours of TV per day (range: 0-10 hours). After multivariable adjustment, greater TV viewing was negatively associated with grey matter volume in the frontal (β= -0.773; p = 0.01) and entorhinal cortex (β= -23.8; p = 0.05) as well as total grey matter (β= -2.089; p = 0.003) but not hippocampus. These results remained unchanged after additional adjustment for physical activity. For each one standard deviation increase in TV viewing, the difference in grey matter volume z-score was approximately 0.06 less for each of the three regions ( p< 0.05; Figure 1). Conclusions: Among middle-aged adults, greater TV viewing in early to mid-adulthood was associated with lower grey matter volume. Sedentariness or other facets of TV viewing may be an important risk factor for brain aging even in middle age.

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