Effects of speed humps on vehicle speed and pedestrian crashes in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Jiho Yeo ◽  
Jooyoung Lee ◽  
Junhan Cho ◽  
Dong-Kyu Kim ◽  
Kitae Jang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes ◽  
Speed Humps

scholarly journals School-Aged Pedestrian–Vehicle Crash Vulnerability

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Ivan ◽  
József Benedek ◽  
Silviu Ciobanu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Triggering Factors ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes

The analysis of pedestrian–vehicle crashes makes a significant contribution to sustainable pedestrian safety. Existing research is based mainly on the statistical analysis of traffic crashes involving pedestrians and their causes, without the identification of areas vulnerable to traffic crashes that involve pedestrians. The main aim of this paper is to identify areas vulnerable to school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes at a local level to support the local authorities in implementing new urban traffic safety measures. The vulnerable areas were determined by computing the severity index (SI) based on the number of fatal, serious, and slight casualties throughout the 2011–2016 period in a large urban agglomeration (Bucharest). As well as the vulnerable areas, the triggering factors and the time intervals related to school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes were identified. The outcomes of the study showed that the vulnerable areas were concentrated only in districts 2 and 4 of Bucharest, and they were associated with high vehicle speed and pedestrians’ unsafe crossing behavior. The findings revealed that speed and age are triggering factors in generating school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes. The identified time peaks with a high number of traffic crashes correspond to the afternoon time intervals, when scholars go home from school. The identification of the areas vulnerable to school-aged pedestrian crashes may help local authorities in identifying and implementing measures to improve traffic safety in large urban agglomerations.

Effects of Speed Bumps and Humps on Motorcycle Speed Profiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wichuda Satiennam ◽  
Thaned Satiennam ◽  
Pornsiri Urapa ◽  
Tussawan Phacharoen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
The Road ◽  
Acceleration Rate ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Before And After ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Speed Humps

In developed countries, the use of speed humps and bumps have evolved from extensive research and testing which been properly designed and standardized. On the contrary in developing countries, no systematic and scientific studies have been carried out on that environment, especially the study on the effects that the motorcyclists response to the humps and bumps. This study therefore reveals the riders behavior when negotiating their speed to the devices. A case study was conducted in the provincial cities of Thailand where the motorcycle was a major mode of transportation. Six locations with speed humps and bumps were selected. Vehicles passing times were simultaneously recorded at 12 points along each traffic calmed link. From these data, a speed profile for each individual vehicle and for a link could be derived. It is found that speed humps and bumps have critically different impacts on motorcycle rider and passenger car driver. The smaller size speed bumps could effectively control the rider speed but have diverse impacts on the driver. These speed differences could post more safety deficiency to the site. The effect of the device on riders behavior, however, is restricted to a short spatial range (about 20-30 m before and after the device). For the speed humps, the motorcycle speeds are quite varied depending mainly on the road terrain. It is found that the motorcyclists have significant lower acceleration rate on the upgrade terrain when compared to the passenger car. Therefore, it is important to take all these rider characteristics into considerations when design the road humps to control vehicle speed in the developing countries.

Exploring Vehicle–Pedestrian Crash Severity Factors on the Basis of In-Car Black Box Recording Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 2659 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai-Jin Song ◽  
Jaehyun (Jason) So ◽  
Jisun Lee ◽  
Billy M. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes

This study investigated the main factors affecting the severity of injury to pedestrians in taxi–pedestrian crashes on urban arterial roads. Video data recorded by an in-car black box were used. Because the video data provided direct crash observation, they were more reliable than the crash data, and video images and speed profiles retrieved from the black box were advantageous for safety studies. For analysis of the black box data, this study defined new explanatory variables that affected injury severity; these variables could not have been identified by the conventional method, which was based on crash reports. A multiple-indicator and multiple-cause model was used to investigate the relationship between the explanatory variables and injury severity. A total of 484 taxi–pedestrian crash scenes over 2 years was used for the multivariate analysis in the city of Incheon, South Korea. The crash characteristics most strongly associated with increased crash severity were failure by the pedestrian to watch for approaching vehicles, jaywalking by the pedestrian, the pedestrian being elderly, excessive vehicle speed, failure by the driver to immediately stop, limited driver vision, and nighttime. This study emphasized the potential of individualized black box video recording data for crash severity analysis and investigation of the causal factors of crashes.

scholarly journals Injury Severity of Bus–Pedestrian Crashes in South Korea Considering the Effects of Regional and Company Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho-Chul Park ◽  
Yang-Jun Joo ◽  
Seung-Young Kho ◽  
Dong-Kyu Kim ◽  
Byung-Jung Park
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Type I ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes ◽  
Upper Level

Bus–pedestrian crashes typically result in more severe injuries and deaths than any other type of bus crash. Thus, it is important to screen and improve the risk factors that affect bus–pedestrian crashes. However, bus–pedestrian crashes that are affected by a company’s and regional characteristics have a cross-classified hierarchical structure, which is difficult to address properly using a single-level model or even a two-level multi-level model. In this study, we used a cross-classified, multi-level model to consider simultaneously the unobserved heterogeneities at these two distinct levels. Using bus–pedestrian crash data in South Korea from 2011 through to 2015, in this study, we investigated the factors related to the injury severity of the crashes, including crash level, regional and company level factors. The results indicate that the company and regional effects are 16.8% and 5.1%, respectively, which justified the use of a multi-level model. We confirm that type I errors may arise when the effects of upper-level groups are ignored. We also identified the factors that are statistically significant, including three regional-level factors, i.e., the elderly ratio, the ratio of the transportation infrastructure budget, and the number of doctors, and 13 crash-level factors. This study provides useful insights concerning bus–pedestrian crashes, and a safety policy is suggested to enhance bus–pedestrian safety.

scholarly journals A Multilevel Model Approach for Investigating Individual Accident Characteristics and Neighborhood Environment Characteristics Affecting Pedestrian-Vehicle Crashes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 3107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghoon Park ◽  
Dongwon Ko
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Pedestrian Injuries ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes ◽  
The Individual

Walking is the most basic movement of humans and the most fundamental mode of transportation. To promote walking, it is necessary to create a safe environment for pedestrians. However, pedestrian-vehicle crashes still remain relatively high in South Korea. This study employs a multilevel model to examine the differences between the lower-level individual characteristics of pedestrian crashes and the upper-level neighborhood environmental characteristics in Seoul, South Korea. The main results of this study are as follows. The individual characteristics of pedestrian-vehicle crashes are better at explaining pedestrian injury severity than built environment characteristics at the neighborhood level. Older pedestrians and drivers suffer more severe pedestrian injuries. Larger vehicles such as trucks and vans are more likely to result in a high severity of pedestrian injuries. Pedestrian injuries increase during inclement weather and at night. The severity of pedestrian injuries is lower at intersections and crosswalks without traffic signals than at crosswalks and intersections with traffic signals. Finally, school zones and silver zones, which are representative policies for pedestrian safety in South Korea, fail to play a significant role in reducing the severity of pedestrian injuries. The results of this study can guide policymakers and planners when making decisions on how to build neighborhoods that are safer for pedestrians.

scholarly journals Hierarchical ordered model for injury severity of pedestrian crashes in South Korea

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myeonghyeon Kim ◽  
Seung-Young Kho ◽  
Dong-Kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes

scholarly journals Safety assessment of pedestrian crossing solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Olszewski ◽  
Witold Czajewski ◽  
Paweł Dąbkowski ◽  
Piotr Szagała
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Video Analysis ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
Speed Humps

Paper presents preliminary findings from the research project Mobis which is aimed at developing a method of assessing safety of pedestrian road crossings by using video image analysis. Pedestrian and vehicle traffic has been recorded at a selected crossing site in Warsaw for 2 months, before and after installation of safety measures which included active signage and speed humps. Speeds of approaching vehicles were measured and vehicle-pedestrian conflict situations identified by using video analysis. Results indicate that both SignFlash active signage and speed humps reduce mean vehicle speed and have a positive impact on drivers’ behaviour.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF IMPROVEMENT ELEMENTS OF WALKING ENVIRONMENT ON KOREA TRADITONAL MARKETS USING ANALYTIC HEIRARCHY PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumho Chung ◽  
Min-Suk Yoon
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Walking Environment ◽  
Hierarchy Process

In this paper, we evaluate elements to improve pedestrian mobility in order to revitalize traditional markets in South Korea.  The objective of this study is to analyze the priority of elements for pedestrians in traditional markets using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). This paper used a two level hierarchy structure to achieve the objective. The first level was composed of four elements and the second level was composed of 28 sub-elements. The questionnaire used pairwise comparison. The data for analysis was collected through a survey of university students. The AHP process produced the results of this study as follows. The elements in the first level of element priority are interest, convenience, comfort and safety. The sub-elements in the second level of element priority are pitchmen, street vendors, shopping, price negotiation, paving, landscape, street lights, benches, people watching, trash bins, street vegetation, obstacles, information signs, illegal parking, cul-de-sacs, noise, sidewalk width, crowdedness, lack of sidewalk, sidewalk slope, activities, public transportation, traffic, pedestrians, stalls, billboards, vehicle speed, parking lots, speed bumps, and bicycle roads.

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