Effect of fibre content in the diet on the mean retention time in different segments of the digestive tract in growing pigs

2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 27-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wilfart ◽  
L. Montagne ◽  
H. Simmins ◽  
J. Noblet ◽  
J. van Milgen
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
The Mean

scholarly journals On the influence of diet on the retention time of food in the digestive tract of cows

1960 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Aarne Mäkelä ◽  
Liisa Liakka
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Retarding Effect ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Matter Basis

The retention times of dry matter and its constituents in the digestive tract of cows on hay+sugar beet pulp (5 cows) and cows fed on hay+swedes (8 cows) are compared with the retention times pertaining to cows fed on hay+concentrate or hay only. The following conclusions were reached; On a hay+sugar beet pulp diet the mean retention time of dry matter in the reticulo-rumen, and the retention times of lignin in the reticulo-rumen, in the whole digestive tract, and in the digestive tract following the reticulo-rumen are of the same magnitude as the corresponding retention times on a hay+concentrate diet (figs. 1, 2, 5, and 6). The mean retention time of membrane substances in the reticulo-rumen seems to be shorter and that of valuable N-free nutrients in the reticulo-rumen longer than the corresponding retention times on a hay+concentrate diet (figs. 3 and 4). On a hay+swede diet the mean retention times of dry matter and membrane substances in the reticulo-rumen are of the same magnitude as on a hay+concentrate diet (figs. 1 and 3). The mean retention time of valuable N-free nutrients in the reticulo-rumen and, in abundant feeding, the retention times of lignin in the reticulo-rumen, in the whole digestive tract, and especially in the digestive tract following the reticulo-rumen are shorter than on the hay+concentrate diet (figs. 2, 4, 5, and 6). On the hay+sugar beet pulp and the hay+swede diets the retention times are in general of the same magnitude. However, the retention time of membrane substances in the reticulo-rumen is shorter and that of the valuable N-free nutrients considerably longer on a hay+sugar beet pulp than on a hay+swede diet. Replacing a certain amount of hay by concentrates, sugar beet pulp or swedes on a dry matter basis seems to have no effect on the mean retention time of dry matter in the reticulo-rumen. However, a retarding effect on the rate of passage of typical hay constituents (lignin and membrane substances) and an accelerating effect on that of valuable N-free nutrients characteristic of concentrated foods was observed. The said replacing accelerates the rate of passage of lignin in the disgestive tract following the reticulo-rumen on a hay+swede diet.

Assessment of the heterogeneous ruminal fiber pool and development of a mathematical approach for predicting the mean retention time of feeds in goats1

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 1099-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. L. Regadas Filho ◽  
L. O. Tedeschi ◽  
R. A. M. Vieira ◽  
M. T. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
The Mean

Digestion and retention time of stained food in sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fadlalla ◽  
R. N. B. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Brilliant Green ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oat Husk

SummaryThe suitability of stained food and [103Ru]phenanthroline-treated food as markers for measuring dietary retention time was examined in sheep. The digestibility of oat husk, assessed by incubation of samples contained in nylon bags in the rumen, was greatly depressed by staining with brilliant green, and slightly depressed by basic fuschsin. The latter effect appeared largely to be due to boiling rather than the stain itself.When milled hay treated with both basic fuschsin and [103Ru]phenanthroline was introduced into the rumen, the mean retention time estimated with the stain was about 40% longer than that estimated with [103Ru]phenanthroline.

scholarly journals Retention time of chromium-labelled feed particles and of water in the gut of sheep given hay and concentrate at maintenance

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Lindberg
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chopped Grass

1. Sheep were given a diet of 400 g chopped grass hay/d and 500 g crushed barley/d in three equal meals. The mean retention time in the whole gut (MRT) and the rumen retention time (RRT) of chromium-labelled feed particles and of water were estimated from marker concentrations in faecal samples.2. MRT of Cr-labelled hay (Cr-H), barley hulls (Cr-Bh), crushed peas (Pisum sativum) (Cr-CP) and rapeseed meal (Cr-RSM) were 53.5, 52.3, 44.3 and 37.0 h respectively when estimated from total faecal collections. The estimates obtained from spot samples of faeces were almost identical.3. RRT of Cr-H, Cr-Bh, Cr-CP, Cr-RSM (Expts 1, 2 and 3) and Cr-labelled cottonseed meal (Cr-CSM) was 35.9, 36.7, 25.3, 18.8, 19.8, 22.8 and 25.3 h respectively.4. The Cr-labelled feed particles showed marked variations in density in water (Dω). However, both MRT and RRT were closely related to Dω, (r—0.88 and —0.95 respectively).5. Rumen outflow rates of Cr-RSM in individual animals were related to the rumen outflow rates of water (r 0.76).

The effects of pregnancy of the passage of food through the digestive tract of sheep

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham N McC ◽  
AJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Daily Food Intake ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Food Residues ◽  
Four Levels

The rate of passage of food residues through the digestive tract of pregnant and non-pregnant Merino ewes was measured at four levels of feeding. The passage of digesta became more rapid as the level of feeding was increased, or, the intake being constant, as pregnancy advanced. The mean retention time fell by 3 hr per 100 g increase of food intake, and by 1 to 1½ hr per 100 g increase of estimated weight of concepta at constant intake. The digesta increased by about 150 g dry matter (depending on level of feeding) per 100 g increase of daily food intake and fell by about 150 g per 1000 g increase of estimated weight of concepta. Two alternative explanations of the changes of rate of passage during pregnancy are discussed. While reduction of the quantity of digesta by the increasing bulk of the uterus would tend to curtail appetite, increase of the flow of digesta as a physiological side-effect of pregnancy would tend to enhance appetite. In either case, more rapid passage of digesta would depress the digestibility of some rations and so contribute to undernutrition in late pregnancy.

Dietary lupins (Lupinus angustifolius and Lupinus albus) can increase digesta retention in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Dunshea ◽  
N. J. Gannon ◽  
R. J. van Barneveld ◽  
B. P. Mullan ◽  
R. G. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Protein Cell ◽  
Daily Gain

Lupins are high in crude protein, cell wall materials, and gross energy but uncertainty about the bioavailability of nutrients and adverse effects on feed intake limit their use in the pig industry. Three experiments were conducted to determine the effect of lupins on retention time in the digestive tract by determining the average time it took for ingested polyethylene beads to pass through the digestive tract of pigs fed wheat-based diets containing various lupin species and fractions. In Expt 1, pigs were restrictively fed (1.8 kg/day) diets containing either predominantly wheat or predominantly wheat plus 400 g/kg peas or L. angustifolius seeds or kernels. The retention times of diets containing 400 g/kg of L. angustifolius seeds or kernels were significantly greater than those containing wheat alone (66.4 and 64.3 v. 48.8 h, P < 0.05, s.e.d. = 7.7 h), while that for the diet containing 400 g/kg peas was intermediate (55.8 h). In Expt 2 and 3, pigs were fed 1 of 6 wheat-based diets balanced for digestible energy (DE) and amino acid composition and containing either animal protein or 350 g/kg of peas, and L. angustifolius seeds or kernels, or L. albus seeds and kernels. Pigs were restrictively fed (1.5 kg/day) for Expt 2 or fed ad libitum for Expt 3. The mean retention time of the L. albus diets was greater than the other diets in both experiments. Feed intake and daily gain were reduced in pigs fed diets containing L. albus. Despite having lower feed intakes, pigs fed diets containing L. albus had more digesta in the stomach and small intestine at slaughter than the pigs consuming the diets not containing lupins. Appropriate physical treatment or enzymatic supplementation of L. albus diets may alleviate some of the feed intake problems.

The rate of passage of food through the alimentary tract of pigs

1956 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Castle ◽  
M. E. Castle
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fattening Pigs

A method for measuring the rate of passage of meal through the alimentary tract of pigs by feeding a stained marker is described. The results are given of sixty-four experiments made under standardized conditions on four fattening pigs with live weights ranging from 49·9 to 185·5 lb. and six experiments on a sow weighing 500 lb.Results were expressed by means of excretion curves. These were sigmoid in shape and from them a value termed R, the mean retention time (hr.) of all the stained particles in the alimentary tract, directly proportional to the area to the left of the curve, was calculated.In the fattening piga the first appearance of the marker in the faeces occurred 10–24 hr. after feeding, and the mean 5 and 95% excretion times were 21 and 53 hr. respectively. The marker was completely excreted after approximately 80–90 hr. The R value averaged 34·2 hr.A marker fed at the morning feed (9 a.m.) had earlier 5 and 95% excretion times and the R value was significantly smaller.There was no statistically significant relationship between the R values and live weight, digestibility of the dry matter of the ration or the dry-matter content of the faeces.In the sow the 5 and 95% excretion times were 38 and 68 hr. respectively, and the R value averaged 51·1 hr.Counts of stained particles in the intestines of two of the pigs after slaughter showed that food was delayed mainly in the large intestine.

scholarly journals The effects of nematode parasitism on the rate of passage of food residues through the alimentary tract of sheep

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bawden
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
General Decrease ◽  
Oesophagostomum Columbianum ◽  
Nematode Parasitism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Food Residues

1. The mean retention time of stained food residues was longer in sheep maintained on a chopped straw ration than in sheep maintained on a chopped lucerne ration.2. Infection of sheep with 1500 infective Oesophagostomum columbianum juveniles was associated with increased mean retention times.3. The extent to which the mean retention times were increased was associated with the diet and mode of infection of the sheep.4. It was noted that an increase in mean retention time following infection was associated with a general decrease in food intake per kg live eight0.75.5. The results are discussed in relation to the pathogenesis and survival of O.columbianum infections in sheep.

Effect of level of feeding a mixed ration of whole wheat grain and hay on the digestion of wheat grain by steers

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (90) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Toland
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ingestion Rate ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Mean Retention Time ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
The Mean

The apparent digestibility of whole grain, proportion of grain voided in the faeces, retention time of whole grain and the rate of ingestion of the ration was measured for a mixed ration of 2/3 $whole wheat and 1/3 hay fed at 1 1/2 per cent and 3 per cent of mean liveweight to eight yearling steers in a cross-over design. Halving the level of intake of 3 per cent of the liveweight was accompanied by an increase in digestibility of grain dry matter from 53.8 to 68.3 per cent, a decrease in the proportion of grain voided from 31.6 to 19.6 per cent, a lengthening of the mean retention time from 31.9 to 52.3 hours and a reduction in the ingestion rate of the ration from 0.24 to 0.21 kg minute-1.

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