In vitro gas formation and fermentation parameters using different substrates and pig faecal inocula affected by bile extract

2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jezierny ◽  
H. Steingaβ ◽  
W. Drochner
Keyword(s):  
Gas Formation ◽  
Bile Extract ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

PSVII-15 Effects of electrolyzed reduced water on intake, digestion and ruminal fermentation parameters in beef cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 446-447
Author(s):  
Natasha L Bell ◽  
Daisy A Gonzalez ◽  
Kendrah DeLeon
Keyword(s):  
Transition Period ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Reduced Water ◽  
Electrolyzed Reduced Water

Abstract The effect of electrolyzed reduced water consumption by cattle is not well defined. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of electrolyzed reduced water on intake, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), ORP and pH in four ruminally cannulated steers (4 Bos taurus; 317 kg BW). Steers were subjected to a two period (14 d), two treatment crossover design. Treatment included: 1) standard water (CON; pH = 7.0 ± 1.0) or 2) electrolyzed reduced water (ERW; pH = 9.0 ± 1.0). The project comprised of two studies where the effects of ERW were observed for steers consuming a roughage diet (phase 1) or concentrate diet (phase 2). During Phase 1, animals were provided bermudagrass hay ad libitum. A 14 d transition period followed phase 1 to allow transition of diets. In phase 2, animals were maintained on a concentrate diet. During each period, d 1–8 served as a treatment adaptation phase, d 9–13 allowed for measures of intake and digestion, and rumen fluid was collected at h 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 after feeding on d 14 for VFA, pH and ORP analysis. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Intake, digestion, and ruminal fermentation parameters were not different for CON vs ERW steers (P ≥ 0.06). Analysis of VFA data have not been finalized and will be reported later. Results indicate that ERW has no effect on intake, digestion or ruminal fermentation parameters of steers consuming roughage or concentrate diets.

scholarly journals Comparing the effect of different levels of zinc hydroxychloride with inorganic zinc sulfate on in vitro rumen fermentation parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 582-586
Author(s):  
Ravi Prakash Pal ◽  
Veena Mani ◽  
Srobana Sarkar ◽  
Shahid Hassan Mir ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulfate ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
In Vitro Rumen Fermentation

scholarly journals Profiles of Odd- and Branched-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Correlations With Rumen Fermentation Parameters, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Bacterial Populations Based on Pure Carbohydrate Incubation in Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hangshu Xin ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Chunlong Liu ◽  
Shuzhi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Background: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the profiles of odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA; including C15:0, iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, C17:0, iso-C17:0 and anteiso-C17:0) during pure carbohydrates incubation in vitro and whether they correlated with ruminal fermentation parameters, microbial crude protein (MCP) synthesis, and bacterial populations. The pure substrates containing five different ratios of fiber and starch (F:S; 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0) were incubated for 6 h, 12 h, 18 h and 24 h. Results: Except iso-C17:0, OBCFA concentrations were interacted by F:S and incubation time. The highest concentration of total OBCFA was found in the fermented mixture after 24 h of incubation when the F:S = 0:100; while the lowest level was 1.65 mg/g DM produced after 6 h of incubation with F:S = 50:50. The concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and MCP remarkably decreased linearly as the inclusion of fiber in the substrates increased, as expected. The proportions of investigated cellulolytic bacteria in our study were increased linearly (or linearly and quadratically) while those of R. amylophilus and S. bovis were decreased as fiber inclusion increased. The correlation analysis indicated that iso-C16:0 concentration might have potential as a marker of productions of TVFA and MCP with ρ being 0.78 and 0.82 respectively. Compared to starch degrading bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria had more correlations with OBCFA profiles, and the strongest association was found on the population of R. flavefaciens with C15:0 concentration (ρ = 0.70). Conclusions: Our study shows there might be scope for iso-C16:0 to predict rumen productions of VFA and MCP. Notedly, this is the first paper reporting linkage of OBCFA with rumen function based on pure carbohydrate in vitro incubation, which would avoid confounding interference from dietary protein and fat presence. However, more in-depth experiments are needed to substantiate the current findings.

scholarly journals Effect of Encapsulating Nitrate in Sesame Gum on In vitro Rumen Fermentation Parameters

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1577-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiedza Isabel Mamvura ◽  
Sangbuem Cho ◽  
David Tinotenda Mbiriri ◽  
Hong-gu Lee ◽  
Nag-Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Parameters

scholarly journals PSI-1 Effects of source and level of inclusion of engineered biocarbon in a total mixed beef cattle diet on in vitro methane emissions and fermentation parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 290-291
Author(s):  
Paul Tamayao ◽  
Kim Ominski ◽  
Gabriel Ribeiro ◽  
Emma McGeough
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Barley Silage

Abstract This in vitro study evaluated seven different engineered biocarbon products supplied at three levels (0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mg/ml inoculum) to determine their effects on total gas, methane production, and fermentation parameters when added to a barley silage-based diet. The biocarbon sources were derived from either coconut (CP001 and CP014) or pine (CP002, CP015, CP016, CP023, CP024) and differed in their physical properties and chemical composition. The coconut biocarbon sources were lower in pore space, particle size distribution and surface area but higher in bulk density than the pine products. The control consisted of only the barley-silage diet. The in vitro batch culture jars were incubated for 24 h at 39°C at the above inclusion levels in 0.5 g of diet. Gas samples were collected at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 h and DM disappearance, pH, VFA and ammonia concentrations post incubation were measured. Data were analysed using the PROC MIXED in SAS as a randomized complete block design with treatment and rate as fixed effects and run and replicate as random effects. Total gas production was not affected by source of biocarbon (P = 0.85) and inclusion rate (P = 0.91). Cumulative methane (ml/g DM) had no response to biocarbon addition (P = 0.40) at any inclusion level (P = 0.48). Additionally, concentration of total VFA was not affected by treatment (P = 0.31) or inclusion rates (P = 0.25). NH3-N concentrations responded quadratically (P < 0.001) to all types of biocarbon. Higher inclusion rates of biocarbon linearly (P < 0.002) decreased feed digestibility, particularly the coconut-based biocarbon sources CP001 and CP014. In conclusion, supplementation of biocarbon to a TMR diet did not reduce methane emissions, but at higher levels of inclusion diet digestibility was negatively affected.

scholarly journals PSVI-42 Effect of increasing concentrations of aflatoxins (AFB1) on rumen gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance and fermentation parameters using the in vitro ANKOM gas technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Marden ◽  
Virginie Marquis ◽  
Kheira Hadjeba Medjdoub ◽  
Marine Lacombe
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Cheese Cloth

Abstract Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species known to be the most prevalent contaminants in feedstuffs. In ruminants, contaminated AFB1 feeds usually exhibit symptoms including reduced feed efficiency and milk production and decreased appetite. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of AFB1 on rumen fermentation parameters by using the ANKOM gas production protocol. Rumen fluid was collected from a cannulated dry dairy cow, filtered with cheese-cloth and diluted (1:1) with a standard buffer. Triplicates of 75 mL flasks were fed 0,75g of feed (79% corn silage, 15% alfalfa and 6% concentrates) and inoculated with 0 (blank), 0,2, 0,5, 1 and 2 ppm of AFB1. Flasks were placed in a rotating incubation at 39°C for 96h and connected to ANKOM GP system. After 96h of incubation, the contents of each flask were centrifuged. Supernatants were analyzed for total VFA and AFB1 while precipitates were dried at 104°C for DM disappearance. The experimentation was repeated weekly 3 times and named wk1, 2 and 3. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS using a univariate model. Results showed no significant differences on GP max at 96h among AFB1 concentrations. Only wk 1 showed that higher AFB1 concentration (2 ppm) decreased significantly (P < 0,05) DM disappearance (- 8,2 pts) when compared to the blank. Total VFA contents (75,0 ± 1,6 mM) were not affected by AFB1. Wk 2 and 3 did not show any difference neither on DM disappearance nor on VFA (89,1 ± 1,6 mM; 110,2 ± 4,8 mM). It can be concluded that our in vitro model, GP did not reflect DM disappearance and it can be put forward that rumen fluid with low total VFA concentrations (≤ 75 mM) could be more sensible to AFB1 challenge.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Different Dietary Methane Mitigation Strategies

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juana C. Chagas ◽  
Mohammad Ramin ◽  
Sophie J. Krizsan
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Propynoic Acid ◽  
Dietary Strategies

We assessed and ranked different dietary strategies for mitigating methane (CH4) emissions and other fermentation parameters, using an automated gas system in two in vitro experiments. In experiment 1, a wide range of dietary CH4 mitigation strategies was tested. In experiment 2, the two most promising CH4 inhibitory compounds from experiment 1 were tested in a dose-response study. In experiment 1, the chemical compounds 2-nitroethanol, nitrate, propynoic acid, p-coumaric acid, bromoform, and Asparagopsis taxiformis (AT) decreased predicted in vivo CH4 production (1.30, 21.3, 13.9, 24.2, 2.00, and 0.20 mL/g DM, respectively) compared with the control diet (38.7 mL/g DM). The 2-nitroethanol and AT treatments had lower molar proportions of acetate and higher molar proportions of propionate and butyrate compared with the control diet. In experiment 2, predicted in vivo CH4 production decreased curvilinearly, molar proportions of acetate decreased, and propionate and butyrate proportions increased curvilinearly with increased levels of AT and 2-nitroethanol. Thus 2-nitroethanol and AT were the most efficient strategies to reduce CH4 emissions in vitro, and AT inclusion additionally showed a strong dose-dependent CH4 mitigating effect, with the least impact on rumen fermentation parameters.

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