Facile preparation of water soluble phenol formaldehyde resin-derived activated carbon by Na 2 CO 3 activation for high performance supercapacitors

Abstract An eco-friendly method for the synthesis of granular activated carbon was developed in this study. Two types of activated carbon and three types of activated carbon granules have been obtained using different binders, and their properties have been determined. The approach requires adding other binders and waste materials to improve the granulation of activated carbon. Activated carbon was prepared from birch wood chips. Prepared carbon was granulated with a) gas generator tar, b) phenol-formaldehyde resin, and c) polyvinyl acetate to obtain granular activated carbon. This work aims to study the possibilities of using activated carbon adsorbents for CO2 adsorption. The activated carbon produced was characterized by BET, FTIR, and SEM. The adsorption behavior on CO2 was also studied. Granular activated carbons compression strength was enough to study it in an adsorption bed, and an optimal binder was to be phenol-formaldehyde resin and polyvinyl acetate. The obtained results show that activated carbon granules are suitable for CO2 adsorption and can be used, for example, for the removal of CO2 in the biogas upgrading process. As the sustainability problems are increasing, granules from waste materials could be promising materials for further studies.

Download Full-text

Preparation and electrochemical characteristics of electrospun water-soluble resorcinol/phenol-formaldehyde resin-based carbon nanofibers

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra02984h ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (51) ◽

pp. 40884-40891 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xiaodong Tian ◽

Ning Zhao ◽

Kai Wang ◽

Defang Xu ◽

Yan Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Synergistic Effect ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Carbon Nanofibers ◽

Porous Carbon ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Electrochemical Characteristics ◽

One Step

Porous carbon nanofibers prepared by combining electrospinning and one-step activation exhibit remarkable capacitance performances due to the synergistic effect of the optimized pore size distribution, specific surface area and surface properties.

Download Full-text

Dispersion Properties of a Water-Soluble Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology ◽

10.1080/01932690802597855 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 605-608 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Limei Sun ◽

Mingyuan Li ◽

Meiqin Lin ◽

Bo Peng ◽

Jixiang Guo

Keyword(s):

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Dispersion Properties

Download Full-text

Comparative Researcehs of the Properties of Laboratory Plywood and Some Industrial Manufactured Wood-Based Panels

South East European Journal of Architecture and Design ◽

10.3889/eejad.2017.10032 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 258

Author(s):

Violeta T Jakimovska

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Pure Water ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Master Thesis ◽

Dry Pressing ◽

The Impact

The aim of the researches in the master thesis is studying the impact of the changes in plywood structure on their physical and mechanical properties. These changes are related to the change of the layer’s position in the panels’ structure along the axis of symmetry without changing the number and the thickness of the veneers. Four models of laboratory nine layered plywood were made for studying this impact. The evaluation of the models quality was made on the base of the obtained values from the tests of their physical and mechanical properties, as well as on the base of the comparative analyze of these values and the values obtained from the tested properties of comparative model of industrial manufactured plywood. The laboratory plywood models are made in controlled laboratory conditions by the method of hot dry pressing. Beech peeled veneers with thickness of 1,2; 1,5; 2,2 and 3,2 mm are used for plywood manufacturing. As gluing component for plywood manufacturing, pure water-soluble phenol formaldehyde resin with concentration of 47,10 % is used. The models are preserved with phenol formaldehyde foil, which is impregnated in the surface layers during pressing. Four panels from each model are made, as well as two additional panels without surface phenol formaldehyde foil from the second model in order to perceive the differences in physical properties between preserved and non-preserved laboratory models.

Download Full-text

Synthesis and application of water-soluble phenol-formaldehyde resin crosslinking agent

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/61/1/012150 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 61 ◽

pp. 012150 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhiqiang Wang ◽

Shanshan Gao ◽

Jing You ◽

Jiliang Yu ◽

Tao Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Crosslinking Agent ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Formaldehyde Resin

Download Full-text

Reinforcing of phenol formaldehyde resin by graphene oxide and lignin nanohybrids

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1177/0954008319827060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 590-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jianzheng Zhang ◽

Wang Rumin ◽

Pengpeng Chen

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Storage Modulus ◽

High Performance ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Transmission Electron

Utilizing synergetic effects of different fillers was an important strategy to develop high-performance polymer nanocomposites. In this work, novel hybrid nanofillers composed of graphene oxide (GO) and alkali lignin (L) were obtained successfully, and their reinforcing effect of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin was fully investigated. The structures, morphologies, and properties of the GO-L nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, thermal gravimetry analysis, and Raman spectra. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the GO-L–reinforced PF resin is much better than the single added GO and lignin with the same weight ratio. The effect of the filling ratio of GO-L on the storage modulus of PF was also investigated. Results showed that the storage modulus of PF was increased from 2015 MPa to 3675 MPa with the addition of 2 wt% of GO-L (3:7) hybrids.

Download Full-text

Comparative Researcehs of the Properties of Laboratory Plywood and Some Industrial Manufactured Wood-Based Panels

South East European Journal of Architecture and Design ◽

10.3889/seejad.2017.10033 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 258

Author(s):

Violeta T Jakimovska

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Pure Water ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Master Thesis ◽

Dry Pressing ◽

The Impact

The aim of the researches in the master thesis is studying the impact of the changes in plywood structure on their physical and mechanical properties. These changes are related to the change of the layer’s position in the panels’ structure along the axis of symmetry without changing the number and the thickness of the veneers. Four models of laboratory nine layered plywood were made for studying this impact. The evaluation of the models quality was made on the base of the obtained values from the tests of their physical and mechanical properties, as well as on the base of the comparative analyze of these values and the values obtained from the tested properties of comparative model of industrial manufactured plywood. The laboratory plywood models are made in controlled laboratory conditions by the method of hot dry pressing. Beech peeled veneers with thickness of 1,2; 1,5; 2,2 and 3,2 mm are used for plywood manufacturing. As gluing component for plywood manufacturing, pure water-soluble phenol formaldehyde resin with concentration of 47,10 % is used. The models are preserved with phenol formaldehyde foil, which is impregnated in the surface layers during pressing. Four panels from each model are made, as well as two additional panels without surface phenol formaldehyde foil from the second model in order to perceive the differences in physical properties between preserved and non-preserved laboratory models.

Download Full-text

Preparation of hierarchical porous carbon with high capacitance

World Journal of Engineering ◽

10.1108/wje-05-2017-0110 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 323-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yuming Guan ◽

Jingbo Mu ◽

Hongwei Che ◽

Xiaoliang Zhang ◽

Zhixiao Zhang

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Koh Activation ◽

Type I ◽

Content Type ◽

Hierarchical Porous ◽

Hierarchical Porous Carbons

Purpose The purpose of this study is to design carbon electrode materials for high performance electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) with pores that are large enough and have suitable pore size distribution for the electrolyte to access completely to improve EDLCs’ electrochemical performance. Design/methodology/approach This study develop an improved traditional KOH activation method, and a series of micro-meso hierarchical porous carbons have been successfully prepared from phenol formaldehyde resin by combining polyethylene glycol (PEG) and conventional KOH activation. Findings As evidenced by N2 adsorption/desorption tests, the obtained samples present Types IV and I-IV hybrid shape isotherms compared with KOH-activated resin (typical of Type I). The sample AC2-7-1, which the addition quantity of PEG is 25 per cent PF (weight ration) activated at 700? For 1 h is considered as the optimum preparation condition. It exhibits the highest specific capacitance value of 240 F/g in 30 wt% KOH aqueous electrolytes because of its higher specific surface area (2085 m2/g), greater pore volume (1.08 cm3/g) and the maximum mesoporosity (43 per cent). In addition, the capacity decay of this material is only 3.1 per cent after 1000 cycles. Originality/value The materials that are rich in micropores and mesopores show great potential in EDLC capacitors, particularly for applications where high power output and good high-frequency capacitive performances are required.

Download Full-text