Impaired glucose tolerance and metabolic syndrome in idiopathic polyneuropathy: The role of pain and depression

The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is highest among Hispanic adults. However, studies exploring the metabolic syndrome in overweight Hispanic youth are lacking. Subjects were 126 overweight children (8–13 yr of age) with a family history for type 2 diabetes. The metabolic syndrome was defined as having at least three of the following: abdominal obesity, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Insulin sensitivity was determined by the frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, systolic and diastolic hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance was 62, 67, 26, 22, 4, and 27%, respectively. The presence of zero, one, two, or three or more features of the metabolic syndrome was 9, 22, 38, and 30%, respectively. After controlling for body composition, insulin sensitivity was positively related to HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01) and negatively related to triglycerides (P < 0.001) and systolic (P < 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.05). Insulin sensitivity significantly decreased (P < 0.001) as the number of features of the metabolic syndrome increased. In conclusion, overweight Hispanic youth with a family history for type 2 diabetes are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, and this appears to be due to decreased insulin sensitivity. Improving insulin resistance may be crucial for the prevention of chronic disease in this at-risk population.

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Potential role of fibroblast growth factor 21 in the deterioration of bone quality in impaired glucose tolerance

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation ◽

10.1007/s40618-020-01337-y ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. T. W. Lui ◽

C. H. Lee ◽

V. W. K. Chau ◽

C. H. Y. Fong ◽

K. M. Y. Yeung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽

Bone Quality ◽

Potential Role ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽

Fibroblast Growth

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Effects of whole-grain wheat, rye, and lignan supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in men with metabolic syndrome: a randomized crossover trial

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/nqaa026 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 111 (4) ◽

pp. 864-876

Author(s):

Anne K Eriksen ◽

Carl Brunius ◽

Mohsen Mazidi ◽

Per M Hellström ◽

Ulf Risérus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Whole Grain ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

ABSTRACT Background A whole-grain (WG)–rich diet has shown to have potential for both prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is a cluster of risk factors that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Different WGs may have different health effects. WG rye, in particular, may improve glucose homeostasis and blood lipids, possibly mediated through fermentable dietary fiber and lignans. Recent studies have also suggested a crucial role of the gut microbiota in response to WG. Objectives The aim was to investigate WG rye, alone and with lignan supplements [secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG)], and WG wheat diets on glucose tolerance [oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT)], other cardiometabolic outcomes, enterolignans, and microbiota composition. Moreover, we exploratively evaluated the role of gut microbiota enterotypes in response to intervention diets. Methods Forty men with MetS risk profile were randomly assigned to WG diets in an 8-wk crossover study. The rye diet was supplemented with 280 mg SDG at weeks 4–8. Effects of treatment were evaluated by mixed-effects modeling, and effects on microbiota composition and the role of gut microbiota as a predictor of response to treatment were analyzed by random forest plots. Results The WG rye diet (± SDG supplements) did not affect the OGTT compared with WG wheat. Total and LDL cholesterol were lowered (−0.06 and −0.09 mmol/L, respectively; P < 0.05) after WG rye compared with WG wheat after 4 wk but not after 8 wk. WG rye resulted in higher abundance of Bifidobacterium [fold-change (FC) = 2.58, P < 0.001] compared with baseline and lower abundance of Clostridium genus compared with WG wheat (FC = 0.54, P = 0.02). The explorative analyses suggest that baseline enterotype is associated with total and LDL-cholesterol response to diet. Conclusions WG rye, alone or with SDG supplementation, compared with WG wheat did not affect glucose metabolism but caused transient LDL-cholesterol reduction. The effect of WG diets appeared to differ according to enterotype. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02987595.

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Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics and Aetiology of Asymptomatic Raised Alanine Aminotransferase in Newly Detected Diabetes and Impaired Glucose Tolerance Patients

Journal of Bangladesh College of Physicians and Surgeons ◽

10.3329/jbcps.v33i2.28022 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 70-74

Author(s):

Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽

Md Golam Azam ◽

Md Nowshad Ali ◽

Mostafa Nur Mohsin ◽

Md Shah Jamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Hbsag Seropositivity ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objectives: Clinical evaluation and identification of aetiology of asymptomatic raised serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level in newly detected adult diabetic and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, newly detected adult diabetic and IGT patients having asymptomatic raised serum ALT level of > 1.5 times of upper limit of normal were evaluated clinically and by laboratory tests.Results: Total number of patients was 120, which was 3.1% of all newly registered diabetic and IGT patients over the study period. Male were 74 and female 46. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was found in 93.3% cases and IGT in 6.7%. Mean age was 43.1 years, mean body weight was 64.5 kg and mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.5 kg/m2. Central (abdominal) obesity was found in 61.5% cases. Increased waist hip ratio was found in 86.3% cases. Hypertension and hepatomegaly were present in 35% and 5.8% cases respectively. Dyslipidaemia was found in 98.3% cases and 45% patients fulfilled criteria for metabolic syndrome. Regarding etiology, 76.7% cases had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 8.3% had HBsAg sero-positivity, 4.2% had anti-HCV seropositivity and 3.3% had both NAFLD and HBsAg seropositivity. In 7.5% cases no cause was found. Raised serum ALT level had a significant correlation with metabolic syndrome (p= 0.016) and increasing age (p= 0.008).Conclusion: Elevation of serum ALT is common in DM and IGT. NAFLD is the commonest cause followed by hepatitis B and C virus infection.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(2): 70-74

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