Role of gut microbiota in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunari Kaneko ◽  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Takahisa Kimata
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children: role of regulatory T cells and gut microbiota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Shohei Akagawa ◽  
Yuko Akagawa ◽  
Tadashi Yamaguchi ◽  
Jiro Kino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

scholarly journals Evidence for a role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in proteinuria of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta da Silva Filha ◽  
Sérgio Veloso Brant Pinheiro ◽  
Thiago Macedo e Cordeiro ◽  
Victor Feracin ◽  
Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

AbstractIntroduction: Renin angiotensin system (RAS) plays a role in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). Most studies investigated only the classical RAS axis. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to evaluate urinary levels of RAS molecules related to classical and to counter-regulatory axes in pediatric patients with INS, to compare the measurements with levels in healthy controls and to search for associations with inflammatory molecules, proteinuria and disease treatment. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study included 31 patients with INS and 19 healthy controls, matched for age and sex. Patients and controls were submitted to urine collection for measurement of RAS molecules [Ang II, Ang-(1-7), ACE and ACE2] by enzyme immunoassay and cytokines by Cytometric Bead Array. Findings in INS patients were compared according to proteinuria: absent (<150 mg/dl, n = 15) and present (≥150 mg/dl, n = 16). Results: In comparison to controls, INS patients had increased Ang II, Ang-(1-7) and ACE, levels while ACE2 was reduced. INS patients with proteinuria had lower levels of ACE2 than those without proteinuria. ACE2 levels were negatively correlated with 24-h-proteinuria. Urinary concentrations of MCP-1/CCL2 were significantly higher in INS patients, positively correlated with Ang II and negatively with Ang-(1-7). ACE2 concentrations were negatively correlated with IP-10/CXCL-10 levels, which, in turn, were positively correlated with 24-h-proteinuria. Conclusion: INS patients exhibited changes in RAS molecules and in chemokines. Proteinuria was associated with low levels of ACE2 and high levels of inflammatory molecules.

Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Children with Relapsing Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Tsuji ◽  
Chikushi Suruda ◽  
Masaki Hashiyada ◽  
Takahisa Kimata ◽  
Sohsaku Yamanouchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Background: While the etiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (idiopathic nephrotic syndrome [INS]; characterized by repeated relapses and comorbid allergic conditions) remains unknown, recent evidence suggests that dysfunction in regulatory T cells (Tregs) plays an important role in the development of INS as well as allergic diseases. We hypothesized that dysbiosis involving decreased butyric acid-producing gut microbiota leads to defective induction and differentiation of peripherally induced Tregs, resulting in INS relapse. Methods: Study subjects were 12 children with INS, 8 classified as relapsing (R group; median age: 3.0 years) and 4 as non-relapsing (NR group; median age: 4.3 years), and 11 healthy children (HC group; median age: 5.1 years) serving as normal controls. Measurement of microbiota was performed using 16S ribosomal RNA metagenomic analysis, and fecal butyric acid was measured using high performance liquid chromatography. Flow-cytometric analysis of Tregs and CD4-positive (CD4+) cells in peripheral blood was also performed. Results: Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota using feces showed that the proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria was significantly lower in R (median 6.36%) than HC (median 18.84%; p = 0.0013), but no different between NR (median 16.71%) and HC (p = 0.29). Fecal organic acid analysis revealed significantly lower butyric acid quantities in R than HC (medians: 0.48 vs. 0.99 mg/g, p = 0.042). Circulating Tregs as a proportion of CD4+ cells were decreased in 75% of R and NR. Conclusion: Pediatric relapsing INS patients show gut microbiota dysbiosis, characterized by a decreased proportion of butyric acid-producing bacteria and lower fecal butyric acid quantities, concomitant with reduced circulatory Tregs.

The role of real-time shear wave elastography in the diagnosis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and evaluation of the curative effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2508-2517
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Fang-Lin Hou ◽  
Cheng Zhao ◽  
Cai-Yun Jiang ◽  
Xiu-Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Curative Effect

scholarly journals No evidence for a specific role of IgM in mesangial proliferation of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome

1984 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Ji-Yun ◽  
Tyrone Melvin ◽  
Richard Sibley ◽  
Alfred F. Michael
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Specific Role ◽  
Mesangial Proliferation

Role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome

2004 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. van den BERG ◽  
Jan J. WEENING
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Minimal Change ◽  
Focal And Segmental Glomerulosclerosis ◽  
Glomerular Permeability ◽  
Glomerular Capillary ◽  
Glomerular Barrier

Idiopathic NS (nephrotic syndrome) is characterized by massive proteinuria, due to a leak in the glomerular barrier to proteins. Genetic defects that affect the function and the composition of the glomerular capillary wall, in particular of the visceral epithelial cells, have recently been recognized as the cause of familial forms of NS. MCNS (minimal change NS) and FSGS (focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis) are common non-familial forms of NS in which the causative defect has not yet been identified. Several studies have shown that non-familial NS is associated with the presence of circulating permeability factors and with complex disturbances in the immune system. Thus far, there is no direct evidence that these factors directly alter glomerular permeability to proteins, and some of these factors may be a consequence, rather than a cause, of NS. In this review, we will briefly highlight the mechanisms that underlie proteinuria in general and focus on the immunological disturbances associated with idiopathic NS, with attention to potential mechanisms whereby the immune system may directly act on the glomerular capillary filter.

The role of the immune system in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: a review of clinical and experimental studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner de Fátima Pereira ◽  
Gustavo Eustáquio Alvim Brito-Melo ◽  
Fábio Tadeu Lourenço Guimarães ◽  
Thiago Guimarães Rosa Carvalho ◽  
Elvis Cueva Mateo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Experimental Studies

scholarly journals Involvement of Hemopexin in the Pathogenesis of Proteinuria in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3160
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Pukajło-Marczyk ◽  
Danuta Zwolińska
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Serum And Urine

Hemopexin (Hpx) is considered a factor in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum and urine values of Hpx (sHpx and uHpx) in children with INS, analyze the role of Hpx, and assess its usefulness as a marker of the disease course. 51 children with INS and 18 age-matched controls were examined. Patients were divided into subgroups depending on the number of relapses (group IA—the first episode of INS, group IB—with relapses) and according to method of treatment (group IIA treated with gluco-corticosteroids (GCS), group IIB treated with GCS and other immunosuppressants). Hpx concentrations were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). sHpx and uHpx values in relapse were elevated in the whole INS group versus controls (p < 0.000). In remission their levels decreased, but still remained higher than in the control group (p < 0.000). In group IB uHpx levels were increased during remission as compared to group IA (p < 0.006). No significant impact of immuno-suppressants on sHpx was observed, but uHpx excretion in group IIA was higher in relapse (p < 0.026) and lower in remission (p < 0.0017) as compared to group IIB. The results suggest the role of Hpx in the pathogenesis of INS. Hpx may be a useful indicator for continuation of treatment, but it requires confirmation by further controlled studies.

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