History of the frontal lobes: Language and language disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 (10) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
François Boller ◽  
Nicoletta Caputi
Keyword(s):  
Language Disorders ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
History Of

A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.

scholarly journals The Early Prelinguistic Skills in Iranian Infants and Toddlers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-454
Author(s):  
Narges Bayat ◽  
◽  
Atieh Ashtari ◽  
Mohsen Vahedi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Children's Development ◽  
Children’S Development

Objectives: The prelinguistic skills which pave the way for language development have always been an area of research in the Speech Therapy field. Although studying these skills is important, there is a study gap among Persian children. Therefore, this study explored prelinguistic skills among a sample of Persian-speaking children aged 6 to 24 months and made a comparison between different age groups. We also studied the effects of gender and family history of speech-language disorders on children’s prelinguistic abilities. Methods: In the present study, 277 mothers of Iranian Persian-speaking children aged 6 to 24 months were asked to fill a research-made checklist that evaluated the prelinguistic skills of their children. This study was cross-sectional and was conducted in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. Children’s abilities in different age groups were compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the post-hoc test. The differences between the total scores of the two genders were also determined using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Comparing the prelinguistic skills in different age groups indicated a statistically significant increase in the scores as children grow up. Children with a positive family history of speech-language disorders scored lower on the checklist than the others (91.03±17.37). Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences between the two genders in developing gesture, vocalization, first words, social interaction, imitation, and play; girls had higher scores. Conclusion: Based on the studies conducted in different countries, prelinguistic skills develop as children grow up; these skills facilitate language acquisition and other social skills. The present study also demonstrated the development of these skills alongside children’s development. This similarity between Persian-speaking children and other children from different cultures and languages, as well as better performance in children with a negative family history of speech-language impairments, confirm the role of genetic factors in children’s development. Moreover, the differences in the development of some prelinguistic skills between girls and boys reveal the impact of various factors, such as social factors, on prelinguistic skills development.

Family History of Children with Developmental Language Disorders

1986 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 655-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Neils ◽  
Dorothy M. Aram
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reported Speech ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Developmental Language Disorders ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

The present study shows the increased incidence of language-related disorders among family members of children with language disorders. The family histories of 74 children with developmental language disorders and 36 normal children were compared. The children with language disorders had significantly more family members who reported speech, stuttering, reading, and language disorders than the normal control group.

scholarly journals Quantitative evaluation of the orofacial morphology: Anthropometric measurements in healthy and mouth-breathing children

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Débora Cattoni ◽  
◽  
Fernanda Fernandes ◽  
Renata Di Francesco ◽  
Maria Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Mouth Breathing ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Face

The anthropometric orofacial measurements of mouth-breathing children were compared to those of children with no history of speech-language disorders, according to age. Methods: 100 children participated, both males and females, with ages ranging from 7 to 11 years and 11 months, leukoderm, in mixed dentition period, with a mouth-breathing diagnosis. The control group was comprised of 254 children, of both sexes, with ages ranging from 7 to 11 years and 11 months, leukoderm, in mixed dentition period, with no history of speech-language disorders. Results: The control group did not demonstrate any mouth-breathing. The children were submitted to anthropometric assessment and the orofacial measurements obtained were upper lip, lower lip, philtrum, upper face, middle face, lower face, and sides of the face. The instrument used was the electronic digital sliding caliper Starrett Series 727. There was statistically significant difference between the majority of the orofacial measurements of mouth-breathing children and the measurements of children with no history of speech-language disorders. Some orofacial measurements were different in the studied populations. Conclusion: The possibility of comparing orofacial measurements of children with and without mouth-breathing behavior allows the clinician to determine normal and altered structures of the orofacial morphology. The main advantages of the anthropometry are its noninvasive nature, its technological simplicity, low cost and objective analysis. The anthropometric procedures also have clinical applications in myofunctional assessment and therapy.

scholarly journals The Importance of Right Otitis Media in Childhood Language Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulino Uclés ◽  
María Francisca Alonso ◽  
Elena Aznar ◽  
Carlos Lapresta
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Auditory Evoked Responses ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Causative Effect ◽  
Exclusive Right

Studies relating chronic otitis media and language disorders in children have not reported consistent findings. We carried out the first selective study aimed at discerning the role of chronic right otitis media in children less than 3 years of age in language development. A total of 35 children were studied using a full linguistic protocol, auditory brainstem responses, and middle latency responses. Twelve children had a history of chronic exclusive right otitis media. Seventeen age-matched children were selected as controls. Also, three children having a history of chronic left otitis media were compared with three age-matched controls. Linguistic tests showed significant differences between patients and controls in phonetic, phonological, and syntax scores but not semantics. Correlation studies between linguistic scores and auditory evoked responses in the whole cohort showed a significant coefficient in phonetic and phonological domains. These results emphasize the causative effect of right ear chronic otitis media and indicate that it mainly impairs phonetic and phonological coding of sounds, which may have implications for prophylactic treatment of at-risk children.

scholarly journals Risk factors identification in children with speech disorders: pilot study

CoDAS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Martins Duarte Silva ◽  
Maria Ines Vieira Couto ◽  
Daniela Regina Molini-Avejonas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
History Of ◽  
Speech And Language Development ◽  
Speech And Language Disorders ◽  
The City

PURPOSE: To identify the main risk factors related to children and their parents, associated with speech and language disorders. METHODS: A prospective descriptive study conducted with 170 children and their parents assisted at a school clinic in the period between March 2010 and July 2012. A protocol was developed for this study in order to identify risk factors for language and speech disorders. Data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics by the Χ2 and Student' s t-test . RESULTS: The demographic profile is composed of male children aged between 4 and 5 years old, ethnicity declared by parents as being white, residents of the western region of the city of São Paulo, and whose parents had completed high school. The factors related to family and considered as risks for language impairment were being an only child and having a family history of speech and language disorders. As for the children' s health, prematurity, hospitalization for a long period, and the presence of deleterious oral habits were also considered as risk factors. CONCLUSION: The protocol allows establishing the main risk factors related to children with speech and language disorders. It is suggested that children who present with one or more of the aforementioned risk factors should be regularly monitored for speech and language development and, if necessary, referred for early intervention.

Spoken Language and Written Expression—Interplay of Delays

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Lewis ◽  
Becky O’Donnell ◽  
Lisa A. Freebairn ◽  
H. Gerry Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Language Disorders ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Written Expression ◽  
School Age ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
History Of

Children with histories of early phonology disorders were assessed at school age for both spoken language and written expression skills. Results showed that children with a history of a phonology disorder performed more poorly on writing tasks than siblings developing normally. Children with histories of phonology disorders + additional language disorders performed more poorly on writing tasks than children with histories of phonology disorders alone. Spoken language abilities, as measured by the CELF-R, best predicted written expression skills for both groups of children with phonology disorders. However, measures of the semantic and syntactic capacity of spoken language abilities did not correlate with corresponding aspects of written expression.

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