Does physical activity influence the association between depressive symptoms and low-grade inflammation in adults? A study of 8,048 adults

Inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of the most common chronic non-communicable diseases and may also play an important initiating role in their development. Only recently have inflammatory markers been included in epidemiological studies focusing on nutritional status, body composition and physical activity. We are just starting to understand how different lifestyles can determine basal levels of inflammatory biomarkers in early ages. This review aims to summarise what is known about the relationships between lifestyle-related determinants (focusing on overweight, physical activity and dietary habits) and inflammatory markers in apparently healthy young populations. Obesity is the most widely studied determinant. Several large-scale studies have now demonstrated that healthy young subjects with more body fat or higher BMI have moderately higher concentrations of inflammatory markers than their leaner peers, supporting the idea that obesity should be considered as a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Less data is available to allow us to elucidate how physical activity/fitness or dietary patterns may have a direct effect on inflammation in apparently healthy, disease-free young populations.

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Longitudinal Relationship of Low Leisure Satisfaction but not Depressive Symptoms With Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation in Dementia Caregivers

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbt020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 397-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

R. von Kanel ◽

B. T. Mausbach ◽

P. J. Mills ◽

J. E. Dimsdale ◽

T. L. Patterson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Low Grade ◽

Leisure Satisfaction ◽

Dementia Caregivers ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Low Grade Inflammation

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Low-grade inflammation and depressive symptoms as predictors of abdominal obesity

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/1403494812461730 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 674-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Maarit K. Valtonen ◽

David E. Laaksonen ◽

Jari A. Laukkanen ◽

Tommi Tolmunen ◽

Heimo Viinamäki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Abdominal Obesity ◽

Low Grade ◽

Low Grade Inflammation

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Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665110001928 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 400-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Julia Wärnberg ◽

Karen Cunningham ◽

Javier Romeo ◽

Ascension Marcos

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

The Body ◽

Low Grade ◽

Type Ii ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Physically Active ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Physical Activity And Exercise ◽

Low Grade Inflammation

Prospective studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the most common chronic diseases and in particular CVD. Obesity has repeatedly been associated with moderately raised levels of inflammation, and this observation has led to the view that obesity is characterised by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. There is now great interest in elucidating how physical activity and exercise modulate inflammation. This review summarises the current research addressing the influence of physical activity and exercise in mitigating the risks of obesity and diseases such as type-II diabetes and CVD, through its action on the low-grade inflammatory state. Most research on this topic hypothesised that the association between physical activity and inflammatory markers is independent of fatness, but very few studies have proven this. Given that physical activity and obesity are often inversely related, it is not clear as to whether the anti-inflammatory health benefits of a physically active lifestyle are due to exercise per se or result from favourable changes in the body composition.

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