A low omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) diet increases omega-3 (n-3) long chain PUFA status in plasma phospholipids in humans

AbstractLong-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (LCPUFA) is essential throughout pregnancy, since deficiency of LPUFA may linked to obstetrical complications. This study aimed to investigate LCPUFA status in severe preeclampsia and preterm birth. A cross sectional study was conducted in 104 pregnant women, which divided into normal pregnancy, severe preeclampsia and preterm birth groups. Serum percentage and concentration of total LCPUFA, omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), omega-6, linoleic acid (LA), and arachidonic acid (AA) were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Severe preeclampsia showed the highest concentration of total PUFA and the lowest DHA percentage, with significantly higher Omega-6/Omega-3 ratio (p = 0.004) and lower omega-3 index (p < 0.002) compared to control. Preterm birth showed the least omega-3 concentrations, with significantly low omega-6 derivates (LA (p = 0.014) and AA (p = 0.025)) compared to control. LCPUFA parameters have shown to increase the risk in both conditions, particularly ALA ≤ 53 µmol/L in preeclampsia with OR 5.44, 95%CI 1.16–25.42 and preterm birth with OR 4.68, 95%CI 1.52–14.38. These findings suggest that severe preeclampsia and preterm birth have an imbalance in LCPUFA status.

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Suitability of Novel Algal Biomass as Fish Feed: Accumulation and Distribution of Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid in Zebrafish

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12010-018-2906-0 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 188 (1) ◽

pp. 112-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Avinesh R. Byreddy ◽

Prusothman Yoganantharjah ◽

Adarsha Gupta ◽

Yann Gibert ◽

Munish Puri

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Algal Biomass ◽

Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Fish Feed ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Long Chain

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Karakteristik dan Profil Asam Lemak Kombinasi Minyak Ikan Patin dan Minyak Hati Ikan Hiu

Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia ◽

10.17844/jphpi.v24i1.33821 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 122-130

Author(s):

M Lamudin Noor ◽

Andarini Diharmi ◽

Rahman Karnila

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Omega 6

Minyak ikan patin mengandung kadar asam lemak omega-9, tetapi rendah asam lemak omega 3 Minyak hati ikan hiu memiliki kandungan asam lemak omega 3 relatif tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik dan sifat kimia minyak ikan patin dan profil asam lemak kombinasi minyak ikan patin dengan hati kan hiu. Metode penelitian eksperimen dengan melakukan ekstraksi lemak perut ikan patin secara dry rendering dihasilkan minyak kasar dan dimurnikan. Minyak ikan patin murni dilakukan pencampuran dengan minyak hati ikan hiu. dengan perbandingan 1:1, 2:1 dan 2:1. Parameter analisis terdiri atas karakteristik kimia (bilangan asam lemak bebas (ALB),bilangan asam, peroksida, iod, p-anisidin, penyabunan, total oksida/totox), dan profil asam lemak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi minyak patin dan hati ikan hiu dihasilkan karakteristik kimia terdiri atas asam lemak bebas sebesar 1,59-2,19%, bilangan asam 2,86-3,00 mg KOH/g, peroksida 15,50-18,32 meq/kg, iod 63,46-84,42 gI2/100g), p-anisidin 21,53-24,16, penyabunan 142,21-162,28 mg KOH/g dan TOTOX 53,33-69,43. Hasil analisis komposisi asam lemak jenuh (saturated fatty acid/SAFA) dihasilkan asam palmitat tertinggi, asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal (mono unsaturated fatty acid/MUFA) asam oleat, dan asam lemak tak jenuh ganda (polyunsaturated fatty acid/PUFA) asam linoleat. Hasil analisis karakteristik kimia kombinasi minyak ikan patin dan hati ikan hiu sesuai dengan standar IFOMA. Kombinasi minyak hati ikan hiu dan ikan patin dengan perbandingan (2:1) dihasilkan kandungan omega 3 dan omega 6 sebesar 2,59 % dan 29,75%.

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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Dependent inductions of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism act inversely on tumor progression

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-64146-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Huerta-Yepez ◽

Ana Tirado-Rodriguez ◽

Mayra R. Montecillo-Aguado ◽

Jun Yang ◽

Bruce D. Hammock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Tumor Progression ◽

Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽

Acid Metabolism ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽

Omega 6

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Bioavailability of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched luncheon meats

Nutrition & Dietetics ◽

10.1111/j.1747-0080.2005.00021.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 130-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dianne H. Volker ◽

Xingying Weng ◽

Paul Quaggiotto

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Long Chain

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Having Your Omega 3 Fatty Acids and Eating Them Too: Strategies to Ensure and Improve the Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content of Farm-Raised Fish

Omega-6/3 Fatty Acids ◽

10.1007/978-1-62703-215-5_17 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 319-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jesse T. Trushenski ◽

John C. Bowzer

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content ◽

Long Chain

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Taking the short- or long-chain route: conversion efficiency of alpha linolenic acid to long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in aerial insectivore chicks

10.1101/155499 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Cornelia W. Twining ◽

Peter Lawrence ◽

David W. Winkler ◽

Alexander S. Flecker ◽

J. Thomas Brenna

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Aquatic Insects ◽

Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Tree Swallows ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Aerial Insectivores ◽

Terrestrial Insects ◽

Long Chain

AbstractFood availability and quality are both critical for growing young animals. In nature, swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) and other aerial insectivores feed on both aquatic insects, which are rich in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) and terrestrial insects, which contain considerably less LCPUFA. Carnivorous mammals and fishes must obtain LCPUFA from diet, as they have lost the capacity to convert the precursor omega-3 ALA into LCPUFA. Thus, the relative value of aquatic versus terrestrial insects depends not only on the fatty acid composition of the prey, but also upon the capacity of consumers to convert ALA into LCPUFA. We used a combination of stable-isotope-labeled fatty acid tracers to ask if, and how efficiently, Tree Swallows can deposit newly synthesized LCPUFA into tissue. Our data show for the first time that Tree Swallows can convert ALA into LCPUFA deposited in liver and skeletal muscle. However, high Tree Swallow demand for LCPUFA combined with low ALA availability in natural terrestrial foods may strain their modest conversion ability. This suggests that while Tree Swallows can synthesize LCPUFA de novo, LCPUFA are ecologically essential nutrients in natural systems. Our findings thus provide mechanistic support for our previous findings and the importance of LCPUFA-rich aquatic insects for Tree Swallows and most likely other aerial insectivores with similar niches.Summary StatementA stable-isotope-labeled tracer reveals the mechanism for omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) limitation in a wild avian insectivore, showing that LCPUFA are an ecologically essential nutrient.

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