Effect of maturity and cold storage on ethylene biosynthesis and ripening in ‘Bartlett’ pears treated after harvest with 1-MCP

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max G. Villalobos-Acuña ◽  
William V. Biasi ◽  
Sylvia Flores ◽  
Cai-Zhong Jiang ◽  
Michael S. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis

scholarly journals 1-Methylcyclopropene Application and Modified Atmosphere Packaging Affect Ethylene Biosynthesis, Fruit Softening, and Quality of ‘Tegan Blue’ Japanese Plum During Cold Storage

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Sattar Khan ◽  
Zora Singh
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Modified Atmosphere Packaging ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Japanese Plum ◽  
Acc Content

This research was carried out to extend the postharvest storage of japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl. cv. Tegan Blue), which has a short shelf life limiting its export potential. The effects of 1.0 μL·L−1 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), alone or in combination, on quality of mature japanese plum fruit during storage (0 ± 1 °C and 90% ± 5% relative humidity) were investigated. The activities of enzymes of ethylene biosynthesis [1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content] and those of cell wall-associated enzymes [exo-polygalacturonase (exo-PG), endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG), pectin esterase (PE), and endo-1,4-β-D-glucanase (EGase)] were also measured. 1-MCP-treated fruit stored in normal atmosphere or in MAP had lower ACC content and inhibited ethylene production with reduced ACS and ACO activities compared with fruit stored in MAP and in normal atmosphere. Similarly, 1-MCP-treated fruit, stored either in normal atmosphere or in MAP, were firmer with reduced exo-PG, endo-PG, PE, and EGase activities compared with fruit stored in MAP and in normal atmosphere. During storage as well as during ripening, fruit stored in MAP exhibited a higher rate of respiration compared with other treatments. MAP exacerbated the effect of 1-MCP in reduction of ethylene production and fruit softening. 1-MCP application in combination with MAP after 5 and 7 weeks of storage delayed the fruit ripening by 10 and 8 days in contrast with control fruit, respectively. During storage, and as well as in ripe fruit, weight loss was reduced in fruit stored in MAP either with or without 1-MCP application. Control fruit and 1-MCP-treated fruit, stored in a normal atmosphere or in MAP, had the same values for the following parameters: chromaticity value L*, C*, and hue angle, titratable acidity, and concentrations of soluble solids, ascorbic acid, and total antioxidants. In conclusion, 1-MCP application in combination with MAP can be used effectively to reduce the ethylene biosynthesis and fruit softening during cold storage and to extend the storage life up to 7 weeks followed by 8 d of ripening without any adverse effects on the quality of ripe fruit.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Reveal the Mechanism of Ethylene Production in Stony Hard Peach Fruit during Cold Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11308
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Li Deng ◽  
Junren Meng ◽  
Liang Niu ◽  
Lei Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
Stony Hard

Stony hard (SH) peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) fruit does not release ethylene and has very firm and crisp flesh at ripening, both on- and off-tree. Long-term cold storage can induce ethylene production and a serious risk of chilling injury in SH peach fruit; however, the regulatory mechanism underlying ethylene production in stony hard peach is relatively unclear. In this study, we analyzed the phytohormone levels, fruit firmness, transcriptome, and lipidome changes in SH peach ‘Zhongtao 9’ (CP9) during cold storage (4 °C). The expression level of the ethylene biosynthesis gene PpACS1 and the content of ethylene in SH peach fruit were found to be upregulated during cold storage. A peak in ABA release was observed before the release of ethylene and the genes involved in ABA biosynthesis and degradation, such as zeaxanthin epoxidase (ZEP) and 8’-hydroxylase (CYP707A) genes, were specifically induced in response to low temperatures. Fruit firmness decreased fairly slowly during the first 20 d of refrigeration, followed by a sharp decline. Furthermore, the expression level of genes encoding cell wall metabolic enzymes, such as polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, expansin, galactosidase, and β-galactosidase, were upregulated only upon refrigeration, as correlated with the decrease in fruit firmness. Lipids belonging to 23 sub-classes underwent differential rearrangement during cold storage, especially ceramide (Cer), monoglycosylceramide (CerG1), phosphatidic acid (PA), and diacyglyceride (DG), which may eventually lead to ethylene production. Exogenous PC treatment provoked a higher rate of ethylene production. We suspected that the abnormal metabolism of ABA and cell membrane lipids promotes the production of ethylene under low temperature conditions, causing the fruit to soften. In addition, ERF transcription factors also play an important role in regulating lipid, hormone, and cell wall metabolism during long-term cold storage. Overall, the results of this study give us a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of ethylene biosynthesis during the postharvest storage of SH peach fruit under low-temperature conditions.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Pretreatment and Cold Storage Synergistically Delay Tomato Ripening through Transcriptional Change in Ethylene-Related Genes and Respiration-Related Metabolism

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Me-Hea Park ◽  
Sun-Ju Kim ◽  
Jung-Soo Lee ◽  
Yoon-Pyo Hong ◽  
Seung-Hun Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Ethylene Signaling ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Transcriptional Change ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Tomato Quality ◽  
Ethylene Responsive Factor ◽  
Co2 Treatment

The effects of CO2 pretreatment before cold storage on tomato quality were investigated using physicochemical and transcriptome changes. Harvested tomatoes were treated with 30% or 60% CO2 for 3 h before storage at 4 °C for 14 d (cold storage), followed by transfer to 20 °C for 8 d (ambient conditions). The CO2-treated fruits were firmer with a better appearance than untreated fruits, even after being transferred from 4 °C storage to 20 °C for 8 d. CO2 pretreatment coupled with cold storage synergistically delayed tomato ripening by reducing respiration and lowering lycopene production. The tomatoes treated with 30% and 60% CO2 had fewer pits than untreated fruits after cold storage, even after being transferred to ambient conditions. Moreover, the 60% CO2 treatment significantly suppressed the decay rate. Transcriptome and metabolome functional enrichment analyses commonly showed the involvement of CO2-responsive genes or metabolites in sucrose and starch metabolism, as well as biosynthesis of secondary metabolites—in particular, glycolysis reduction. The most frequently detected domain was the ethylene-responsive factor. These results indicate that altered ethylene biosynthesis and ethylene signaling, via ethylene-responsive transcription factors and respiration-related pathways, appear to control CO2-induced fruit quality.

scholarly journals Cold Storage Duration Influences Ethylene Biosynthesis and Ripening of `Bartlett' Pears

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Tayfun Agar ◽  
William V. Biasi ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Ethylene Treatment

Ripening behavior of `Bartlett' pears (Pyrus communis L.), with or without ethylene (C2H4) treatment, was assessed at harvest, and after 2, 4, 6 and 12 weeks of cold storage at –1 °C. Fruit exhibited increasing rates of C2H4 production and consequently faster ripening rates with increased length of cold storage. Ripening characteristics were influenced by storage duration, but to different degrees. The data indicate that the threshold C2H4 concentration for softening may be lower than that for color change from green to yellow. Ethylene treatment for 24 h at harvest resulted in a rate of ripening equivalent to that following cold storage for 2 to 4 weeks, depending on the orchard location. Storage for 12 weeks significantly increased C2H4 production upon transfer to ambient temperature, indicating that fruit were reaching the end of their storage life. `Bartlett' pears may ripen to a firmness of 14 N (ready to eat) at 20 °C within 2.5 to 7 days depending upon the duration of prior cold storage.

scholarly journals Preharvest Application of Chitosan Improves the Postharvest Life of ‘Garmrok’ Kiwifruit through the Modulation of Genes Related to Ethylene Biosynthesis, Cell Wall Modification and Lignin Metabolism

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
H. M. Prathibhani C. Kumarihami ◽  
Jin Gook Kim ◽  
Yun-Hee Kim ◽  
Mockhee Lee ◽  
Young-Suk Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Cell Wall Modification ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Postharvest Life ◽  
Lignin Metabolism

The influence of the preharvest application of chitosan on physicochemical properties and changes in gene expression of ‘Garmrok’ kiwifruit during postharvest cold storage (0 °C; RH 90–95%; 90 days) was investigated. Preharvest treatment of chitosan increased the fruit weight but had no significant effect on fruit size. The chitosan treatment suppressed the ethylene production and respiration rate of kiwifruit during the cold storage. The reduction of ethylene production of chitosan-treated kiwifruit was accompanied with the suppressed expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes. Moreover, preharvest application of chitosan diminished weight loss and delayed the changes in physicochemical properties that include firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, total sugars, total acids, total phenols, and total lignin. As a result, the preharvest application of chitosan delayed the maturation and ripening of fruit. Expression of genes related to cell wall modification was down-regulated during the early maturation (ripening) period, while those related to gene expression for lignin metabolism were up-regulated at the later stages of ripening. These results demonstrate that the preharvest application of chitosan maintained the fruit quality and extends the postharvest life of ‘Garmrok’ kiwifruit, possibly through the modulation of genes related to ethylene biosynthesis, cell wall modification, and lignin metabolism.

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