Changes over-time in blood pressure of women with preeclampsia compared to those with normotensive pregnancies: A 15 year population-based cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Amiri ◽  
Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani ◽  
Maryam Rahmati ◽  
Samira Behboudi-Gandevani ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Have associations between mental health and health related behaviours changed between 2005 and 2015? A population based cross-cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne H. Gage ◽  
Praveetha Patalay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Weight Perception ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study ◽  
Over Time

AbstractBackgroundPoor adolescent mental health is a growing concern over recent decades with evidence of increasing internalising mental health problems corresponding with decrease in anti-social, smoking and alcohol behaviours. However, understanding whether and how the associations between mental health and health-related behaviours such as substance use, anti-social behaviour and obesity have changed over time is less well-understood.ObjectivesWe investigate whether the associations between different health-related outcomes in adolescence are stable or changing over time in two recent cohorts of adolescents born ten years apart.MethodData from two UK birth cohort studies, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, born 1991-92, N=5627, 50.7% female) and Millennium Cohort Study (MCS, born 2000-1, N=11318, 50.6% female) at age 14 sweeps are used. The health outcomes of focus are depressive symptom score, substance use (alcohol, smoking, cannabis and other drugs), antisocial behaviours (assault, graffiti, vandalism, shoplifting and rowdy behaviour), weight (BMI), weight perception (perceive self as overweight) and sexual activity (had sexual intercourse).ResultsOur results suggest although directions of associations between mental-health and health-related behaviours (eg smoking) are similar over time, their strength across the distribution has changed. While smoking and alcohol use behaviours are decreasing in adolescents, those that endorse these behaviours in 2015 are more likely to have co-occurring mental-health and other problems than those born in 2005. Similarly, higher body mass index is more strongly associated with depressive symptoms in 2015.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that associations between these factors has changed over time, which has implications for public health and our understanding of the mechanisms underlying their observed associations in the population.

scholarly journals Temporal Trends in Surgical Resection Rates and Biologic Prescribing in Crohn’s Disease: A Population-based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1241-1247
Author(s):  
P W Jenkinson ◽  
N Plevris ◽  
S Siakavellas ◽  
M Lyons ◽  
I D Arnott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Biologic Therapy ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background The use of biologic therapy for Crohn’s disease [CD] continues to evolve, however, the effect of this on the requirement for surgery remains unclear. We assessed changes in biologic prescription and surgery over time in a population-based cohort. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of all 1753 patients diagnosed with CD in Lothian, Scotland, between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2017, reviewing the electronic health record of each patient to identify all CD-related surgery and biologic prescription. Cumulative probability and hazard ratios for surgery and biologic prescription from diagnosis were calculated and compared using the log-rank test and Cox regression analysis stratified by year of diagnosis into cohorts. Results The 5-year cumulative risk of surgery was 20.4% in cohort 1 [2000–2004],18.3% in cohort 2 [2005–2008], 14.7% in cohort 3 [2009–2013], and 13.0% in cohort 4 [2014–2017] p <0.001. The 5-year cumulative risk of biologic prescription was 5.7% in cohort 1, 12.2% in cohort 2, 22.0% in cohort 3, and 44.9% in cohort 4 p <0.001. Conclusions The increased and earlier use of biologic therapy in CD patients corresponded with a decreasing requirement for surgery over time within our cohort. This could mean that adopting a top-down or accelerated step-up treatment strategy may be effective at reducing the requirement for surgery in newly diagnosed CD.

scholarly journals Evolution of impulsive–compulsive behaviors and cognition in Parkinson’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 267 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Aleksander H. Erga ◽  
Guido Alves ◽  
Ole Bjørn Tysnes ◽  
Kenn Freddy Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Compulsive Behaviors ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The longitudinal course of ICBs in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) relative to controls has not been explored as of yet. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency, evolution and associated cognitive and clinical features of impulsive and compulsive behaviors (ICBs) over 4 years of prospective follow-up in a population-based cohort with early Parkinson’s disease (PD). We recruited 124 cognitively intact participants with early PD and 156 matched controls from the Norwegian ParkWest study. ICBs were assessed using the self-report short form version of the Questionnaire for Impulsive–Compulsive Disorders in PD. Cognitive changes were examined in PwP with and without ICBs who completed the 4-year follow-up. Generalized linear mixed modelling and mixed linear regression were used to analyze clinical factors and cognitive changes associated with ICBs in PwP over time. ICBs were more common in PwP than controls at all visits, with an age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) varying between 2.5 (95% CI 1.1–5.6; p = 0.022) and 5.1 (95% CI 2.4–11.0; p < 0.001). The 4-year cumulative frequency of ICBs in PwP was 46.8% and 23.3% developed incident ICBs during the study period, but the presence of ICBs was non-persistent in nearly 30%. ICBs were independently associated with younger age (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–0.99: p = 0.008) and use of dopamine agonist (OR 4.1, 95% CI 1.56–10.69). Cognitive changes over time did not differ between patients with and without ICBs. In conclusion, ICBs are common in PwP, but are often non-persistent and not associated with greater cognitive impairment over time.

scholarly journals Implications of parental lifestyle changes and education level on adolescent offspring weight: a population based cohort study - The HUNT Study, Norway

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e023406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit Naess ◽  
Erik R Sund ◽  
Turid Lingaas Holmen ◽  
Kirsti Kvaløy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveObesity tends to cluster in families reflecting both common genetics and shared lifestyle patterns within the family environment. The aim of this study was to examine whether parental lifestyle changes over time, exemplified by changes in weight and physical activity, could affect offspring weight in adolescents and if parental education level influenced the relationship.Design, setting and participantsThe population-based cohort study included 4424 parent-offspring participants from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, Norway. Exposition was parental change in weight and physical activity over 11 years, and outcome was offspring weight measured in z-scores of body mass index (BMI) in mixed linear models.ResultsMaternal weight reduction by 2–6 kg was significantly associated with lower offspring BMI z-scores: −0.132 (95% CI −0.259 to −0.004) in the model adjusted for education. Parental weight change displayed similar effect patterns on offspring weight regardless of parents’ education level. Further, BMI was consistently lower in families of high education compared with low education in the fully adjusted models. In mothers, reduced physical activity level over time was associated with higher BMI z-scores in offspring: 0.159 (95% CI 0.030 to 0.288). Associations between physical activity change and adolescent BMI was not moderated by parental education levels.ConclusionLifestyle changes in mothers were associated with offspring BMI; reduced weight with lower—and reduced physical activity with higher BMI. Father’s lifestyle changes, however, did not significantly affect adolescent offspring’s weight. Overall, patterns of association between parental changes and offspring’s BMI were independent of parental education levels, though adolescents with parents with high education had lower weight in general.

Incidence of fractures and changes over time among the aged in a Finnish municipality: a population-based 12-year follow-up

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarit Piirtola ◽  
Tero Vahlberg ◽  
Raimo Isoaho ◽  
Pertti Aarnio ◽  
Sirkka-Liisa Kivelä
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Effect of Achieved Systolic Blood Pressure on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Yuk Fai Wan ◽  
Esther Yee Tak Yu ◽  
Weng Yee Chin ◽  
Colman Siu Cheung Fung ◽  
Daniel Yee Tak Fong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes

scholarly journals Associations between attainment of incentivized primary care indicators and incident lower limb amputation among those with type 2 diabetes: a population-based historical cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e002069
Author(s):  
Laura H Gunn ◽  
Eszter P Vamos ◽  
Azeem Majeed ◽  
Pasha Normahani ◽  
Usman Jaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lower Limb Amputation ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Limb Amputation

IntroductionEngland has invested considerably in diabetes care through such programs as the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) and National Diabetes Audit (NDA). Associations between program indicators and clinical endpoints, such as amputation, remain unclear. We examined associations between primary care indicators and incident lower limb amputation.Research design and methodsThis population-based retrospective cohort study, spanning 2010–2017, was comprised of adults in England with type 2 diabetes and no history of lower limb amputation. Exposures at baseline (2010–2011) were attainment of QOF glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure and total cholesterol indicators, and number of NDA processes completed. Propensity score matching was performed and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for disease-related, comorbidity, lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors, were fitted using matched samples for each exposure.Results83 688 individuals from 330 English primary care practices were included. Mean follow-up was 3.9 (SD 2.0) years, and 521 (0.6%) minor or major amputations were observed (1.62 per 1000 person-years). HbA1c and cholesterol indicator attainment were associated with considerably lower risks of minor or major amputation (adjusted HRs; 95% CIs) 0.61 (0.49 to 0.74; p<0.0001) and 0.67 (0.53 to 0.86; p=0.0017), respectively). No evidence of association between blood pressure indicator attainment and amputation was observed (adjusted HR 0.88 (0.73 to 1.06; p=0.1891)). Substantially lower amputation rates were observed among those completing a greater number of NDA care processes (adjusted HRs 0.45 (0.24 to 0.83; p=0.0106), 0.67 (0.47 to 0.97; p=0.0319), and 0.38 (0.20 to 0.70; p=0.0022) for comparisons of 4–6 vs 0–3, 7–9 vs 0–3, and 7–9 vs 4–6 processes, respectively). Results for major-only amputations were similar for HbA1c and blood pressure, though cholesterol indicator attainment was non-significant.ConclusionsComprehensive primary care-based secondary prevention may offer considerable protection against diabetes-related amputation. This has important implications for diabetes management and medical decision-making for patients, as well as type 2 diabetes quality improvement programs.

scholarly journals Subclinical hyperthyroidism and blood pressure in a population-based prospective cohort study

2009 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Völzke ◽  
Till Ittermann ◽  
Carsten O Schmidt ◽  
Marcus Dörr ◽  
Ulrich John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Pressure Pulse ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

ObjectivesThere is current controversy on the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and hypertension. Data from cohort studies have not been available yet. The present study was designed to longitudinally investigate possible associations of subclinical hyperthyroidism with blood pressure, pulse pressure and the risk of hypertension.MethodsWe used data from the population-based, prospective cohort Study of Health in Pomerania and included 2910 subjects (1469 women) aged 20–79 years with completed 5-year examination follow-up. Subjects with increased serum TSH levels or overt hyperthyroidism were excluded. Serum TSH levels below 0.25 mIU/l with free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine levels within the reference range were defined as subclinical hyperthyroidism. Blood pressure was measured according to standard methods.ResultsMultivariable analyses adjusted for age, sex, overweight, obesity, smoking status and time between the examinations did not reveal any statistically significant association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and any of the blood pressure-related variables in the whole study population. Although the 5-year hypertension incidence was higher in subjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism compared with those without (31.4 vs 19.2%; risk ratio 1.64; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17–2.28, P=0.006), both groups did not differ with respect to the risk of hypertension, after analyses were adjusted for confounders (relative risk 1.23, 95% CI 0.91–1.68, P=0.182). Analyses yielded similar results in subjects without thyroid disease and in those who took no antihypertensive medication.ConclusionSubclinical hyperthyroidism is not associated with changes in blood pressure, pulse pressure or incident hypertension.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document