Risk factors for bovine respiratory disease in Australian feedlot cattle: Use of a causal diagram-informed approach to estimate effects of animal mixing and movements before feedlot entry

Abstract Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading natural cause of death in US beef and dairy cattle, causing the annual loss of more than 1 million animals and financial losses in excess of $700 million. The multiple etiologies of BRD and its complex web of risk factors necessitate a herd-specific intervention plan for its prevention and control on dairies. Hence, a risk assessment is an important tool that producers and veterinarians can utilize for a comprehensive assessment of the management and host factors that predispose calves to BRD. The current study identifies the steps taken to develop the first BRD risk assessment tool and its components, namely the BRD risk factor questionnaire, the BRD scoring system, and a herd-specific BRD control and prevention plan. The risk factor questionnaire was designed to inquire on aspects of calf-rearing including management practices that affect calf health generally, and BRD specifically. The risk scores associated with each risk factor investigated in the questionnaire were estimated based on data from two observational studies. Producers can also estimate the prevalence of BRD in their calf herds using a smart phone or tablet application that facilitates selection of a true random sample of calves for scoring using the California BRD scoring system. Based on the risk factors identified, producers and herd veterinarians can then decide the management changes needed to mitigate the calf herd's risk for BRD. A follow-up risk assessment after a duration of time sufficient for exposure of a new cohort of calves to the management changes introduced in response to the risk assessment is recommended to monitor the prevalence of BRD.

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Assessment of pulmonary function test, acute phase proteins, cytokines and electrocardiographic changes in naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease of feedlot cattle calves

Benha Veterinary Medical Journal ◽

10.21608/bvmj.2019.16768.1089 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

mohammed ramadan ◽

Yassen Abdel-Raoof ◽

mohamed zeineldin ◽

Hossam Eldin El Attar ◽

abdelghany abdelghany ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Respiratory Disease ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Pulmonary Function Test ◽

Acute Phase Proteins ◽

Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Function Test ◽

Electrocardiographic Changes

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A systematic review and network meta-analysis of injectable antibiotic options for the control of bovine respiratory disease in the first 45 days post arrival at the feedlot

Animal Health Research Reviews ◽

10.1017/s1466252320000031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 163-181

Author(s):

A. M. O'Connor ◽

D. Hu ◽

S. C. Totton ◽

N. Scott ◽

C. B. Winder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Respiratory Disease ◽

Citation Index ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Bovine Respiratory Disease ◽

The United States ◽

Feedlot Cattle ◽

Freedom Of Information ◽

Biological Index

AbstractWe conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to determine the comparative efficacy of antibiotics used to control bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in beef cattle on feedlots. The information sources for the review were: MEDLINE®, MEDLINE In-Process and MEDLINE® Daily, AGRICOLA, Epub Ahead of Print, Cambridge Agricultural and Biological Index, Science Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science, the Proceedings of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, World Buiatrics Conference, and the United States Food and Drug Administration Freedom of Information New Animal Drug Applications summaries. The eligible population was weaned beef cattle raised in intensive systems. The interventions of interest were injectable antibiotics used at the time the cattle arrived at the feedlot. The outcome of interest was the diagnosis of BRD within 45 days of arrival at the feedlot. The network meta-analysis included data from 46 studies and 167 study arms identified in the review. The results suggest that macrolides are the most effective antibiotics for the reduction of BRD incidence. Injectable oxytetracycline effectively controlled BRD compared with no antibiotics; however, it was less effective than macrolide treatment. Because oxytetracycline is already commonly used to prevent, control, and treat BRD in groups of feedlot cattle, the use of injectable oxytetracycline for BRD control might have advantages from an antibiotic stewardship perspective.

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