Coupled fire dynamics and thermal response of complex building structures

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 2255-2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Prasad ◽  
Howard R. Baum
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Response ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Complex Building

scholarly journals COMPRESSED ELEMENTS WITH A VARIABLE IN LENGTH STIFFNESS EQUILIBRIUM FORM STABILITY DETERMINATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (53) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Shkurupiy ◽  
Pavlo Mytrofanov ◽  
Yuriy Davydenko ◽  
Muhlis Hajiyev
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Critical Load ◽  
Discrete Systems ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Stability Loss ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Displacement Method ◽  
Equilibrium Form ◽  
Stability Calculation ◽  
Complex Building

One of the most powerful modern methods of calculating complex building structures is the finite element method in theform of a displacement method for discrete systems, which involves the creation of a finite element model, that is, splittingthe structure into separate elements within each of which the functions of displacements and stresses are known. On the basisof the displacement method and the methods of iterations and half-division, an algorithm for stability calculation of the firstkind equilibrium form of compressed reinforced concrete columns with hinged fixing at the ends, considering the stiffnesschanging has been developed. The use of the above methods enables to determine the minimum critical load or stress at thefirst bifurcation and their stability loss corresponding form. The use of matrix forms contributes to simplification of high order stability loss equation. This approach enables to obtain the form of stability loss that corresponds to the critical load.

Creating Structural Analysis Model from IFC-Based Structural Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 901-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Zai Peng Cui ◽  
Qi Lin Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Information Gap ◽  
Information Transformation ◽  
Complex Building

In recent years, with the rapid development of the complex building structures, the lack of collaborative work platform for the information exchange between different disciplines results in the phenomenon of information gap and information isolated island. Realizing such a demand, a software was developed for supporting information transformation from IFC-format data model to structural model. In this paper, A case study was implemented to illustrate the method of structural model transformation, The results show that the software can extract the information of IFC structural model and form a corresponding structural model.

scholarly journals DESIGN REVISIONS OF COMPLEX BUILDING STRUCTURES: WORK EXPERIENCE IN LITHUANIA, LEGISLATIVE, ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ASPECTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Michail Samofalov ◽  
Vytautas Papinigis
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Text Documents ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Design Documentation ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Engineering Survey

This paper presents an engineering survey based on experience of the authors during design and expertise of complex building structures in period of 2000–2014. Legal, organizational and technical aspects in a procedure of changes in structural design documentation are investigated. Separate actions for implementing changes according to legislative documents in Lithuania in technical and working structural projects are presented by a general algorithm. Actual questions about sequence in proceeding with local and global analytical calculations during designing of complex structures and peculiarities of processing revised structural drawings and text documents are described in this paper. Relevance of the subject is illustrated by an example of a successful decision in solving common construction and design problems of an office building in Vilnius. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are given. This paper is an investigation of the considered problem and is designated for science researchers in civil engineering, educational and public organizations working with refinement of the design procedures and project documentation handling, and for practicing engineers.

scholarly journals FDS MODELING OF THE FIRE-PREVENTING EAVES EFFECTIVENESS TO PREVENT THE FIRE SPREADING ON FACADE OF HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
R. Yakovchuk ◽  
Ya. Ballo ◽  
A. Kuzyk ◽  
O. Kagitin ◽  
V. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Numerical Algorithms ◽  
Equation System ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
High Rise

Purpose. Applying FDS modelling to detect the influence of structural parameters of facade fire eaves, the effectiveness of fire prevention by vertical building structures in high-rise buildings.Methods. To calculate the temperature in the high-rise building model used Pyrosim computer system that serves as the user's shell application Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). This FDS system uses numerical algorithms to solve the complete Navier-Stokes differential equation system to determine temperature and other hazardous factors during a fire.Results. The results of FDS modelling during substantiation of constructive parameters of fire eaves, which protrude beyond the facade and located on the border of fire compartments along the contour of high-rise buildings with a nominal height of more than 73.5 m, are presented. Premises and substantiated the criteria for the destruction of external light openings (windows) as an integral factor in the spread of fire on the external vertical building structures of high-rise ПОЖЕЖНА БЕЗПЕКА40 Вісник ЛДУБЖД, №23, 2021buildings. A study of the effectiveness of the structural parameters of cornices and their impact on the effectiveness of fire prevention by vertical building structures under the same initial conditions of fire development. Constructed comparative dependences of distribution of temperatures of heating of a facade of the house. Also defined the duration of achievement of their critical values.Scientific novelty. The analysis of the data obtained as a result of FDS modelling under the same initial conditions and conclusions on the effectiveness of design parameters of fire facade cornices on the border of fire compartments and ways to further improve their design to prevent the spread of fire in high-rise buildings. These studies are aimed at their use by design institutions during the development of design parameters of fire eaves, which protrude beyond the facade and are located on the border of fire compartments along the contour of high-rise buildings, as well as to improve the regulatory framework for fire safety.

Numerical simulations of concealed residential sprinkler head activation time in a standard thermal response room test

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-111
Author(s):  
Charlie Hopkin ◽  
Michael Spearpoint
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Fire Dynamics Simulator ◽  
Time Index ◽  
Factor C

It is common for sprinkler heads in residential buildings to be of the concealed type. Key parameters for the thermal sensitivity of sprinkler heads are the response time index (m½s½) and conductivity factor (C factor, m½s−½). BS 9252:2011 and BS EN 12259-14:2020 outline test methods to determine whether sprinkler heads achieve adequate thermal sensitivity, stipulating that a room test be undertaken for concealed heads. In carrying out this test, neither the response time index nor C factor is defined. This paper uses computational modelling tools Fire Dynamics Simulator and B-RISK to simulate the room test. In running these simulations, maximum values for the ‘effective’ response time index and C factor needed to pass the room test can be estimated, assuming concealed heads can be represented as equivalent pendent heads. Initial deterministic simulations are used to calibrate results between Fire Dynamics Simulator and B-RISK. Monte Carlo modelling is then utilised within B-RISK, with variable parameters for the response time index and C factor (C), to estimate the relationship between the two parameters necessary to pass the room test. As a result, it is proposed that this relationship can be represented using a simple, empirical power law equation of response time index = 100 (5.4–C)2/3, where C < 5.4. Practical application: The results indicate that the minimum RTI and C factor values needed to pass the room test are greater than those needed to pass wind tunnel testing methods. In observing that equivalency is not demonstrated by the room test, and by defining the RTI/C factor relationship needed to pass the test, this paper provides fire safety engineers with amended values for concealed heads to be adopted in future assessments. In the absence of any detailed specification for sprinkler heads, it is recommended that an RTI of 290 m½s½ and a C factor of 0.5 m½s−½ may be applied.

scholarly journals Research on the End-Face Distribution of Rotational Molding Heating Gun Based on Numerical Simulation Method

Processes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Yongchun Yan ◽  
Lixin Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Wendong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Rotational Molding ◽  
Temperature Field Distribution ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Validation Experiment

The distribution of heating gun ends plays a decisive role in the sidewall properties of finished rotomolded products. To obtain the optimal distribution of the end face of a rotational molding heating gun, the temperature response of the end-face mold under heating gun heating was investigated, and an analysis method based on numerical simulation is proposed. The FDS (fire dynamics simulator) was used to construct a heating model of the heating gun, simulate and obtain a heatmap of the temperature field distribution of a heating gun of Φ30–70 mm, and determine the optimal diameter and heating distance of the heating gun. ANSYS was used to establish the thermal response model of the heat-affected mold, which was combined with the mold structure and thermophysical properties of steel. A temperature field distribution on the inner wall surface of Φ30, Φ50, and Φ70 mm heating guns when heating at each diameter of the end face was obtained and the distribution position of the end face of each diameter heating gun was determined. ANSYS was used to establish the thermal response model of the end-face mold and obtain the temperature field distribution of the inner wall surface of the end-face mold. The size of the heat-affected area of each diameter heating gun was combined, the end-face heating gun distribution was optimized, and the optimal heating gun end-face distribution was obtained. An experimental platform was built, and a validation experiment was set up. Through the analysis and processing of the data of three experiments, the temperature variation curve of each diameter on the inner surface of the end-face mold was obtained. We compare and analyze the simulation and experimental results to determine the feasibility of the FDS + ANSYS method and the correctness and accuracy of the simulation model and the results.

scholarly journals Complex urban dataset with multi-level sensors from highly diverse urban environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 642-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyong Jeong ◽  
Younggun Cho ◽  
Young-Sik Shin ◽  
Hyunchul Roh ◽  
Ayoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
Slam Algorithm ◽  
High Level ◽  
Map Data

The high diversity of urban environments, at both the inter and intra levels, poses challenges for robotics research. Such challenges include discrepancies in urban features between cities and the deterioration of sensor measurements within a city. With such diversity in consideration, this paper aims to provide Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and image data acquired in complex urban environments. In contrast to existing datasets, the presented dataset encapsulates various complex urban features and addresses the major issues of complex urban areas, such as unreliable and sporadic Global Positioning System (GPS) data, multi-lane roads, complex building structures, and the abundance of highly dynamic objects. This paper provides two types of LiDAR sensor data (2D and 3D) as well as navigation sensor data with commercial-level accuracy and high-level accuracy. In addition, two levels of sensor data are provided for the purpose of assisting in the complete validation of algorithms using consumer-grade sensors. A forward-facing stereo camera was utilized to capture visual images of the environment and the position information of the vehicle that was estimated through simultaneous localization mapping (SLAM) are offered as a baseline. This paper presents 3D map data generated by the SLAM algorithm in the LASer (LAS) format for a wide array of research purposes, and a file player and a data viewer have been made available via the Github webpage to allow researchers to conveniently utilize the data in a Robot Operating System (ROS) environment. The provided file player is capable of sequentially publishing large quantities of data, similar to the rosbag player. The dataset in its entirety can be found at http://irap.kaist.ac.kr/dataset .

scholarly journals A reliability analysis method for earthquake resistance of large complex building structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Yanjie Xiao ◽  
Xun'an Zhang ◽  
Ronggang Xue
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Surrogate Model ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Seismic Action ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Performance Function ◽  
Seismic Reliability ◽  
Reliability Calculation ◽  
Complex Building

The seismic reliability calculation of complex building structures requires a lot of simulation analysis and therefore the calculation cost is high. Fitting performance function with surrogate model can improve computational efficiency, but how to ensure the calculation accuracy while improving the reliability analysis efficiency of the engineering structure is a problem worthy of study. This paper proposes a Kriging-based reliability analysis method, which establishes the Kriging surrogate model with fewer calculations of the performance function, improves the accuracy of the surrogate model of performance function by infill-sampling, and obtains the approximate failure probability combined with Monte Carlo simulation. Two numerical examples are analyzed; the results show that this method is efficient and accurate. The method is applied to the seismic reliability calculation of mega-sub controlled structural system, in which the randomness of structure and seismic action is considered. The application results show that it is an effective method for reliability analysis of complex building structures.

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