Nested in the Chlorellales or Independent Class? Phylogeny and Classification of the Pedinophyceae (Viridiplantae) Revealed by Molecular Phylogenetic Analyses of Complete Nuclear and Plastid-encoded rRNA Operons

Protist ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birger Marin
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Tracing the origins of hybrids through history: monstrous cultivars and Napoléon Bonaparte’s exiled paper daisies (Asteraceae; Gnaphalieae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L Collins ◽  
Jeremy J Bruhl ◽  
Alexander N Schmidt-Lebuhn ◽  
Ian R H Telford ◽  
Rose L Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Napoleon Bonaparte ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
St Helena ◽  
New Evidence

Abstract Golden everlasting paper daisies (Xerochrysum, Gnaphalieae, Asteraceae) were some of the earliest Australian native plants to be cultivated in Europe. Reputedly a favourite of Napoléon Bonaparte and Empress Joséphine, X. bracteatum is thought to have been introduced to the island of St Helena in the South Atlantic during Napoléon’s exile there. Colourful cultivars were developed in the 1850s, and there is a widely held view that these were produced by crossing Xerochrysum with African or Asian Helichrysum spp. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses and subtribal classification of Gnaphalieae cast doubt on this idea. Using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, we looked for evidence of gene flow between modern cultivars, naturalized paper daisies from St Helena and four Xerochrysum spp. recorded in Europe in the 1800s. There was strong support for gene flow between cultivars and X. macranthum. Paper daisies from St Helena were genotypically congruent with X. bracteatum and showed no indications of ancestry from other species or from the cultivars, consistent with the continuous occurrence of naturalized paper daisies introduced by Joséphine and Napoléon. We also present new evidence for the origin of colourful Xerochrysum cultivars and hybridization of congeners in Europe from Australian collections.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and morphology of genus Nephrocytium (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 319 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
XUDONG LIU ◽  
HUAN ZHU ◽  
BENWEN LIU ◽  
GUOXIANG LIU ◽  
ZHENGYU HU
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

The genus Nephrocytium Nägeli is a common member of phytoplankton communities that has a distinctive morphology. Its taxonomic position is traditionally considered to be within the family Oocystaceae (Trebouxiophyceae). However, research on its ultrastructure is rare, and the phylogenetic position has not yet been determined. In this study, two strains of Nephrocytium, N. agardhianum Nägeli and N. limneticum (G.M.Smith) G.M.Smith, were identified and successfully cultured in the laboratory. Morphological inspection by light and electron microscopy and molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed to explore the taxonomic position. Ultrastructure implied a likely irregular network of dense and fine ribs on the surface of the daughter cell wall that resembled that of the genus Chromochloris Kol & Chodat (Chromochloridaceae). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Nephrocytium formed an independent lineage in the order Sphaeropleales (Chlorophyceae) with high support values and a close phylogenetic relationship with Chromochloris. Based on combined morphological, ultrastructural and phylogenetic data, we propose a re-classification of Nephrocytium into Sphaeropleales, sharing a close relationship with Chromochloris.

Molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological variation point to taxonomic problems among four genera of parasitoid doryctine wasps (Hymenoptera : Braconidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gebiola ◽  
Antonio P. Garonna ◽  
Umberto Bernardo ◽  
Sergey A. Belokobylskij
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Doryctinae (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) is a large and diverse subfamily of parasitic wasps that has received much attention recently, with new species and genera described and phylogenies based on morphological and/or molecular data that have improved higher-level classification and species delimitation. However, the status of several genera is still unresolved, if not controversial. Here we focus on two related groups of such genera, Dendrosoter Wesmael–Caenopachys Foerster and Ecphylus Foerster–Sycosoter Picard & Lichtenstein. We integrated morphological and molecular (COI and 28S–D2 genes) evidence to highlight, by phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood and Bayesian) and a posteriori morphological examination, previously overlooked variation, which is here illustrated and discussed. Monophyly of Dendrosoter and Caenopachys and the presence of synapomorphic morphological characters support synonymy of Caenopachys under Dendrosoter. Low genetic differentiation and high variability for putatively diagnostic morphological characters found in both C. hartigii (Ratzeburg) and C. caenopachoides (Ruschka) supports synonymy of D. caenopachoides under D. hartigii, syn. nov. Morphological and molecular evidence together also indicate independent generic status for Sycosoter, stat. rev., which is here resurrected. This work represents a further advancement in the framework of the ongoing effort to improve systematics and classification of the subfamily Doryctinae.

Phylogenetic Classification of Subtribe Castillejinae (Orobanchaceae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Tank ◽  
J. Mark Egger ◽  
Richard G. Olmstead
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Molecular Systematic ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Formal Classification ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Recent molecular systematic research has indicated the need for a revised circumscription of generic boundaries in subtribe Castillejinae (tribe Pedicularideae, Orobanchaceae). Based on a well-resolved and well-supported phylogenetic hypothesis, we present a formal reclassification of the major lineages comprising the Castillejinae. Prior to this treatment, subtribe Castillejinae included Castilleja (ca. 190 spp.), Cordylanthus (18 spp.), Orthocarpus (9 spp.), Triphysaria (5 spp.), and the monotypic genera Clevelandia and Ophiocephalus. In the classification presented here, Orthocarpus and Triphysaria retain their current circumscriptions, Castilleja is expanded to include Clevelandia and Ophiocephalus, and Cordylanthus is split into three genera; a key to the genera as they are recognized here is provided. Two new combinations, Castilleja beldingii and Castilleja ophiocephala, are proposed within the expanded Castilleja. The concept of Cordylanthus is restricted to the 13 species formerly recognized as subg. Cordylanthus, while subg. Dicranostegia and subg. Hemistegia are elevated to genus level (Dicranostegia and Chloropyron, respectively). We resurrect the generic name Chloropyron for the halophytes previously recognized as subg. Hemistegia. Five new combinations are proposed for Chloropyron (Chloropyron maritimum subsp. canescens, Chloropyron maritimum subsp. palustre, Chloropyron molle subsp. hispidum, Chloropyron palmatum, and Chloropyron tecopense). In addition to the formal classification, we provide phylogenetic clade definitions for Castillejinae, each of the genera, and two additional clades that are not assigned formal ranks. Morphological characteristics used to recognize traditional groups are evaluated, and synapomorphies are discussed. Finally, the current infrageneric classifications for Castilleja and Cordylanthus are evaluated in light of the recent molecular phylogenetic analyses.

Five new morphological types of virgulate and microcotylous xiphidiocercariae based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Shchenkov ◽  
S.A. Denisova ◽  
G.A. Kremnev ◽  
A.A. Dobrovolskij
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
First Time

Abstract The phylogenetic position of most xiphidiocercariae from subgroups Cercariae virgulae and Cercariae microcotylae remains unknown or unclear, even at the family level. In this paper, we studied the morphology and molecular phylogeny of 15 microcotylous and virgulate cercariae (11 new and four previously described ones). Based on morphological and molecular data, we suggested five distinct morphological types of xiphidiocercariae, which are a practical alternative to Cercariae virgulae and Cercariae microcotylae subgroups. Four of these types correspond to actual digenean taxa (Microphallidae, Lecithodendriidae, Pleurogenidae and Prosthogonimidae), while the fifth is represented by Cercaria nigrospora Wergun, 1957, which we classified on the basis of molecular data for the first time. We reassessed the relative importance of morphological characters used for the classification of virgulate and microcotylous cercariae, and discussed the main evolutionary trends within xiphidiocercariae. Now stylet cercariae can be reliably placed into several sub-taxa of Microphalloidea on the basis of their morphological features.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and morphological classification of Ophiocordyceps species on termites from Thailand

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 101-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanoksri Tasanathai ◽  
Wasana Noisripoom ◽  
Thanyarat Chaitika ◽  
Artit Khonsanit ◽  
Sasitorn Hasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Classification ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Seven new species occurring on termites are added to Ophiocordyceps – O.asiatica, O.brunneirubra, O.khokpasiensis, O.mosingtoensis, O.pseudocommunis, O.pseudorhizoidea and O.termiticola, based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence. O.brunneirubra possesses orange to reddish-brown immersed perithecia on cylindrical to clavate stromata. O.khokpasiensis, O.mosingtoensis and O.termiticola have pseudo-immersed perithecia while O.asiatica, O.pseudocommunis and O.pseudorhizoidea all possess superficial perithecia, reminiscent of O.communis and O.rhizoidea. Phylogenetic analyses based on a combined dataset comprising the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) and the largest subunit (LSU) of the ribosomal DNA, partial regions of the elongation factor 1-α (TEF) and the largest and second largest subunits for the RNA polymerase genes (RPB1, RPB2) strongly support the placement of these seven new species in Ophiocordyceps.

scholarly journals Phylogenomic analysis and revised classification of atypoid mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Mygalomorphae), with notes on arachnid ultraconserved element loci

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshal Hedin ◽  
Shahan Derkarabetian ◽  
Adan Alfaro ◽  
Martín J. Ramírez ◽  
Jason E. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Divergence Times ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Early Tertiary ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Probe Set

The atypoid mygalomorphs include spiders from three described families that build a diverse array of entrance web constructs, including funnel-and-sheet webs, purse webs, trapdoors, turrets and silken collars. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have generally supported the monophyly of Atypoidea, but prior studies have not sampled all relevant taxa. Here we generated a dataset of ultraconserved element loci for all described atypoid genera, including taxa (MecicobothriumandHexurella)key to understanding familial monophyly, divergence times, and patterns of entrance web evolution. We show that the conserved regions of the arachnid UCE probe set target exons, such that it should be possible to combine UCE and transcriptome datasets in arachnids. We also show that different UCE probes sometimes target the same protein, and under the matching parameters used here show that UCE alignments sometimes include non-orthologs. Using multiple curated phylogenomic matrices we recover a monophyletic Atypoidea, and reveal that the family Mecicobothriidae comprises four separate and divergent lineages. Fossil-calibrated divergence time analyses suggest ancient Triassic (or older) origins for several relictual atypoid lineages, with late Cretaceous/early Tertiary divergences within some genera indicating a high potential for cryptic species diversity. The ancestral entrance web construct for atypoids, and all mygalomorphs, is reconstructed as a funnel-and-sheet web.

scholarly journals Chemotaxonomic Study of Bostrychia spp. (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) Based on Their Mycosporine-Like Amino Acid Content

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3273
Author(s):  
Maria Orfanoudaki ◽  
Anja Hartmann ◽  
Mitsunobu Kamiya ◽  
John West ◽  
Markus Ganzera
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Chemotaxonomic Study

This study presents a chemotaxonomic investigation of the genus Bostrychia through the quantitation of the major mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). The presence of some cryptic species had been suggested in the B. moritziana/B. radicans complex and MAA-profiling in respective samples revealed different chemotypes within this species complex. Another possibly polyphyletic species is Bostrychia simpliciuscula; previous molecular phylogenetic analyses showed four genetic lineages within this species, one of which was recently distinguished as a new species. Phytochemical profiling of those samples used for DNA analyses revealed four different chemotypes, corresponding to the above four lineages and it supports the re-circumscription of the other three B. simpliciuscula lineages. Therefore, mycosporine-like amino acids are considered as suitable chemotaxonomic markers for the reassessment of the classification of B. simpliciuscula. The determination of the MAA patterns in these algae was possible after developing and validating a suitable high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method.

Molecular phylogeny and classification of Chelidurella Verhoeff, stat. restit. (Dermaptera: Forficulidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Markéta Kirstová ◽  
Robin Kundrata ◽  
Petr Kočárek
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Abstract We present herein the first phylogenetic analysis of the genus Chelidura and the taxonomic revision of the genus Chelidurella, stat. restit., based on DNA sequences. The results confirm the generic status of Chelidurella Verhoeff, 1902 and Mesochelidura Verhoeff, 1902, and they are removed from the synonymy with Chelidura and reinstated as valid genera. Many individual Chelidurella species are defined based on the combination of a few variable characters on the pygidium and forceps, and the systematics and phylogeny of this genus are unclear. The validity of most of the species is revisited here by molecular phylogenetic analyses, and individual morphological characters are evaluated for their relevance in the identification of all described species. We describe two new species to science, Chelidurella galvagnii Kirstová & Kočárek, sp. nov. from Austria, and C. pseudovignai Kočárek & Kirstová, sp. nov. from Italy and Austria; two species, C. guentheri Galvagni, 1994 and C. tatrica Chládek, 2017 are newly synonymized. Critical diagnostic characters are illustrated, and an identification key for males of Chelidurella is provided.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document