scholarly journals Inhibition of GCN2 alleviates hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress in obese mice: Involvement of NRF2 regulation

Redox Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 102224
Author(s):  
Juntao Yuan ◽  
Zhuoran Yu ◽  
Junling Gao ◽  
Kai Luo ◽  
Xiyue Shen ◽  
...  
2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (5) ◽  
pp. G1135-G1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Robertson ◽  
Isabelle Leclercq ◽  
Geoffrey C. Farrell

Oxidative stress is present in the liver of humans with steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and is a plausible mediator of cellular injury, inflammatory recruitment, and fibrogenesis. CYPs 2E1 and 4A are the microsomal oxidases involved with fatty acid oxidation. Both enzymes can reduce molecular oxygen to produce prooxidant species, which, if not countered efficiently by antioxidants, create oxidative stress. In this theme article, we present the evidence that, in the context of hepatic steatosis, CYPs 2E1 and 4A could generate the “second hit” of cellular injury, particularly when antioxidant reserves are depleted, and propose ways in which this could contribute to the pathogenesis of NASH.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aein Azarang ◽  
Omid Farshad ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Ommati ◽  
Akram Jamshidzadeh ◽  
Reza Heidari ◽  
...  

Background. Treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered one of the public health priorities in the past decade. So far, probiotics have represented promising results in controlling the signs and symptoms of NAFLD. However, attempts to find the ideal probiotic strain are still ongoing. The present study is designed to find the best strain amongst suitable probiotic strains according to their ability to ameliorate histopathological and oxidative stress biomarkers in hepatic steatosis-induced rats. Methods. Initially, four probiotics species, including Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus, L. casei, L. reuteri, and Bacillus coagulans, were cultured and prepared as a lyophilized powder for animals. The experiment lasted for fifty days. Initially, hepatic steatosis was induced by excessive ingestion of D-fructose in rats for eight weeks, followed by eight weeks of administering probiotics and D-fructose concurrently. Forty-two six-week-old male rats were alienated to different groups and were supplemented with different probiotics ( 1 ∗ 10 9   CFU in 500 mL drinking water). After eight weeks, blood and liver samples were taken for further evaluation, and plasma and oxidative stress markers corresponding to liver injuries were examined. Results. Administration of probiotics over eight weeks reversed hepatic and blood triglyceride concentration and blood glucose levels. Also, probiotics significantly suppressed markers of oxidative stress in the liver tissue. Conclusions. Although some of the single probiotic formulations were able to mitigate oxidative stress markers, mixtures of probiotics significantly ameliorated more symptoms in the NAFLD animals. This enhanced effect might be due to probiotics’ cumulative potential to maintain oxidative stress and deliver improved lipid profiles, liver function markers, and inflammatory markers.


2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1175
Author(s):  
Zachary Fricker ◽  
Allison Pedley ◽  
Joseph Massaro ◽  
Ramachandran Vasan ◽  
Udo Hoffmann ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (8) ◽  
pp. 721-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta B. Afonso ◽  
Pedro M. Rodrigues ◽  
Tânia Carvalho ◽  
Marta Caridade ◽  
Paula Borralho ◽  
...  

Focusing on regulated necrosis in the liver, this study demonstrates that necroptosis contributes to NAFLD pathogenesis in humans and in experimental murine models of hepatic steatosis and NASH. Further, it establishes the involvement of TNF-α and oxidative stress in necroptotic signalling in hepatocytes.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document