Salivary alpha amylase and cortisol levels in children with global developmental delay and their relation with the expectation of dental care and behavior during the intervention

Diabetes mellitus is referred to as non-communicable epidemic of the 21st century and the fight against diabetes is one of medical and social challenges. One of its complications is damage to periodontal tissues that is accompanied by tooth loss. Any removable denture is a foreign body being a stress factor for the oral cavity. The objective of the research was to study dynamic changes in the activity of stress factor indicators, namely salivary cortisol, glucose and alpha-amylase levels in diabetic patients after prosthodontic treatment with complete removable laminar dentures. Materials and Methods. For this study, patients at the age of 45 to 74 years were divided into two groups: Group I included 52 edentulous patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were treated with acrylic resin complete removable laminar dentures; Group II comprised 52 edentulous patients without endocrine pathology who were treated with acrylic resin complete removable laminar dentures as well. Saliva served as the study material. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine salivary cortisol levels. Glucose concentration in saliva was determined by a unified enzymatic method. Alpha-amylase activity was determined by the enzymatic colorimetric method. Results. According to the research results, before prosthodontic treatment, salivary cortisol levels of patients with diabetes mellitus were 2.4 times higher as compared to patients without somatic pathology. In phase I of adaptation to complete removable laminar dentures, in patients with diabetes mellitus, salivary cortisol concentration increased drastically by 1.4 times as compared to the indicator before prosthodontic treatment (5.61±0.83 ng/ml vs. 4.02±0.65 ng/ml, p<0.01), while in the group of patients without endocrine pathology, cortisol levels increased by 1.2 times; salivary glucose level of patients with diabetes mellitus increased by 1.3 times, while in patients without endocrine pathology, it increased by 1.1 times; in patients of Group I, salivary alpha-amylase levels increased by 1.2 times, while in patients of Group II, salivary alpha-amylase concentration increased by 1.05 times. Conclusions. In patients with diabetes mellitus, changes in saliva composition indicate a significant reduction in the adaptation mechanisms, that complicates and significantly prolongs the period of adaptation to complete removable laminar dentures.

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Salivary Alpha Amylase Enzyme and Salivary Cortisol Level in Depression after Treatment with Fluoxetine

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6278 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (T3) ◽

pp. 144-149

Author(s):

Andi Jayalangkara Tanra ◽

Hawaidah Madeali ◽

Mayamariska Sanusi ◽

Saidah Syamsuddin ◽

Sonny Teddy Lisal

Keyword(s):

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Depressive Disorders ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Antidepressant Drug ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Salivary Alpha Amylase ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

Salivary Cortisol Level ◽

Healthy Control ◽

Cortisol Levels

BACKGROUND: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and its end product cortisol have been extensively investigated in patients with depressive disorders for many years. Recently, salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) had emerged as a new biomarker with non-invasive and more convenience protocol for measuring sympathetic activity which were also associated with depression. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor is antidepressant drug extensively used to treat depression. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine whether decrease of sAA and salivary cortisol levels could be observed in subjects with depression who were treated by fluoxetine. METHODS: The total subjects were 25 depressed subjects and ten healthy controls. sAA was examined before therapy, and after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of fluoxetine administration using a portable cocorometer. Salivary cortisol was examined before therapy, after 4 and 6 weeks of fluoxetine administration with Elisa method. The therapeutic effect was assessed with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). RESULTS: sAA and cortisol levels were significantly decreased after fluoxetine administration (p < 0.001), followed by at least 50% reduction of HDRS scores after 6 weeks of fluoxetine administration. Levels of sAA and cortisol were higher in the depression group than in the healthy control. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of sAA levels can be used as a potential biomarker of therapeutic response in depressed patients in addition to salivary cortisol.

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Salivary Alpha-Amylase and Behavior Reaction in Acute Stress and the Impact of Tridimensional Personality

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - Oxygen Transport to Tissue XL ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_69 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 431-436 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lei Ma ◽

Jing Wan ◽

Xiaoyan Shen

Keyword(s):

Acute Stress ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Salivary Alpha Amylase ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Impact

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Assessment of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol as a pain related stress biomarker in dogs pre-and post-operation

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s12917-021-03114-2 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eun-Ha Kang ◽

Seol-Hee Park ◽

Ye-In Oh ◽

Kyoung-Won Seo

Keyword(s):

Pain Score ◽

Serum Cortisol ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Salivary Alpha Amylase ◽

Pain Scores ◽

High Pain Score ◽

Post Operation ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

Related Stress

Abstract Background The use of salivary biomarkers has garnered attention because the composition of saliva reflects the body’s physiological state. Saliva contains a wide range of components, including peptides, nucleic acids, electrolytes, enzymes, and hormones. It has been reported that salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol are biomarkers of stress related biomarker in diseased dogs; however, evaluation of salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol pre- and post- operation has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol levels in dogs before and after they underwent surgery and investigate the association between the salivary alpha-amylase and cortisol activity and pain intensity. For this purpose, a total of 35 dogs with disease-related pain undergoing orthopedic and soft tissue surgeries were recruited. Alpha-amylase and cortisol levels in the dogs’ saliva and serum were measured for each using a commercially available canine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, and physical examinations (measurement of heart rate and blood pressure) were performed. In addition, the dogs’ pre- and post-operative pain scores determined using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF) were evaluated. Results After surgery, there was a significant decrease in the dogs’ pain scores (0.4-fold for the CMPS-SF, p < 0.001) and serum cortisol levels (0.73-fold, p < 0.01). Based on their pre-operative CMPS-SF scores, the dogs were included in either a high-pain-score group or a low-pain-score group. After the dogs in the high-pain-score group underwent surgical intervention, there was a significant decrease in their CMPS-SF scores and levels of salivary alpha-amylase, serum alpha-amylase, and serum cortisol. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between salivary alpha-amylase levels and CMPS-SF scores in both the high- and low-pain-score groups. Conclusions The measurement of salivary alpha amylase can be considered an important non-invasive tool for the evaluation of pain-related stress in dogs.

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