scholarly journals The Role of Folk Dance in the Processes of Individual and Social Wellbeing: A Comparison with Other Popular Recreational Activities Through Models of Decision Theory and Game Theory

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 1750-1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Forcini ◽  
Antonio Maturo ◽  
Aldo G.S. Ventre
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Social Wellbeing

scholarly journals Rationality as the condition of individual rights in David Gauthier’s Morals by Agreement

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Marcin Saar
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
David Gauthier ◽  
Lockean Proviso ◽  
Basic Concepts

The topic of this paper is the foundation for individual rights proposed by David Gauthier in his seminal 1986 book Morals by Agreement, and particularly the role of conception of rationality in this foundation. The foundation of rights is a part of Gauthier’s broader enterprise: to ground morals in rationality – more specifically, in the economic conception of rationality. Because of the importance of this conception for the whole of Gauthier’s project, we reconstruct first the conception of rationality which can be found in decision theory and game theory, presenting simultaneously in a relatively non-technical way some basic concepts of the aforementioned disciplines. We proceed then to reconstruction of the foundation of rights itself – it turns on Gauthier’s interpretation of the so-called “Lockean proviso.” Lastly, we turn to the connection between rationality and foundation of rights. It is to be found in the narrow compliance – the disposition to enter only into cooperation which satisfies conditions of fairness set out in part by the Lockean proviso.

scholarly journals Game Theory Without Partitions, and Applications to Speculation and Consensus

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Geanakoplos
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Extended Theory ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Processing Errors ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Abstract Decision theory and game theory are extended to allow for information processing errors. This extended theory is then used to reexamine market speculation and consensus, both when all actions (opinions) are common knowledge and when they may not be. Five axioms of information processing are shown to be especially important to speculation and consensus. They are called nondelusion, knowing that you know (KTYK), nested, balanced, and positively balanced. We show that it is necessary and sufficient that each agent's information processing errors be (1) nondeluded and balanced so that the agents cannot agree to disagree, (2) nondeluded and positively balanced so that it cannot be common knowledge that they are speculating, and (3) nondeluded and KTYK and nested so that agents cannot speculate in equilibrium. Each condition is strictly weaker than the next one, and the last is strictly weaker than partition information.

scholarly journals Hypergame Theory: A Model for Conflict, Misperception, and Deception

Game Theory ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas S. Kovach ◽  
Alan S. Gibson ◽  
Gary B. Lamont
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Theory ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Historical Literature ◽  
Intentional Deception ◽  
Broad Overview

When dealing with conflicts, game theory and decision theory can be used to model the interactions of the decision-makers. To date, game theory and decision theory have received considerable modeling focus, while hypergame theory has not. A metagame, known as a hypergame, occurs when one player does not know or fully understand all the strategies of a game. Hypergame theory extends the advantages of game theory by allowing a player to outmaneuver an opponent and obtaining a more preferred outcome with a higher utility. The ability to outmaneuver an opponent occurs in the hypergame because the different views (perception or deception) of opponents are captured in the model, through the incorporation of information unknown to other players (misperception or intentional deception). The hypergame model more accurately provides solutions for complex theoretic modeling of conflicts than those modeled by game theory and excels where perception or information differences exist between players. This paper explores the current research in hypergame theory and presents a broad overview of the historical literature on hypergame theory.

scholarly journals Comparative Models of Capitalism in the Areas of Financial System and Corporate Governance – the Diversity of Capitalism Approach Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Paweł Pisany
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Financial Reforms ◽  
Institutional Complementarity ◽  
Capital Markets Union ◽  
Theory Application ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Regulatory Challenges

Abstract This article presents and assesses the methodology and results of a comparative analysis conducted by Bruno Amable in financial systems and corporate governance in the context of current policy and regulatory challenges. The article, which is based on a literature review and game theory examples, first describes and evaluates the methodology and final classification given by Amable. The role of Amable’s core concept; namely, institutional complementarity, is underlined. A game theory application in comparative institutional studies is then presented, including the author’s own “institutional game.” Finally, we assess Amable’s achievements in financial systems and corporate governance, concluding that they are valuable, innovative and useful despite some (perhaps justified) criticisms of the framework Amable used. In particular, the value of introducing institutional complementarity into comparative studies should not be underestimated. The analysis presented here suggests that Amable’s methodology may also be applicable when designing current financial reforms in the EU, especially European Capital Markets Union (CMU), because it can broaden policy maker’s horizons and promote consistent solutions.

scholarly journals Audit Quality, Joint-Auditors and Game Theory: Empirical Validation in the French Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Abdelhakim Ben Ali
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
High Level ◽  
Gains And Losses

<p>The objective of our research is to show the role of “game theory” as a scientific discipline permitting better explanation of the nature of complex relationships between the different stakeholders of the company. Motivated by the current discussions on the choice of the composition of the college auditors, we try to study the combination of auditors to ensure a better audit quality; and to demonstrate the gains and losses of the two players in the game studied during the period 2005-2010.</p>The empirical results reveal that the best audit quality is conditioned by the presence of pair heterogeneous auditors (Big4_Non Big4). Added to that, the audit quality is affected by a high level of audit fees, minimizing the debt ratio, a large reflection of the business performance and financial means to enable it to meet the economic crises that surround it.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF RECREATIONAL LOCATIONS OF RURAL GREEN TOURISM IN ODESA REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Kalmykova
Keyword(s):  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Recreational Services ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Clean Area ◽  
Green Tourism ◽  
Taxonomic Criterion ◽  
Key Terms

The article highlights the importance of the role of rural green tourism in restarting the Ukrainian economy, given that the inertia of the surge in domestic tourism caused by the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic will work in the coming years. The importance of recreational activities in the field of rural green tourism is considered. The problems of the conceptual and terminological description of the infrastructure of the recreational industry are outlined. Expansion of the nomenclature of key terms in the field of rural green tourism in the context of highlighting the point elements of the territorial structure is proposed. The concept of “recreational location of rural green tourism” has been introduced for use in the practice of the recreational industry in order to strengthen the territorial aspects of the research of recreational activities. The content of the concept “recreational location of rural green tourism” is characterized as a point element of the territorial infrastructure in the field of rural tourism in the region, which combines the territorial localization of the place of receiving tourist services (rural ecologically clean area), accommodation facility (local object) and indicates the special nature of the activity (recreation). It is indicated that, according to the taxonomic criterion, it is a micro-site, a place, and according to the typological criterion, it is a recreational and tourist object with the functions of accommodation and provision of recreational services. The components of the recreational potential of the Odesa region, which have the necessary properties for the successful functioning of a competitive tourist product in the regional and national tourist markets, have been analyzed. The importance of the classification of recreational locations of rural green tourism in the Odessa region for further systematization of information for the purpose of convenient practical use by specialists from various industries and consumers of recreational services has been substantiated. The classification of the locations of rural green tourism in the Odessa region according to three criteria has been proposed and five types of recreational locations have been identified.

scholarly journals Dance as a Remedy of Lifestyle Medicine, a Cultural-psychophysiological Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Imre Lázár
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Active Muscle ◽  
Social Skill Development ◽  
Lifestyle Medicine ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Dance is a traditional element of cultural-psychophysiological homeostasis. The chapter approves the role of dance in maintaining mental and bodily health. As dance is deeply cultural by its nature, it is worth extending its framework of healing from social-psychophysiological towards the cultural. The chapter explores the cultural, social, psychological, and bodily benefits and homeostatic functions of dance in an age of sedentary lifestyle. Sedentarism proved to be a silent killer responsible for increased cardiovascular, oncological morbidity and mortality; therefore, one should explore the lifestyle medical gains of dance along the whole life course. We explore the PNI-related and neurological aspects of endocrine functions of active muscle and its role in the prevention of chronic diseases and ageing. Dance also proved to be beneficial in mental health problems. We pay special attention to Hungarian folk dance revival, the so-called Táncház (Dance House) movement, and its practical potential in physical and psychological health protection, social skill development, gender socialization, and personal development.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Role of Homophily in Human Cooperation Using Multiplex Evolutionary Game Theory

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0140646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Di Stefano ◽  
Marialisa Scatà ◽  
Aurelio La Corte ◽  
Pietro Liò ◽  
Emanuele Catania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game

scholarly journals The emergence of consensus: a primer

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 172189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Baronchelli
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Systems Science ◽  
Social Consensus ◽  
Population Scale ◽  
Complex Systems Science

The origin of population-scale coordination has puzzled philosophers and scientists for centuries. Recently, game theory, evolutionary approaches and complex systems science have provided quantitative insights on the mechanisms of social consensus. However, the literature is vast and widely scattered across fields, making it hard for the single researcher to navigate it. This short review aims to provide a compact overview of the main dimensions over which the debate has unfolded and to discuss some representative examples. It focuses on those situations in which consensus emerges ‘spontaneously’ in the absence of centralized institutions and covers topics that include the macroscopic consequences of the different microscopic rules of behavioural contagion, the role of social networks and the mechanisms that prevent the formation of a consensus or alter it after it has emerged. Special attention is devoted to the recent wave of experiments on the emergence of consensus in social systems.

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