Components of schizophrenia liability affect the growth of psychological stress sensitivity following major life events

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Grattan ◽  
Richard J. Linscott
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life

scholarly journals Detection of six novel de novo mutations in individuals with low resilience to psychological stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256285
Author(s):  
Esfandiar Azadmarzabadi ◽  
Arvin Haghighatfard
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Stress Reaction ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Stress Resilience ◽  
Acute Stress Reaction

Genetic bases of psychological stress resilience have been studied previously, but mechanisms and genetic variants which are involved in stress resilience are still unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the associations between variants in dopaminergic pathway genes with stress resilience. Subjects of the present study were divided into four groups. Group A included persons with normal reactions to major life events stressors; group B included persons with an acute stress reaction to major life events stressor; group C included persons with normal reactions to Crises/catastrophes stressors, and group D included persons with an acute stress reaction to Crises/catastrophes stressors. DNA was extracted from the subject’s blood, and the entire length of 14 genes DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DRD5, COMT, DBH, TH, MAOA, DDC, DAT, 5-HTT, BDNF, and GDNF were sequenced by automated sequencers ABI 3700. Results showed 24 point mutations in 12 genes, including 16 SNPs and six novel mutations, which were significantly correlated to low-stress resilience. Most of the SNPs were known as risk alleles in psychiatric disorders. Several associations were found between genetic variants and psychological characteristics. Findings suggest dopaminergic as an important pathway in stress and stress resilience also indicated shared genetic bases between low-stress resilience and several psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals Transition from stress sensitivity to a depressive state: longitudinal twin study

2009 ◽  
Vol 195 (6) ◽  
pp. 498-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Wichers ◽  
Nicole Geschwind ◽  
Nele Jacobs ◽  
Gunter Kenis ◽  
Frenk Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Genetic Liability ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study

BackgroundDaily-life stress sensitivity is associated with depression, but prospective data are lacking.AimsTo examine associations between baseline ecological daily-life stress sensitivity and later depression, and to identify genetic and non-genetic factors moderating the transition from stress sensitivity to depression.MethodDaily-life stress sensitivity was assessed at baseline in twins (n = 502). One baseline and four follow-up measurements of depressive symptoms and negative life events were collected, as well as interview-based diagnoses at baseline and last follow-up. Hypothesised genetic markers were determined.ResultsBaseline stress sensitivity was associated with increased depressive symptoms at follow-up and risk of major depressive disorder. Both genetic liability and major life events moderated the probability of transition from stress sensitivity to depression.ConclusionsOnset of depression is attributable to pre-onset ecological measurements of stress sensitivity, particularly where genetic liability is high and individuals have reached a stage where the influence of competing environmental causes is low.

Comparison of two modes of stress measurement: Daily hassles and uplifts versus major life events

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen D. Kanner ◽  
James C. Coyne ◽  
Catherine Schaefer ◽  
Richard S. Lazarus
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life

Major Life Events and Changes in the Behavioural Functioning of Children

1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy F. M. G. Berden ◽  
Monika Althaus ◽  
Frank C. Verhulst
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life

The Comparability of Event-Related and General Social Support

2011 ◽  
pp. 339-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Hlebec ◽  
Maja Mrzel ◽  
Tina Kogovšek
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Response Format ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Related Approach ◽  
Relation Approach

Some studies (e.g., Kogovšek & Hlebec, 2008, 2009) have shown that the name generator and the role relation approaches to measuring social networks are to some extent comparable, but less so the name generator and the event-related approaches (Hlebec, Mrzel, & Kogovšek, 2009). In this chapter, the composition of the social support network assessed by both the general social support approach and the event-related approach (support during 15 major life events) is analyzed and compared. In both cases, the role relation approach is used. In addition, in both approaches a more elaborate (16 possible categories ranging from partner, mother, father, friend to no one) and a more simple (6 possible categories ranging from family member, friend, neighbor to no one) response format is applied and compared. The aim of the chapter is to establish, in a controlled quasi-experiment setting, whether the different approaches (i.e. the general social support and the event-related approach) produce similar social networks regardless of the response format (long vs. short).

Environment and ageing biology

2017 ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
Arun S. Karlamangla ◽  
Teresa E. Seeman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
The Body ◽  
Major Life Events ◽  
Major Life ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Impact

Psychosocial factors over the life course and major life events are associated with the health, functional status, and survival of older adults. This chapter discusses the biological mechanisms through which these influences are thought to operate, and how life stresses might accelerate the usual ageing of biological systems. It starts with a brief description of psychosocial determinants of health and functioning before elaborating on the allostatic mechanisms by which the body adapts its internal physiological milieu in response to perceived stressors. The price paid for frequent and recurring adaptation is eventual dysregulation of the mediators of allostasis, or allostatic load. We close with a brief discussion of allostatic load links to health outcomes in older adults and potential interventions that might ameliorate the impact of psychosocial adversities on health.

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