Anti-hemorrhagic activity of ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaf on envenomed Albino rats

Echis ocellatus snakebite causes more fatalities than all other African snake species combined. Moringa oleifera reportedly possesses an antivenom property. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of M. oleifera ethanol extract (MOE) against E. ocellatus venom (EOV) toxicities. Thirty male rats were grouped as follows (n = 5): Group 1 (normal control received saline), groups 2 to 6 were administered intraperitoneally, 0.22 mg/kg (LD50) of EOV. Group 2 was left untreated while group 3 to 6 were treated post-envenoming with 0.2 mL of polyvalent antivenom, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of MOE respectively. MOE significantly (p<0.05) normalized the altered haematological indices and blood electrolytes profiles. MOE attenuated venom-induced cellular dysfunctions, characterized by a significant increase in NRF2, and concomitant downregulation of increased antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) activities in the serum and heart of the treated rats. MOE normalized the elevated TNF-α and IL-1β in serum and heart tissues. Furthermore, the IgG titre value was significantly (p<0.5) higher in the envenomed untreated group compared to the MOE-treated groups. Hemorrhagic, hemolytic and coagulant activities of the venom were strongly inhibited by the MOE dose, dependently. Lesions noticed on tissues of vital organs of untreated rats were abolished by MOE. Our findings substantiate the effectiveness of MOE as a potential remedy against EOV toxicities.

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Moringa oleifera Enriched Diet Ammeliorates the Toxic Effects of Palm Wine and Local Gin (Ogogoro) on Some Biochemical Parameters in Albino Rats

British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/bjmmr/2017/29479 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Okwari Obem ◽

Kolawole Abisola ◽

Oluwatayo Olatundun

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Toxic Effects ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Palm Wine

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Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Air dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera LAM)

Jurnal Akademika Kimia ◽

10.22487/j24775185.2017.v6.i2.9244 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Rizkayanti Rizkayanti ◽

Anang Wahid M. Diah ◽

Minarni Rama Jura

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Antioxidant Potency ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leaves contains many molecules as inhibitors for free radicals such as phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, quinones, coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, tannins), nitrogen compounds (alkaloids, amines, betalain), vitamins, terpenoids (including carotenoids), and several other endogenous metabolites as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant potency of water and ethanol extracts of moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leave obtained by maceration and dekok. The concentration of free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer after addition of various concentrations of Moringa leaves extracts. Various concentrations of moringa leave extracts used were 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm. Vitamin C solutions as the positive control were prepared on similar various concentrations. The negative control was prepared using DPPH solutions dissolved in absolute ethanol. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of moringa leaves prepared by maceration method showed the antioxidant potency with an IC50 value of 22.1818 ppm, but the IC50 value of water extract of moringa leaves prepared by dekok was 57.5439 ppm. While, the IC50 value of Vitamin C was 8.8084 ppm. Based on the IC50 data it can be concluded that Vitamin C is a stronger antioxidant than moringa leaves extracts.

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Subacute Toxicity Effect of Psidium guajava Leaves Ethanolic Extract on Gaster in Wistar Rat

JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA ◽

10.35814/jifi.v16i1.466 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Esti Dyah Utami ◽

Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh ◽

Nuryanti Nuryanti

Keyword(s):

Toxic Effect ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Wistar Rat ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Respiratory Disorder ◽

Subchronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Effect ◽

Test Materials

Psidium guajava leaves have been proven be antiallergic. From the results of previous research, the ethanol extract of leaves is included in the class materials "Practically Non-Toxic." However, repeated administration may cause toxic effects on body organs, one of which was gaster. Subchronic toxicity had been carried out on 20 male Wistar rats and 20 female wistar albino rats. The test materials were administered orally, every day for 28 days. There are 3 (three) doses of test materials which were 250 mg, 500 mg, and 750 mg/kg BW. Observation of the general toxic effect was performed everyday, then organ sampling was performed on day 29 to examined gaster histology and score using Barthel-Manja methods. The result showed that administration of Psidium guajava leaves extract for 28 days caused physical and behavioral changes, caused soft and mucous feces, and also respiratory disorder. But the extract at dose 250 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg/kg BW did not caused changes on gaster histology profile and score. In conclusion, the extract did not have subchronic toxicity effect on gaster rat, but might caused general toxic effect in the higher dose.

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Cardioprotective Potential of Ethanol Extract of Sonchus Arvensis L. Leaves on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat

JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA ◽

10.35814/jifi.v16i1.434 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 20

Author(s):

Neng Fisheri Kurniati ◽

Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽

Rian Pardilah ◽

Nova Suliska ◽

Dhyan Kusuma Ayuningtyas

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Creatine Kinase ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Wistar Rat ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Creatine Kinase Mb ◽

Wistar Albino Rats ◽

Sonchus Arvensis

Sonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug.

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