Dietary lipid quality mediates salt tolerance of a freshwater keystone herbivore

2021 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
pp. 144657
Author(s):  
Jana Isanta-Navarro ◽  
Shelley E. Arnott ◽  
Toni Klauschies ◽  
Dominik Martin-Creuzburg
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Keystone Herbivore

scholarly journals Nutritional programming in early life: the role of dietary lipid quality for future health

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline M. van der Beek ◽  
Annemarie Oosting
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Infant Nutrition ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Lipid Quality

Worldwide, overweight and obesity have increased dramatically, not only in high income countries. Clearly, unhealthy diets and sedentary lifestyle are important drivers of the increased obesity rates, but increasing evidence indicates that the vulnerability for later life non-communicable diseases is set during the first 1000 days, the period from conception until 2 years of age. The growth during this period is faster than during any other period in life. Dietary fats provide energy for growth, but also supply essential fatty acid (FA) precursors for long chain polyunsaturated FA that are building blocks and signals for adipose tissue development. Both epidemiological and experimental data support the notion that specific improvements in dietary fat quality, e.g. specific changes in the fatty acid composition as well as the structural organization of dietary lipids, may reduce the risk of obesity and other adverse outcomes in later life, but clinical evidence is limited and largely inconclusive. We anticipate that effects of such relatively small improvements in nutrient quality may be difficult to measure on the short term and have limited impact in healthy children. However, for children that already experience challenging conditions in the womb and have a higher risk profile based on deviations in birthweight and postnatal growth, the potential protective effects of improved dietary lipid quality in early life could be more substantial. Results from randomized clinical studies testing improved lipid quality concepts will help to develop specific strategies to adapt infant nutrition based on the need with the aim to improve long term outcomes.

scholarly journals Dietary Fat and Energy Content of Steeped, Germinated and Unprocessed Maize Grains Meant For Complementary Feeding In Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ilesanmi Adeyeye ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Total Energy Density ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Maize Sample ◽  
High Level

Household technologies such as fermentation, soaking, roasting and malting are traditionally used in many societies with the assumption that they can contribute to improving the safety and quality of complementary foods. To observe the dietary lipid quality, unprocessed, steeped and germinated maize grains were used to evaluate their effect on the enhancement of fatty acids, phospholipids and phytosterols. Maize samples were denoted as B1 (unprocessed) B2 (sprouted) and B3 (steeped) maize. In crude fat, B2 was enhanced by 0.47g/100g (9.23%). Calculated fatty acids had values (g/100g) of:B1(3.66)<B2(4.00)> B3(3.63). Highest levels of these fatty acids were observed as follows: SFA(B2, 27.2%), MUFA(B1,34.7%) and PUFA(B1,47.0%); but B3 was more concentrated in MUFA and PUFA than B2 but less than B1.Both oleic and linoleic fatty acids slightly increased during steeping stage of malting but later declined during germination phase particularly oleic acid. Total energy density (kcal/100g) concentration in the samples with the percentage linoleic acid had these values: B1(32.9, 43.7%), B2(36.0, 37.2%) and B3(32.7, 41.9%). Total phytosterol (mg/100g) values were low: B1(52.3), B2(43.7) and B3(45.1) with sitosterol predominating in all: 33.5 > 28.8 < 29.6 respectively. In phospholipids, values were generally higher than the phytosterols as we have total values (mg/100g) of: B1(74.4); B2(71.3) and B3(62.0) with phosphatidylinositol predominating in all samples: 25.5 > 25.1 > 22.4 respectively. Raw maize sample had highest concentration of phospholipids, phytosterols, MUFA and PUFA. The declines in B2 and B3 in the above parameters suggested that lipids were used for biochemical processes. However, B3 was better concentrated than B2 in phytosterols, MUFA, PUFA, linoleic and oleic acids. This showed germination reduced fat content due to hydrolysis and utilization of fat as an energy source in germination. Observations had depicted the contribution of maize to presence of high level phosphatidylinositol and sitosterol to the infant. It also contributed to information on discrepancies on the effect of fermentation/ germination on cereal lipids in literature. Either steeped or sprouted maize is good as complementary food.

scholarly journals Rat liver mitochondrial membrane characteristics and mitochondrial functions are more profoundly altered by dietary lipid quantity than by dietary lipid quality: effect of different nutritional lipid patterns

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar Aoun ◽  
Christine Feillet-Coudray ◽  
Gilles Fouret ◽  
Béatrice Chabi ◽  
David Crouzier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Complex Iii ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Functions ◽  
Fish Oil Diet ◽  
Lard Diet

Dietary lipids are known to affect the composition of the biological membrane and functions that are involved in cell death and survival. The mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes are membrane protein complexes whose function depends on the composition and fluidity of the mitochondrial membrane lipid. The present study aimed at investigating the impact of different nutritional patterns of dietary lipids on liver mitochondrial functions. A total of forty-eight Wistar male rats were divided into six groups and fed for 12 weeks with a basal diet, lard diet or fish oil diet, containing either 50 or 300 g lipid/kg. The 30 % lipid intake increased liver NEFA, TAG and cholesterol levels, increased mitochondrial NEFA and TAG, and decreased phospholipid (PL) levels. SFA, PUFA and unsaturation index (UI) increased, whereas MUFA andtrans-fatty acids (FA) decreased in the mitochondrial membrane PL in 30 % fat diet-fed rats compared with 5 % lipid diet-fed rats. PL UI increased with fish oil dietv.basal and lard-rich diets, and PLtrans-FA increased with lard dietv.basal and fish oil diets. The 30 % lipid diet intake increased mitochondrial membrane potential, membrane fluidity, mitochondrial respiration and complex V activity, and decreased complex III and IV activities. With regard to lipid quality effects, β-oxidation decreased with the intake of basal or fish oil diets compared with that of the lard diet. The intake of a fish oil diet decreased complex III and IV activities compared with both the basal and lard diets. In conclusion, the characteristics and mitochondrial functions of the rat liver mitochondrial membrane are more profoundly altered by the quantity of dietary lipid than by its quality, which may have profound impacts on the pathogenesis and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

scholarly journals Milk lipid composition and structure; The relevance for infant brain development

OCL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidewij Schipper ◽  
Gertjan van Dijk ◽  
Eline M. van der Beek
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Milk Lipid ◽  
Lipid Quality ◽  
Infant Milk Formula ◽  
Infant Brain ◽  
Infant Brain Development

The neurocognitive development of infants can be positively associated with breastfeeding exclusivity and duration. Differences in dietary lipid quality between human milk and infant milk formula may contribute to this effect. In this review, we describe some of the known differences between human milk and infant milk formula in lipid quality, including fatty acid composition, complex lipids in the milk fat globule membrane as well as the physical properties of lipids and lipid globules. We describe some of the underlying mechanism by which these aspects of lipid quality are thought to modulate infant brain development such as differences in the supply and/or the bioavailability of lipids, lipid bound components and peripheral organ derived neurodevelopmental signals to the infant brain after ingestion and on longer term.

GROWTH RESPONSE AND MUSCLE LIPID QUALITY OF INDIAN WHITE SHRIMP FED DIFFERENT OILS AT TWO DIETARY LIPID LEVELS

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. OURAJI ◽  
A.M. ABEDIAN KENARI ◽  
B. SHABANPOUR ◽  
A. SHABANI ◽  
S.A. NEZAMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
Lipid Quality

scholarly journals Dietary lipid quality affects temperature-mediated reaction norms of a freshwater key herbivore

Oecologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Martin-Creuzburg ◽  
Alexander Wacker ◽  
Christine Ziese ◽  
Martin J. Kainz
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Reaction Norms ◽  
Lipid Quality

Application of SSR Technique for the Identification of Markers Linked to Salinity Tolerance in Rice

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
MH Kabir ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
SN Begum ◽  
AC Manidas
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Phenotypic Screening ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Marker Assisted Breeding ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Rice Landrace ◽  
Salt Susceptible

A cross was made between high yielding salt susceptible BINA variety (Binadhan-5) with salt tolerant rice landrace (Harkuch) to identify salt tolerant rice lines. Thirty six F3 rice lines of Binadhan-5 x Harkuch were tested for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage in hydroponic system using nutrient solution. In F3 population, six lines were found as salt tolerant and 10 lines were moderately tolerant based on phenotypic screening at the seedling stage. Twelve SSR markers were used for parental survey and among them three polymorphic SSR markers viz., OSR34, RM443 and RM169 were selected to evaluate 26 F3 rice lines for salt tolerance. With respect to marker OSR34, 15 lines were identified as salt tolerant, 9 lines were susceptible and 2 lines were heterozygous. While RM443 identified 3 tolerant, 14 susceptible and 9 heterozygous rice lines. Eight tolerant, 11 susceptible and 7 heterozygous lines were identified with the marker RM169. Thus the tested markers could be efficiently used for tagging salt tolerant genes in marker-assisted breeding programme.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i2.16929 Progress. Agric. 19(2): 57 - 65, 2008

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document