scholarly journals Biomonitoring of fast-elimination endocrine disruptors – Results from a 6-month follow up on human volunteers with repeated urine and hair collection

2021 ◽  
pp. 146330
Author(s):  
Fäys François ◽  
M. Hardy Emilie ◽  
Palazzi Paul ◽  
Haan Serge ◽  
Beausoleil Claire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Human Volunteers

scholarly journals Single-Tear Proteomics: A Feasible Approach to Precision Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10750
Author(s):  
Erika Ponzini ◽  
Diletta Ami ◽  
Alessandro Duse ◽  
Carlo Santambrogio ◽  
Antonella De Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Shotgun Proteomics ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarkers ◽  
Tear Analysis

Lacrimal fluid is an attractive source of noninvasive biomarkers, the main limitation being the small sample amounts typically collected. Advanced analytical methods to allow for proteomics profiling from a few microliters are needed to develop innovative biomarkers, with attractive perspectives of applications to precision medicine. This work describes an effective, analytical pipeline for single-tear analysis by ultrahigh-resolution, shotgun proteomics from 23 healthy human volunteers, leading to high-confidence identification of a total of 890 proteins. Highly reproducible quantification was achieved by either peak intensity, peak area, or spectral counting. Hierarchical clustering revealed a stratification of females vs. males that did not emerge from previous studies on pooled samples. Two subjects were monitored weekly over 3 weeks. The samples clustered by withdrawal time of day (morning vs. afternoon) but not by follow-up week, with elevated levels of components of the immune system in the morning samples. This study demonstrates feasibility of single-tear quantitative proteomics, envisaging contributions of this unconventional body fluid to individualized approaches in biomedicine.

Protection of chemo-radiation therapy induced oral mucositis (OM) in pre-clinical and clinical studies

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5567-5567
Author(s):  
A. Rehemtulla ◽  
W. Grove ◽  
P. Sunkara ◽  
M. Naidu ◽  
B. D. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Historical Controls

5567 Background: D-methionine, was shown to selectively protect normal but not tumor cells from loss of mitochondrial integrity and viability in response to ionizing radiation. OM is a debilitating complication of radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT). MRx-1024, a orally bio-available formulation of this agent was evaluated as a treatment for the protection of OM. Methods: A mouse model of radiation-induced lip erythema was used to evaluate the efficacy of MRx-1024. Pharmacokinetic profile of MRX-1024 in healthy human volunteers as well as evaluation of oral MRX-1024 was accomplished in patients (pts) with head and neck cancer receiving RT or RT+CT. Pts received 1.8–2.0 Gy of RT daily for 5 days each week, to a total of 60 Gy. Selected pts also received cisplatin, 50mg/m2 weekly. MRX-1024 suspension was given 1 hour before and again after each RT fraction. Pts were evaluated weekly using 4 accepted scales for assessing OM. Results: A significant protection of radiation-induced lip erythema was achieved in pre-clinical studies without compromising tumor control. Plasma concentrations of MRx-1024 achieved in normal volunteers after oral administration were similar to those required for efficacy in pre-clinical studies. No major adverse events were attributed to MRx-1024. The incidence of OM from 21 evaluable pts was compared with historical controls from the same institution. MRX-1024 was found to be a safe, easily administered and well-tolerated agent that completely ameliorated the incidence of Grade 4 (21% in historical controls) and reduced the incidence of Grade 3 by 80% over historical controls. In addition, preliminary analysis indicated that MRX-1024 did not compromise antitumor activity. Conclusions: These pre-clinical and clinical studies provide exciting proof of principle evidence for the use of MRx-1024 in the treatment of OM. Follow-up clinical studies are underway to further validate these results. [Table: see text]

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

Brief summary of Kleť photographic search programme for minor planets

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
J. Tichá ◽  
M. Tichý ◽  
Z. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
Main Belt

AbstractA long-term photographic search programme for minor planets was begun at the Kleť Observatory at the end of seventies using a 0.63-m Maksutov telescope, but with insufficient respect for long-arc follow-up astrometry. More than two thousand provisional designations were given to new Kleť discoveries. Since 1993 targeted follow-up astrometry of Kleť candidates has been performed with a 0.57-m reflector equipped with a CCD camera, and reliable orbits for many previous Kleť discoveries have been determined. The photographic programme results in more than 350 numbered minor planets credited to Kleť, one of the world's most prolific discovery sites. Nearly 50 per cent of them were numbered as a consequence of CCD follow-up observations since 1994.This brief summary describes the results of this Kleť photographic minor planet survey between 1977 and 1996. The majority of the Kleť photographic discoveries are main belt asteroids, but two Amor type asteroids and one Trojan have been found.

Intranuclear Crystals in Regenerating Canine Kidneys

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
D.G. Osborne ◽  
L.J. McCormack ◽  
M.O. Magnusson ◽  
W.S. Kiser
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cell ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Crystalline Structures ◽  
Small Crystals ◽  
Membrane Bound

During a project in which regenerative changes were studied in autotransplanted canine kidneys, intranuclear crystals were seen in a small number of tubular epithelial cells. These crystalline structures were seen in the control specimens and also in regenerating specimens; the main differences being in size and number of them. The control specimens showed a few tubular epithelial cell nuclei almost completely occupied by large crystals that were not membrane bound. Subsequent follow-up biopsies of the same kidneys contained similar intranuclear crystals but of a much smaller size. Some of these nuclei contained several small crystals. The small crystals occurred at one week following transplantation and were seen even four weeks following transplantation. As time passed, the small crystals appeared to fuse to form larger crystals.

Electron Microscopy of Human Gallstones

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
C. Wolpers ◽  
R. Blaschke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Crystal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Main Components

Scanning microscopy was used to study the surface of human gallstones and the surface of fractures. The specimens were obtained by operation, washed with water, dried at room temperature and shadowcasted with carbon and aluminum. Most of the specimens belong to patients from a series of X-ray follow-up study, examined during the last twenty years. So it was possible to evaluate approximately the age of these gallstones and to get information on the intensity of growing and solving.Cholesterol, a group of bile pigment substances and different salts of calcium, are the main components of human gallstones. By X-ray diffraction technique, infra-red spectroscopy and by chemical analysis it was demonstrated that all three components can be found in any gallstone. In the presence of water cholesterol crystallizes in pane-like plates of the triclinic crystal system.

Articulatory Intervention for the Visually Impaired

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Cheri L. Florance ◽  
Judith O’Keefe
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
School Students ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Paired Stimuli ◽  
Visually Handicapped ◽  
Parent Program

A modification of the Paired-Stimuli Parent Program (Florance, 1977) was adapted for the treatment of articulatory errors of visually handicapped children. Blind high school students served as clinical aides. A discussion of treatment methodology, and the results of administrating the program to 32 children, including a two-year follow-up evaluation to measure permanence of behavior change, is presented.

What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704
Author(s):  
Katrina Fulcher-Rood ◽  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
Jeff Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Purpose The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work. Method Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP. Results SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used. Conclusions SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

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