scholarly journals Current and future chemical treatments to fight biodeterioration of outdoor building materials and associated biofilms: Moving away from ecotoxic and towards efficient, sustainable solutions

2022 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 149846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattea Romani ◽  
Thomas Warscheid ◽  
Lionel Nicole ◽  
Lionel Marcon ◽  
Patrick Di Martino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Chemical Treatments

scholarly journals Microstructure of Thermoplastic Composites Reinforced with Wool and Wood

2019 ◽  
Vol 890 ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
Catarina Baptista ◽  
Gabriela Martins ◽  
Cyril Santos ◽  
Artur Mateus ◽  
Filipe Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Cellulosic Fibres ◽  
In Virtue Of

In the last decades the studies on thermoplastic composites reinforced with natural fibres have been mostly focused on vegetable lignocellulosic or cellulosic fibres. These materials provide eco-sustainable solutions for a large range of applications and have been actually adopted by multiple industries. The interest on fibres of animal origin is more recent and research on composites reinforced with these fibres predominantly composed of keratin, such as wool, feathers or silk, is increasing in virtue of some advantageous properties that may overcome some of the intrinsic limitations from vegetable fibres. The combined use of vegetable and animal fibres in composites appropriate for melt blending processing is at early stages of research. After chemical treatments, the fibres of animal origin have been mostly applied as binders between vegetable fibres and polymers, not as main constituents of these composites. The use of both types of fibres simultaneously in composites of thermoplastic matrices is the subject of the present study wherein the fibres of animal origin (wool) are different kinds of residues from a textile industry and the fibres of vegetable origin (wood) are residues from carpentry activities. The chemical composition, the macro and microstructure of the fibres is analyzed, as well as that of composites that combine non-biodegradable and biodegradable polymers with diverse ratios of fibres in different conditions (wool as cards, yarns and felt cloths; wood as sawdust). The addition of coupling agents to enhance the compatibility between wool, wood and different polymers is also analysed.

scholarly journals The role of secondary use of building materials in the circular economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-B) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Kemran Abdullaevich Magomedov ◽  
Alexandra Andreevna Gundareva ◽  
Vladislav Alekseevich Komarov ◽  
Shamil Zabitovich Abukov
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Environmental Goals ◽  
Resource Shortage ◽  
The Eu

The article considers the role of secondary use of building materials in the circular economy. The paper considers the method of cascading use of wood, used in the practice of European specialists, which allows to increase the period of use of building materials. The author concludes that nowadays the problems of resource shortage and rapid climate change are encouraging society to move towards more sustainable solutions for the construction sector. Wood, as a widely available and naturally grown material, is of particular importance for achieving the environmental goals set by the EU and national authorities. The use of wood in construction has increased in recent decades. However, the use of a secondary method of wood processing in the circular economy is rarely used in practice, although the economic effect of this process is quite high.

Study of a Typical Soil Used for Concrete Bricks in Miracema, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Niander Aguiar Cerqueira ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
Gustavo de Castro Xavier ◽  
Veronica Scarpini Candido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Typical Soil

The use of natural resources for sustainable development is becoming a relevant issue in modern societies. In particular, building materials composed of local soil or available residues are considered sustainable solutions for housing construction in relatively small urban areas. In the present work a preliminary study was conducted on a typical soil in the municipal area of Miracema, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study comprised the characterization of the particle size distribution and particle density of the soil. In addition, the application of the soil by combining with Portland cement was investigated to produce concrete blocks specified as soil-cement bricks by the Brazilian norm. The results indicated that a trace of 14 parts of soil, 6 parts of local gravel and 4 parts of cement/water produced concrete blocks that comply with the compression strength specified by the norm.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS FOR MANAGING ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS WASTE MATERIALS: REAPPLICATION OF FLY ASH

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zagorka Aćimović Pavlović ◽  
Anja Terzić ◽  
Ljiljana Miličic ◽  
Zagorka Radojević ◽  
Ljubica Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Hazardous Pollutants

The disposal of the fly ash may pose a significant risk to the environment due to the possible leaching of hazardous pollutants. The only sustainable economic solution for the pollution-prevention of theenvironment is the reuse of fly ash in building materials. Some of building composites, in which fly ash iscombined with refractory components can withstand high temperatures. In this investigation testing composites were based on fly ash mixed with high-aluminate cement. Investigated fly ashes were previously subjected to mechano-activation. The leaching behavior and potential environmental impact of hazardous elements were analyzed. Mineral phase analysis by means of XRD was accented due to the fly ash high dependence on its origin. Crystalline phases were investigated by means of DTA. Scanning electron microscopy was used in microstructure analysis. The leachability of toxic elements was within allowedrange, thus investigated fly ashes can be replicated in building materials. Investigated fly ash-cement composites proved to have high physico-mechanical performances, but also good thermo-insulationcharacteristics. The overall results showed that application of the fly ash in building composites unsustainable solution for managing this environmentally hazardous waste material. Key words:fly ash, thermo-insulation, toxic elements, reapplication, building composites.

GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS: A REVIEW OF STATE OF THE ART STUDIES OF INNOVATIVE MATERIALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. De Luca ◽  
I. Carbone ◽  
J. B. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
Current State ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Innovative Materials

1. INTRODUCTION This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the latest international publications (2012–2017) regarding innovative and environmentally sustainable materials that reduce the production of pollutants. It is recognised that world construction is responsible for substantial amounts of harmful emissions. In particular, the survey collected data on new sustainable solutions and innovative materials, such as cement, wood, glass and ceramics that are essential to minimize the environmental impact of buildings on the ecosystem and to reduce the consumption of natural resources. Therefore, the paper's intent is to give an overview of the current state of the art and research in the field of bio-building, gathering information on the environmental impacts of these innovative materials and listing the benefits that can be obtained with their use. The findings of this study support the growing importance of green building as a component of the whole construction market and provide a benchmark against which to measure future changes in the industry over time.

Scanning electron microscopy of asbestos-containing material where the asbestos fibers are considered locked in a binder

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
J. R. Millette ◽  
R. S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Binder Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has labeled as “friable” those building materials that are likely to readily release fibers. Friable materials when dry, can easily be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder using hand pressure. Other asbestos containing building materials (ACBM) where the asbestos fibers are in a matrix of cement or bituminous or resinous binders are considered non-friable. However, when subjected to sanding, grinding, cutting or other forms of abrasion, these non-friable materials are to be treated as friable asbestos material. There has been a hypothesis that all raw asbestos fibers are encapsulated in solvents and binders and are not released as individual fibers if the material is cut or abraded. Examination of a number of different types of non-friable materials under the SEM show that after cutting or abrasion, tuffs or bundles of fibers are evident on the surfaces of the materials. When these tuffs or bundles are examined, they are shown to contain asbestos fibers which are free from binder material. These free fibers may be released into the air upon further cutting or abrasion.

Determinants and barriers of PV self-consumption in Spain from the perception of the installers for the promotion of distributed energy systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-169
Author(s):  
José Ángel Gimeno ◽  
Eva Llera Sastresa ◽  
Sabina Scarpellini
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Transition Scenario

Currently, self-consumption and distributed energy facilities are considered as viable and sustainable solutions in the energy transition scenario within the European Union. In a low carbon society, the exploitation of renewables for self-consumption is closely tied to the energy market at the territorial level, in search of a compromise between competitiveness and the sustainable exploitation of resources. Investments in these facilities are highly sensitive to the existence of favourable conditions at the territorial level, and the energy policies adopted in the European Union have contributed positively to the distributed renewables development and the reduction of their costs in the last decade. However, the number of the installed facilities is uneven in the European Countries and those factors that are more determinant for the investments in self-consumption are still under investigation. In this scenario, this paper presents the main results obtained through the analysis of the determinants in self-consumption investments from a case study in Spain, where the penetration of this type of facilities is being less relevant than in other countries. As a novelty of this study, the main influential drivers and barriers in self-consumption are classified and analysed from the installers' perspective. On the basis of the information obtained from the installers involved in the installation of these facilities, incentives and barriers are analysed within the existing legal framework and the potential specific lines of the promotion for the effective deployment of self-consumption in an energy transition scenario.

Legal framework for improvement of agroecology by cultivating jerusalem artichoke

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Kosmii ◽  
Vasyl. Kasiianchuk ◽  
Ruslan Zhyrak ◽  
Ivan Krykhovetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Scientific Cognition

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and research the legal mechanisms which make it possible to improve agroecology through the organization of cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke.Methodology. The methodology includes comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific, theoretical, practical and applied material and development of relevant conclusions and recommendations. During the research, the following methods of scientific cognition were used: dialectical, terminological, historical and legal, logical and normative, systemic and structural, functional, normative and dogmatic, generalization methods. Results. The process of analysis and research highlighted the possibilities of cultivating Jerusalem artichoke for improving agroecology, namely improving the ecological state of the atmosphere air and soil, preparing them for organic farming. The article contains examples of practical application of tubers of Jerusalem artichoke and herbage for the production of therapeutic and prophylactic products, alternative energy and highly efficient building materials. Scientific novelty. The study found that the authors summarized and systematized the levels of legal regulation in the field of using Jerusalem artichoke for improving agroecology, preparing soil for organic farming, in particular: the inter-sectoral level which covers the interaction of agricultural and environmental law in terms of cultivation and use of Jerusalem artichoke; the level of integrated environmental and legal regulation; level of individual resource (floristic) legal regulation; the level of environmental protection (anthropoprotection) legislation.Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in law-making and environmental protection activities related to issues of cultivating and using the Jerusalem artichoke as a means of improving agroecology.

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