Neuroblastoma as an experimental model for neuronal differentiation and hypoxia-induced tumor cell dedifferentiation

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Edsjö ◽  
Linda Holmquist ◽  
Sven Påhlman
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Cell Dedifferentiation

Hematogeneous Pulmonary Metastasis

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Kim ◽  
J.-G. Im ◽  
E. C. Chung ◽  
M. H. Han ◽  
J. K. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Pulmonary Metastasis ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Pulmonary Metastases ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Tumor Cell Suspension ◽  
Pathologic Findings

The purpose of this study was to develop an experimental model of pulmonary metastases using VX-2 tumor, and to describe sequential radiologic and pathologic findings with special attention to the interstitial changes around the metastatic nodules. Through ear veins of 25 rabbits, VX-2 tumor cell suspension was injected with 0.8-mm scalp needles. Chest radiographs were taken every other day after tumor injection. The rabbits were sacrificed at scheduled times from 3 to 30 days after tumor injection. The inflated and fixed lungs were examined with visual inspection, low-kV radiography, high resolution CT (HRCT), microradiography of the sliced lung and with histopathologic studies. Hematogeneous pulmonary metastases occurred in 24 of 25 rabbits. In addition to the metastatic nodules, perinodular and peribronchovascular infiltrations were seen on low-kV radiography, HRCT, microradiography and histologic studies.

Abstract 1142: Tropomyosin-related receptor kinase B at the invasive front of gastric cancer and tumor cell dedifferentiation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Tadanobu Shimura ◽  
Takahito Kitajima ◽  
Satoru Kondo ◽  
Shozo Ide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Invasive Front ◽  
Cell Dedifferentiation

scholarly journals Post-treatment maturation of medulloblastoma in children: two cases and a literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 4781-4790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanxuan Wu ◽  
Yudong Zhou ◽  
Lusheng Li ◽  
Ping Liang ◽  
Xuan Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
Cell Maturation ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Second Surgery

We herein report two cases of post-treatment maturation of medulloblastoma (MB). We also conducted a literature review to summarize the clinical and pathologic features of MB maturation. From January 1992 to February 2017, 52 patients with MB underwent surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumor cell maturation was identified in two patients who underwent a second surgery. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and identified six such cases. In both of our patients, the pathologic type was MB with extensive nodularity (MBEN). Both patients underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The tumor differentiated to gangliocytoma in both patients. In the overall analysis that also included the six cases identified in the literature, the pathologic types were classic MB (n=1), desmoplastic/nodular MB (n=2), MBEN (n=3), and unclassified MB (n=2). MB differentiated into the following types: gangliocytoma (n=2), ganglioglioma (n=1), melanocyte (n=1), neuronal differentiation (n=2), and classic MB (n=1). Desmoplastic/nodular MB and MBEN can differentiate into less malignant cells types after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Maturation of MB may be affected radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Abstract A68: Tumor cell dedifferentiation into endothelial cells and resistance to sunitinib in renal carcinoma models

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (10 Supplement) ◽  
pp. A68-A68
Author(s):  
Maria Serova ◽  
Annemilai Tijeras-Raballand ◽  
Celia Dos Santos ◽  
Maria Eugenia Riveiro ◽  
Armand de Gramont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Renal Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Dedifferentiation

scholarly journals Sporadic calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma is not more aggressive than its classic counterpart: case report and review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
John J. Orrego ◽  
Joseph A. Chorny
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Tumor Differentiation ◽  
Cell Dedifferentiation ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
Well Differentiated

Objective: medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) with normal serum basal calcitonin (calcitonin-negative MTC) is uncommon. The exact mechanism for this paradox is unclear. It has been suggested that the loss of ability to secrete calcitonin is due to tumor cell dedifferentiation and may confer a worse prognosis.Methods: we describe a 45-year-old woman with a sporadic 4.5-cm well-differentiated MTC, who despite having normal preoperative serum basal calcitonin and poor calcitonin immunostaining in tumor cells, remains in remission 5 years after total thyroidectomy with bilateral central neck dissection. Out of the 20 patients with calcitonin-negative MTC reported to date, we include 16 patients with clinical disease at presentation to determine if they fare worse than their classic MTC counterparts. We try to correlate the extent of calcitonin immunostaining with the degree of tumor differentiation to determine if poor tumor calcitonin immunoreactivity is an indicator of tumor cell dedifferentiation.Results: Seven and 9 patients with calcitonin-negative MTC had poorly-differentiated and well-differentiated tumors, respectively. Four patients in the former group died from metastatic MTC within 3 years of the diagnosis. The status of the 2 living patients with known follow-up information was one with N1 disease and one in remission. In the well-differentiated group, 2 patients had N1M1 disease and 7 patients were in remission.According to the number of tumor cells immunoreactive to calcitonin, the 15 patients with known data were classified in 3 groups: 1+ group (only few tumor cells stained weakly for calcitonin), 7 patients; 2+ group (many tumor cells stained focally for calcitonin), 2 patients; and 3+ group (most tumor cells stained strongly for calcitonin), 6 patients. The level of calcitonin immunoreactivity did not correlate with the patient’s clinical status.Conclusion: the degree of tumor differentiation is a far better predictor of outcome than the extent of calcitonin immunoreactivity and poor tumor calcitonin staining is not necessarily an indicator of tumor cell dedifferentiation.

High-Throughput Tissue Microarray Analysis Used to Evaluate Biology and Prognostic Significance of the E-Cadherin Pathway in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2417-2428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Bremnes ◽  
R. Veve ◽  
E. Gabrielson ◽  
F. R. Hirsch ◽  
A. Baron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Independent Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cell Dedifferentiation ◽  
E Cadherin

PURPOSE: E-cadherin (E-cad) and its associated intracellular molecules, catenins, are critical for intercellular epithelial adhesion and are often expressed in non–small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs). We constructed tissue microarrays (TMAs) to investigate the expression of cadherins and catenins and their prognostic significance in NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tumor tissue samples from 193 patients with stages I to III NSCLC were obtained from the University of Colorado Cancer Center and Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. Viable tumor was sampled in triplicate for the TMAs, and slides were stained by immunohistochemistry with antibodies against E-cad, N-cadherin, alpha (α)-, beta (β)-, and gamma (γ)-catenin, p120, p27, and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene product. Clinical data were collected by the tumor registries. Patients were followed for a median period of 51 months (range, 18 to 100 months). RESULTS: Absent or severely reduced membranous expression for E-cad, α-, β-, and γ-catenin, and p120 were observed in 10%, 17%, 8%, 31%, and 61% of the cases, respectively. Tumor cell dedifferentiation correlated with reduced expression for E-cad, β-catenin, γ-catenin, and p120 in squamous cell carcinomas but not in adenocarcinomas. There was an inverse correlation between nodal metastasis and expression of E-cad and γ-catenin. Besides the traditional clinical prognostic variables, E-cad and α-, β-, and γ-catenin expression were of positive prognostic value in univariate survival analyses. In multivariate analysis, E-cad expression was the only independent prognostic factor for survival in addition to age, node status, tumor status, and pathologic surgical margins. CONCLUSION: Reduced expression of E-cad and catenins is associated with tumor cell dedifferentiation, local invasion, regional metastasis, and reduced survival in NSCLC. E-cad is an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC survival.

Ultrastructural Alterations in Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae as a Result of Hypoxia

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
Waykin Nopanitaya ◽  
Raeford E. Brown ◽  
Joe W. Grisham ◽  
Johnny L. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Hepatic Lobule ◽  
Ultrastructural Alterations ◽  
Large Type ◽  
Sinusoidal Endothelial Fenestrae ◽  
General Size ◽  
Sem Studies

Mammalian endothelial cells lining hepatic sinusoids have been found to be widely fenestrated. Previous SEM studies (1,2) have noted two general size catagories of fenestrations; large fenestrae were distributed randomly while the small type occurred in groups. These investigations also reported that large fenestrae were more numerous and larger in the endothelial cells at the afferent ends of sinusoids or around the portal areas, whereas small fenestrae were more numerous around the centrilobular portion of the hepatic lobule. It has been further suggested that under some physiologic conditions small fenestrae could fuse and subsequently become the large type, but this is, as yet, unproven.We have used a reproducible experimental model of hypoxia to study the ultrastructural alterations in sinusoidal endothelial fenestrations in order to investigate the origin of occurrence of large fenestrae.

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