Corrigendum to “Soil microbial mechanisms promoting ultrahigh rice yield” [Soil Biology & Biochemistry 143 (2020) 107741]

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 107894
Author(s):  
Yangquanwei Zhong ◽  
Jihong Hu ◽  
Qiongmei Xia ◽  
Shilai Zhang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Microbial

Soil bacterial communities interact with silicon fraction transformation and promote rice yield after long-term straw return

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Song ◽  
Zimin Li ◽  
Fenliang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Healthy Growth

<p>Returning crop straw into soil is an important practice to balance biogenic and bioavailable silicon (Si) pool in paddy, which is crucial for rice healthy growth. However, it remains elusive how straw return affects Si bioavailability, its uptake, and rice yield, owing to little knowledge about soil microbial communities responsible for straw degradation. Here, we investigated the change of soil Si fractions and microbial community in a 39-year-old paddy field amended by a long-term straw return. Results showed that rice straw-return significantly increased soil bioavailable Si and rice yield to from 29.9% to 61.6% and from 14.5% to 23.6%, respectively, compared to NPK fertilization alone. Straw return significantly altered soil microbial community abundance. Acidobacteria was positively and significantly related to amorphous Si, while Rokubacteria at the phylum level, Deltaproteobacteria and Holophagae at the class level were negatively and significantly related to organic matter adsorbed and Fe/Mn-oxide combined Si in soils. Redundancy analysis of their correlations further demonstrated that Si status significantly explained 12% of soil bacterial community variation. These findings suggest that soil bacteria community and diversity interact with Si mobility via altering its transformation, resulting in the balance of various nutrient sources to drive biological silicon cycle in agroecosystem.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative Advantage of Using Biofertilizers in Indian Agroecosystems: An Analysis from the Perspectives of Stakeholders

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Hasrat Arjjumend ◽  
Konstantia Koutouki ◽  
Simon Neufeld
Keyword(s):  
Slow Growth ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Microbial Life ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Microbial Products

The use of excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides have decreased soil microbial life and upset the balance between soil microbes and plants, negatively impacting plant nutrition, production and soil health. Biofertilizers hold the potential to revive soil biology and increase farmers’ current agricultural productivity, while at the same time contributing to the soil’s ability to produce more in the future. This article is part of a larger Université de Montréal study conducted with the support of Mitacs and Earth Alive Clean Technologies. The responses of farmers using and not using biofertilizers, manufacturers or suppliers of biofertilizers, and research and development scientists are captured to build cases of how microbial products (biologicals) prove to be advantageous when applied in field crops. The agronomic advantage of biofertilizers compared to conventional chemical fertilizers is well proved biologically and in economic terms. The farmers interviewed stated their preference of biofertilizers over chemical fertilizers. However, production and distribution of biofertilizers are inadequate compared to the demand for them. Studies need to be pursued to understand reasons for the supply gaps and the slow growth of biofertilizers in the agriculture sector of India and methods of linking them to farmers’ preferences in order to advance protections of soil and plants in India.

scholarly journals Organic soil amendments using vermicomposts under inoculation of N2-fixing bacteria for sustainable rice production

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10833
Author(s):  
Mehdi Ghadimi ◽  
Alireza Sirousmehr ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ansari ◽  
Ahmad Ghanbari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Microbial

Organic and biological fertilizers are considered as a very important source of plant nutrients. A field experiment was conducted during 2017−2018 in paddy soil to investigate the effect of vermicomposting of cattle manure mixture with Azolla and rice straw on soil microbial activity, nutrient uptake, and grain yield under inoculation of N2-fixing bacteria. Experimental factors consisted of organic amendments at six levels (vermicomposts prepared from manure (VM); manure + rice straw (VRM); manure + Azolla mixture (VAM); manure + rice straw + Azolla mixture (VRAM); raw manure without vermicomposting (M), and a control) and N2-fixing bacteria at three levels (Azotobacter chroococcum, Azospirillum brasilence, and non−inoculation). The results showed that, vermicompost treatments compared to control and raw manure significantly increased the number and biomass−C of soil microorganisms, urease activity, number of tillers hill−1, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) uptake, and grain and protein yield. Inoculation of plants with N2-fixing bacteria, especially Azotobacter increased the efficiency of organic amendments, so that the maximum urease activity, soil microbial activity, P and N uptake, and grain yield (4,667 (2017) and 5,081 (2018) kg/h) were observed in vermicompost treatments containing Azolla (VAM and VRAM) under inoculation with Azotobacter. The results of the study suggested that, using an organic source along with inoculation with appropriate N2-fixing bacteria for vermicompost has a great effect on enzyme activity, soil biology, nutrient uptake and grain yield has a synergistic interaction on agronomic traits under flooded conditions. Therefore, this nutrient method can be used as one of the nutrient management strategies in the sustainable rice production.

Modelling the impact of soil processes on the N and O isotope signatures of nitrate in groundwater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neus Otero ◽  
Mathieu Sebilo ◽  
Bernhard Mayer ◽  
Daren Gooddy ◽  
Dan Lapworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Plant System ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Loire Valley ◽  
N Pool

<p>Stable isotope fingerprinting is widely applied to plant-soil-groundwater systems in an aim to identify and even quantify the sources of nitrates found in groundwater. Frequently, in such studies, the <em>δ</em><sup>15</sup>N and <em>δ</em><sup>18</sup>O values of nitrogen sources, such as inorganic fertilizers and manure, are directly compared to the isotope signatures of nitrate encountered in groundwater bodies below agricultural watersheds. We submit that the underlying assumptions (conservative behavior of isotope composition, rapid transfer from surface to groundwater) may only be realistic under very specific conditions whereas, in most cases, significant isotope effects exerted by the soil-microbial-plant system on the <em>δ</em><sup>15</sup>N and <em>δ</em><sup>18</sup>O values of nitrate need to be taken into account when attempting a quantitative apportionment of sources of groundwater nitrate.</p><p>We hypothesise that the isotopic signature of nitrate exported from below the root zone and migrating towards the groundwater will reflect the nitrogen isotope composition of the soil organic N pool, rather than the isotope composition of source fertilizer or organic amendments, due to processes that reset source isotope compositions within soil N pools. We test this hypothesis using empirical observations from a diversity of settings, in France, Spain and Canada with a relatively constant historic anthropogenic N source or a simple and well constrained landuse history. Furthermore, through the use of a process-based model (SIMSONIC, Billy et al., 2010) we estimate to what extent the isotopic composition of the predominant N input to the soil-microbial-plant system and the soil N pool has been modified in an attempt to consider these changes in source apportionment studies elucidating the sources of groundwater nitrate.</p><p>This research was supported through the Consortium award MUTUAL, by the LE STUDIUM® Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies via its SMART LOIRE VALLEY (SLV) fellowship programme, co-funded by the H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie programme, Contract No. 665790.</p><p> </p><p>Billy C., Billen G., Sebilo M., Birgand F., Tournebize J. (2010) Nitrogen isotopic composition of leached nitrate and soil organic matter as an indicator of denitrification in a sloping drained agricultural plot and adjacent uncultivated riparian buffer strips. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42, 108-117.</p>

Environmental Implications of Herbicide Resistance: Soil Biology and Ecology

Weed Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Groups ◽  
Acquisition Processes

Soil microbial community structure and activity are linked to plant communities. Weeds may alter their soil environment, selecting for specific rhizosphere microbial communities. Rhizosphere modification occurs for many crop and horticultural plants. However, impacts of weeds in agroecosystems on soil biology and ecology have received less attention because effective weed management practices were developed to minimize their impacts on crop production. The recent development of herbicide resistance (HR) in several economically important weeds leading to widespread infestations in crop fields treated with a single herbicide has prompted a re-evaluation of the effects of weed growth on soil biology and ecology. The objective of this article is to review the potential impacts of herbicide-resistant weeds on soil biological and ecological properties based on reports for crops, weeds, and invasive plants. Persistent weed infestations likely establish extensive root systems and release various plant metabolites through root exudation. Many exudates are selective for specific soil microbial groups mediating biochemical and nutrient acquisition processes. Exudates may stimulate development of microbial groups beneficial to weed but detrimental to crop growth or beneficial to both. Changes in symbiotic and associative microbial interactions occur, especially for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that are important in plant uptake of nutrients and water, and protecting from phytopathogens. Mechanisms used by weeds to disrupt symbioses in crops are not clearly described. Many herbicide-resistant weeds includingAmaranthusandChenopodiumdo not support AMF symbioses, potentially reducing AMF propagule density and establishment with crop plants. Herbicides applied to control HR weeds may compound effects of weeds on soil microorganisms. Systemic herbicides released through weed roots may select microbial groups that mediate detrimental processes such as nutrient immobilization or serve as opportunistic pathogens. Understanding complex interactions of weeds with soil microorganisms under extensive infestations is important in developing effective management of herbicide-resistant weeds.

Soil microbial mechanisms promoting ultrahigh rice yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 107741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangquanwei Zhong ◽  
Jihong Hu ◽  
Qiongmei Xia ◽  
Shilai Zhang ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Yield ◽  
Soil Microbial

scholarly journals Soil biochemical activities after the application of pyroligneous acid to soil

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Cardelli ◽  
Michelangelo Becagli ◽  
Fausto Marchini ◽  
Alessandro Saviozzi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Pyroligneous Acid

Pyroligneous acid (PA) is produced during the combustion of woody biomass and is a complex aqueous fraction resulting from the thermochemical rupture of the components of vegetable biomass. We evaluated the effect of PA on the soil microbial community and activity in order to assess the applicability of this acid in soil and to gather further information on the mechanisms of its toxicity or stimulation. Five concentrations of PA solution (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5%) were selected to monitor the biochemical parameters of the soil. The respirometric test showed that the increase in the evolved carbon dioxide-carbon (C) was not due to a release of the native organic C from the soil, but only from the organic compounds of PA. The highest values of microbial biomass content were found in the soil treated with the lowest PA doses, but decreased with increased doses. At higher application doses (2 and 5%), there was a decrease in most enzymatic activities and a loss of soil quality. When PA was applied in doses of up to 1%, our results indicated no negative effects on soil biology and that there was even an improvement.

A new dawn for soil biology: video analysis of root-soil-microbial-faunal interactions

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 235-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lussenhop ◽  
Robert Fogel ◽  
Kurt Pregitzer
Keyword(s):  
Video Analysis ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Microbial
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