Root traits mediate functional guilds of soil nematodes in an ex-arable field

Future climate scenarios predict changes in rainfall regimes. These changes are expected to affect plants via effects on the expression of root traits associated with water and nutrient uptake. Associated microorganisms may also respond to these new precipitation regimes, either directly in response to changes in the soil environment or indirectly in response to altered root trait expression. We characterised arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in an Australian grassland exposed to experimentally altered rainfall regimes. We used Illumina sequencing to assess the responses of AM fungal communities associated with four plant species sampled in different watering treatments and evaluated the extent to which shifts were associated with changes in root traits. We observed that altered rainfall regimes affected the composition but not the richness of the AM fungal communities, and we found distinctive communities in the increased rainfall treatment. We found no evidence of altered rainfall regime effects via changes in host physiology because none of the studied traits were affected by changes in rainfall. However, specific root length was observed to correlate with AM fungal richness, while concentrations of phosphorus and calcium in root tissue and the proportion of root length allocated to fine roots were correlated to community composition. Our study provides evidence that climate change and its effects on rainfall may influence AM fungal community assembly, as do plant traits related to plant nutrition and water uptake. We did not find evidence that host responses to altered rainfall drive AM fungal community assembly in this grassland ecosystem.

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On the fauna of soil nematodes of virgin and anthropogenically disturbed dry-steppe landscapes of the Manych Valley

Studies of the Southern Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences ◽

10.23885/1993-6621-2018-7-165-175 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 165-175

Author(s):

V.Yu. Shmatko ◽

◽

L.P. Iljina ◽

Keyword(s):

Soil Nematodes ◽

Dry Steppe

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Ecotoxicological assessment of arable field soils fertilized with sewage sludge

Ekologija ◽

10.2478/v10055-009-0018-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 142-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Irena Eitminavičiūtė ◽

Audronė Matusevičiūtė ◽

Valerijus Gasiūnas ◽

Milda Radžiūtė ◽

Neda Grendienė

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Ecotoxicological Assessment ◽

Arable Field ◽

Field Soils

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Forms of Lead in Profiles of Differently Use Soil

Soil Annual Science ◽

10.2478/v10239-012-0040-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 41-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Iwona Makuch

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Lead Content ◽

Soil Profiles ◽

Allotment Gardens ◽

Arable Field ◽

Fraction I ◽

The Town ◽

House Gardens ◽

Humus Horizons

Abstract In order to determine the influence of intensive horticulture on the amount of lead and its fraction contents, there were selected soil profiles from following objects to be researched: house gardens and allotment gardens from town areas and arable field on the outskirts of the town. It has not been determined that there is any influence of manner usage on total lead content as well as its distribution in soil profiles. The fractionation composition has created the following series: fraction IV > fraction III > fraction II > fraction I. The manner of usage has influenced the content and distribution the III fraction of lead connected with organic matter. Humus horizons of garden soils is characterized as the highest in its content.

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Morphological and Physiological Root Traits and Their Relationship with Nitrogen Uptake in Wheat Varieties Released from 1915 to 2013

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11061149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1149

Author(s):

Guglielmo Puccio ◽

Rosolino Ingraffia ◽

Dario Giambalvo ◽

Gaetano Amato ◽

Alfonso S. Frenda

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Root System ◽

N Uptake ◽

Specific Root Length ◽

Root Traits ◽

Wheat Breeding ◽

N Availability ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Uptake Efficiency ◽

Positive Effects

Identifying genotypes with a greater ability to absorb nitrogen (N) may be important to reducing N loss in the environment and improving the sustainability of agricultural systems. This study extends the knowledge of variability among wheat genotypes in terms of morphological or physiological root traits, N uptake under conditions of low soil N availability, and in the amount and rapidity of the use of N supplied with fertilizer. Nine genotypes of durum wheat were chosen for their different morpho-phenological characteristics and year of their release. The isotopic tracer 15N was used to measure the fertilizer N uptake efficiency. The results show that durum wheat breeding did not have univocal effects on the characteristics of the root system (weight, length, specific root length, etc.) or N uptake capacity. The differences in N uptake among the studied genotypes when grown in conditions of low N availability appear to be related more to differences in uptake efficiency per unit of weight and length of the root system than to differences in the morphological root traits. The differences among the genotypes in the speed and the ability to take advantage of the greater N availability, determined by N fertilization, appear to a certain extent to be related to the development of the root system and the photosynthesizing area. This study highlights some variability within the species in terms of the development, distribution, and efficiency of the root system, which suggests that there may be sufficient grounds for improving these traits with positive effects in terms of adaptability to difficult environments and resilience to climate change.

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The effects of plant resource inputs on the energy flux of soil nematodes are affected by climate and plant resource type

Soil Ecology Letters ◽

10.1007/s42832-021-0081-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 134-144

Author(s):

Lina Zhao ◽

Binbin Yu ◽

Mengmeng Wang ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Zhifeng Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Flux ◽

Soil Nematodes ◽

Plant Resource ◽

Resource Type

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Nematode community structure and functional guilds differ in tea fields and tropical forest

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 392 ◽

pp. 115006

Author(s):

Hannah Karuri

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Tropical Forest ◽

Nematode Community ◽

Functional Guilds

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Modulation of levamisole and nicotine toxicity in soil nematodes Caenorhabditis elegans and Caenorhabditis briggsae by moderate heat stress and ambient pH

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/594/1/012016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 594 ◽

pp. 012016

Author(s):

A V Egorova ◽

R R Kolsanova ◽

E B Belova ◽

D M Khakimova ◽

R R Shagidullin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Soil Nematodes ◽

Caenorhabditis Briggsae

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Functional Trait Responses to Strip Clearcutting in a Moso Bamboo Forest

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12060793 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 793

Author(s):

Yaxiong Zheng ◽

Fengying Guan ◽

Shaohui Fan ◽

Yang Zhou ◽

Xiong Jing

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Functional Traits ◽

Root Length ◽

Fine Root ◽

Root Traits ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Functional Characteristics ◽

Functional Features

Functional characteristics reflect plant strategies and adaptability to the changing environment. Determining the dynamics of these characteristics after harvesting would improve the understanding of forest response strategies. Strip clearcutting (SC) of moso bamboo forests, which significantly reduces the cutting cost, has been proposed to replace manual selective harvesting. A comparison of restoration features shows that 8 m is the optimal cutting width. However, the precise response of functional features to the resulting harvest-created gap remains unclear. In this study, three SC plots were selected which was performed in February 2019, with three unharvested plots as a control (C). The study focused on 10 functional traits, including leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf nitrogen content (LNC), leaf phosphorus content (LPC), nitrogen/phosphorus ratio (N:P), wood density (WD), fine root biomass (FRB), specific fine root length (SRL), and root length density (RLD). A one-way ANOVA was used to compare differences in functional traits and soil nutrients between treatments. Strip clearcutting significantly reduced the soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents (p < 0.05). In terms of functional characteristics, SC significantly decreased LA and increased LNC, LPC, and N:P (p < 0.05). However, SC had no significant effect on fine root traits (p > 0.05). This study highlighted that root trait, soil content of total phosphorus (TP) and total potassium (TK) returned to the level of uncut plots after a year’s recovery. The LPC, LNC, and N:P were negatively correlated with LA, and LDMC and WD were negatively correlated with SLA, while the effect of SC on fine root traits was limited (p > 0.05). Fine root traits (FRB, RLD, and SRL) were positively associated with SOC, TN, and TP, but negatively correlated with TK. The changes in soil nutrient content caused by the removal of biomass were normal. Increased light and the rapid growth of new trees will increase nutrient regressions; therefore, these results further confirm the feasibility of SC.

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