Cleft cavum of the septum pellucidum in victims of fatal road traffic accidents: a distinct type of cavum associated with severe diffuse axonal injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. S30-S35 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Eymard Homem Pittella ◽  
Sebastião Gusmão
2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (3B) ◽  
pp. 746-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastião Nataniel Silva Gusmão ◽  
José Eymard Homem Pittella

OBJECTIVE: Although acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and diffuse axonal injury (DAI) are commonly associated in victims of head injury due to road traffic accidents, there are only two clinico-pathological studies of this association. We report a clinical and pathological study of 15 patients with ASDH associated with DAI. METHOD: The patients were victims of road traffic accidents and were randomly chosen. The state of consciousness on hospital admission was evaluated by the Glasgow coma scale. For the identification of axons the histological sections of the brain were stained with anti-neurofilament proteins. RESULTS: Twelve of the 15 patients were admitted to hospital in a state of coma; in three patients, the level of consciousness was not evaluated, as they died before hospital admission. CONCLUSION: The poorer prognosis in patients with ASDH who lapse into coma immediately after sustaining a head injury, as described by several authors, can be explained by the almost constant association between ASDH and DAI in victims of fatal road traffic accidents.


1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 894-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Sahuquillo-Barris ◽  
Jose Lamarca-Ciuro ◽  
Jorge Vilalta-Castan ◽  
Enrique Rubio-Garcia ◽  
Manuel Rodriguez-Pazos

✓ The association of acute subdural hematoma (SDH) and diffuse axonal injury has received little attention in the literature. The authors report the clinicopathological findings in six patients who died of severe head injury in whom computerized tomography revealed acute SDH as the predominant lesion. All patients were injured in road traffic accidents and lost consciousness on impact. The mean total contusion index was 17.4 and severe contusions were seen in only two cases. All patients presented histological criteria of intracranial hypertension (pressure necrosis focus in one or both parahippocampal gyri). Hypoxic brain damage was evident in the postmortem examination of three patients. In three cases, macroscopic hematic lesions were observed in the corpus callosum. All patients had widespread axonal retraction balls disseminated in the white brain matter. Three patients who survived for more than 11 days had microglial clusters. In some patients with a head injury, acute SDH may be only an epiphenomenon of a primary impact lesion of variable severity: that is, a diffuse axonal injury. In these cases, the final outcome is fundamentally dependent on the severity of the subjacent diffuse axonal injury.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 20531-20536
Author(s):  
Nusrat Shamima Nur ◽  
M. S. l. Mullick ◽  
Ahmed Hossain

Background: In Bangladesh fatality rate due to road traffic accidents is rising sharply day by day. At least 2297 people were killed and 5480 were injured in road traffic accidents within 1st six months of 2017.Whereas in the previous year at 2016 at least 1941 people were killed and 4794 were injured within the 1st six months. No survey has been reported in Bangladesh yet correlating ADHD as a reason of impulsive driving which ends up in a road crash.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Anjankar Ashish P ◽  
Anjankar Vaibhav P ◽  
Anjankar Anil J ◽  
Kanyal Lata

COVID 19 is undeniably one of the deadliest diseases that humanity has ever seen. It continues to affect the lives and livelihood of people appallingly across the world. Maximum discussions focus towards the apprehension of catching the infection, dwelling in homes, overpopulated nursing homes and shut down of all kinds. But, here let’s discuss the positive side of COVID 19 pandemic.As COVID 19 has spread its influence all over the world, affected countries have either announced lockdown or have implemented severe restrictions in their respective countries. Because of this, everyone dwells in their homes. Thus, exercising social distancing and functioning from home. All of the above is directed at restricting the transmission of coronavirus and expectantly ostracising the fatality from COVID 19. These transformations have also brought about some unanticipated emanations; some good things have come out of the pandemic as well. Positive effects of COVID 19 are seen on reduced road traffic, and road traffic accidents lowered levels of air pollution which has to lead to lowered heart attack rates and rejuvenating environment. Crime rates have fallen, and expenses are reduced in most places. Community action, communication amongst families, behaviour, sanitation, hygiene, online and distance education has positively impacted by COVID 19 pandemic. COVID 19 despite a bane for humans, can be thought of a boon for living beings. The habitats and elements have been purified with the stringent use of petrochemical products. To breathe fresh air and to consume purified water is a boon by itself. Now, it is time for humans to lead a caring life to every bounty bestowed on them by Nature. This thoughtful and considerate life will give hope for a healthy, stress-free life.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Shakeer Kahn P. ◽  
Surendra Babu D. ◽  
Khadervali N. ◽  
Chandrasekhar C. ◽  
...  

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