Arthroscopic Ultrasound Technique for Simultaneous Quantitative Assessment of Articular Cartilage and Subchondral Bone: An In Vitro and In Vivo Feasibility Study

Objective To establish a method for investigating the permeability of calcified cartilage zone (CCZ) and to observe solute transport between articular cartilage (AC) and subchondral bone (SB) through intact CCZ in vivo. Design We developed a novel fixing device combined with un-decalcified fluorescence observation method to address the permeability of CCZ in live mice. Twenty-four Balb/c female mice aged 1 to 8 months were used to observe the development of CCZ. Eighty-four Balb/c female mice (aged 1 or 6 months) with mature or immature CCZ of distal femur were used to investigate the permeability of intact CCZ in vivo. Diffusivity of rhodamine B (476 Da) and tetramethyl-rhodamine isothicyanate-dextran (TRITC-Dextran, 20 kDa) was tested from AC to SB in 0 minutes, 1 minute, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours. None diffused knee joints (0 minutes) served as blank control, while in vitro immersion of distal femurs in rhodamine B or TRITC-Dextran for 72 hours served as positive control. Results CCZ was well developed in 6-month mice. Both tracers penetrated immature CCZ down to SB in less than 1 hour in live mice, while the diffusion of both tracers decreased rapidly at tidemark in all testing time points. Conclusion Current study provided direct evidence of blocking effect of CCZ in solute transportation during short diffusion period in live animal, indicating the important role of CCZ in joint development and microenvironment maintenance.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of [CONFERENCE POSTER]: Transcriptomic analysis of in vitro postnatal maturation in articular cartilage: evidence for subchondral bone-cartilage crosstalk.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717952798.793458328 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Ivan Martin ◽

Celeste Scotti

Keyword(s):

Articular Cartilage ◽

Subchondral Bone ◽

Transcriptomic Analysis ◽

Postnatal Maturation

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Effects of in vitro low oxygen tension preconditioning of buccal fat pad stem cells on in Vivo articular cartilage tissue repair

Life Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119728 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 119728

Author(s):

Fatemeh Dehghani Nazhvani ◽

Leila Mohammadi Amirabad ◽

Arezo Azari ◽

Hamid Namazi ◽

Simzar Hosseinzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Buccal Fat Pad ◽

Low Oxygen Tension

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Potential Implantable Nanofibrous Biomaterials Combined with Stem Cells for Subchondral Bone Regeneration

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13143087 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 3087

Author(s):

Rana Smaida ◽

Luc Pijnenburg ◽

Silvia Irusta ◽

Erico Himawan ◽

Gracia Mendoza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Subchondral Bone ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Sodium Hyaluronate ◽

Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽

Regenerative Ability ◽

Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone

The treatment of osteochondral defects remains a challenge. Four scaffolds were produced using Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved polymers to investigate their therapeutic potential for the regeneration of the osteochondral unit. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone) (PVP) scaffolds were made by electrohydrodynamic techniques. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and/or sodium hyaluronate (HA) can be then loaded to PCL nanofibers and/or PVP particles. The purpose of adding hydroxyapatite and sodium hyaluronate into PCL/PVP scaffolds is to increase the regenerative ability for subchondral bone and joint cartilage, respectively. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) were seeded on these biomaterials. The biocompatibility of these biomaterials in vitro and in vivo, as well as their potential to support MSC differentiation under specific chondrogenic or osteogenic conditions, were evaluated. We show here that hBM-MSCs could proliferate and differentiate both in vitro and in vivo on these biomaterials. In addition, the PCL-HAp could effectively increase the mineralization and induce the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts in an osteogenic condition. These results indicate that PCL-HAp biomaterials combined with MSCs could be a beneficial candidate for subchondral bone regeneration.

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of KMUP-1 and in Vivo Analysis of Its Therapeutic Potential in Osteoarthritis

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9060615 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 615

Author(s):

Shang-En Huang ◽

Erna Sulistyowati ◽

Yu-Ying Chao ◽

Bin-Nan Wu ◽

Zen-Kong Dai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Articular Cartilage ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Gene Expressions ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthropathy that is mainly characterized by dysregulation of inflammatory responses. KMUP-1, a derived chemical synthetic of xanthine, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Here, we aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of KMUP-1. Protein and gene expressions of inflammation markers were determined by ELISA, Western blotting and microarray, respectively. RAW264.7 mouse macrophages were cultured and pretreated with KMUP-1 (1, 5, 10 μM). The productions of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-2 and MMP- 9 were reduced by KMUP-1 pretreatment in LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells. The expressions of iNOS, TNF-α, COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were also inhibited by KMUP-1 pretreatment. The gene expression levels of TNF and COX families were also downregulated. In addition, KMUP-1 suppressed the activations of ERK, JNK and p38 as well as phosphorylation of IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, SIRT1 inhibitor attenuated the inhibitory effect of KMUP-1 in LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In vivo study showed that KMUP-1 reduced mechanical hyperalgesia in monoiodoacetic acid (MIA)-induced rats OA. Additionally, KMUP-1 pretreatment reduced the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in MIA-injected rats. Moreover, macroscopic and histological observation showed that KMUP-1 reduced articular cartilage erosion in rats. Our results demonstrated that KMUP-1 inhibited the inflammatory responses and restored SIRT1 in vitro, alleviated joint-related pain and cartilage destruction in vivo. Taken together, KMUP-1 has the potential to improve MIA-induced articular cartilage degradation by inhibiting the levels and expression of inflammatory mediators suggesting that KMUP-1 might be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.

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A composite scaffold of Wharton’s jelly and chondroitin sulphate loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells repairs articular cartilage defects in rat knee

Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10856-021-06506-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Zhong Li ◽

Yikang Bi ◽

Qi Wu ◽

Chao Chen ◽

Lu Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Composite Scaffold ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Cartilage Defects ◽

Human Umbilical Cord ◽

Composite Scaffolds ◽

Articular Cartilage Defects

AbstractTo evaluate the performance of a composite scaffold of Wharton’s jelly (WJ) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) and the effect of the composite scaffold loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in repairing articular cartilage defects, two experiments were carried out. The in vitro experiments involved identification of the hUCMSCs, construction of the biomimetic composite scaffolds by the physical and chemical crosslinking of WJ and CS, and testing of the biomechanical properties of both the composite scaffold and the WJ scaffold. In the in vivo experiments, composite scaffolds loaded with hUCMSCs and WJ scaffolds loaded with hUCMSCs were applied to repair articular cartilage defects in the rat knee. Moreover, their repair effects were evaluated by the unaided eye, histological observations, and the immunogenicity of scaffolds and hUCMSCs. We found that in vitro, the Young’s modulus of the composite scaffold (WJ-CS) was higher than that of the WJ scaffold. In vivo, the composite scaffold loaded with hUCMSCs repaired rat cartilage defects better than did the WJ scaffold loaded with hUCMSCs. Both the scaffold and hUCMSCs showed low immunogenicity. These results demonstrate that the in vitro construction of a human-derived WJ-CS composite scaffold enhances the biomechanical properties of WJ and that the repair of knee cartilage defects in rats is better with the composite scaffold than with the single WJ scaffold if the scaffold is loaded with hUCMSCs.

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Combined Effects of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and PLGA-PEG-PLGA Scaffolds on Repair of Articular Cartilage Defect

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.815.345 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 815 ◽

pp. 345-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ching Wen Hsu ◽

Ping Liu ◽

Song Song Zhu ◽

Feng Deng ◽

Bi Zhang

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Articular Cartilage ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Cartilage Defect ◽

Cartilage Regeneration ◽

Tissue Growth ◽

Cartilage Defects

Here we reported a combined technique for articular cartilage repair, consisting of bone arrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide-b-ethylene glycol-b-dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock copolymers carried with tissue growth factor (TGF-belat1). In the present study, BMMSCs seeded on PLGA-PEG-PLGA with were incubated in vitro, carried or not TGF-belta1, Then the effects of the composite on repair of cartilage defect were evaluated in rabbit knee joints in vivo. Full-thickness cartilage defects (diameter: 5 mm; depth: 3 mm) in the patellar groove were either left empty (n=18), implanted with BMMSCs/PLGA (n=18), TGF-belta1 modified BMMSCs/PLGA-PEG-PLGA. The defect area was examined grossly, histologically at 6, 24 weeks postoperatively. After implantation, the BMMSCs /PLGA-PEG-PLGA with TGF-belta1 group showed successful hyaline-like cartilage regeneration similar to normal cartilage, which was superior to the other groups using gross examination, qualitative and quantitative histology. These findings suggested that a combination of BMMSCs/PLGA-PEG-PLGA carried with tissue growth factor (TGF-belat1) may be an alternative treatment for large osteochondral defects in high loading sites.

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