A combined approach for a better understanding of wastewater treatment plants operation: Statistical analysis of monitoring database and sludge physico-chemical characterization

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 981-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Avella ◽  
T. Görner ◽  
J. Yvon ◽  
P. Chappe ◽  
P. Guinot-Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Physico Chemical

scholarly journals Microplastics in Sewage Sludge: A Known but Underrated Pathway in Wastewater Treatment Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12591
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Collivignarelli ◽  
Marco Carnevale Miino ◽  
Francesca Maria Caccamo ◽  
Chiara Milanese
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sludge Properties ◽  
Collection Methods

Interest in the presence of microplastics (MPs) in wastewater has grown significantly in recent years. In fact, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) represent the last barrier before the discharge of MPs into an aquatic ecosystem. The research has highlighted how MPs are in part effectively removed from the waters and accumulated inside the sewage sludge (SeS) produced by the WWTP, being a cause for concern, especially in the case of agricultural reuse. This work aims to analyze the existing literature on the (i) methodical procedure for MPs analysis (thermal, spectroscopic, optical analyses), (ii) qualitative and quantitative presence of MPs in SeS, (iii) effect on sludge properties, and (iv) the possible accumulation in amended soils. Based on the results already obtained in the literature, this work aims to provide critical insights to stimulate interest in the topic and direct future research on aspects that should be deepened. In particular, it emerges that there is a clear need for standardization of the collection methods and the analytical techniques for identifying and quantifying MPs, since their physico-chemical characterization and the study on aging and on the response towards acid or basic pre-treatments are fundamental for the understanding of microplastics ecotoxicological potential.

scholarly journals ENZYMATIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT

World Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancey Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Physico Chemical

Enzymes are biocatalysts provided by cells and are used in most metabolic methods. Most enzymes are consisting of proteins containing tertiary amino acid which bind to co enzyme or metal ions. Enzymes are accelerating biochemical processes by some mechanisms to chemical catalysts e.g metals, metal oxides and metal ions. Enzymes can be very effective under conditions e.g (temperature, atmospheric pressure and PH). Many enzymes have hydrolyzing, oxidizing and reducing characters. Enzymatic reactions always provide less side effects reactions and fewer waste by products. That is why microbial Enzymes can give an effective and environmental safe alternatives as metabolic inorganic chemical catalysts which can be used in all over pharmaceutical industrial processes. Enzymes are used in waste water treatment. Treatment technologies depend on physico-chemical approaches in wastewater treatment plants which require skills, high operation costs (in terms of high energy and chemical demand). Wastewater treatment is operated to protect the quality of limited freshwater resources, which are most times the final discharge points of effluents, and also, to promote the reusability of expended clean water; amounts of hazardous aromatic byproducts are still generated [3, 4]. The observation shows that wastewater treatment plants, though liable to remove microcontaminants such as heavy metals, and to a far lesser extent, aromatic contaminants, were originally structured for the removal of solid wastes, ecofriendly organic matter and eutrophication stimulants from wastewater, thereby reducing eutrophicating pollution loads; the micropollutants may only be moderately affected by the chemical, physical and biological interactions within the treatment plants.

Early warning-system for operation-failures in biological stages of WWTPs by on-line image analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Heine ◽  
I. Sekoulov ◽  
H. Burkhardt ◽  
L. Bergen ◽  
J. Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biological Parameter ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Sludge Flocs ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Microscopic Picture

By the observation and evaluation of the microscopic picture of activated sludge samples it is possible to introduce another biological parameter additional to conventional physico-chemical parameters for the control of biological stages of waste water treatment plants. Considering the fact that parameters like floc size and floc size distribution, structure of the flocs (compact/open), shape of the flocs (round/irregular) allow perceptions of the adjusted operation conditions of the biological stages, evidence for changing operation conditions or threatening operation disturbances can be recognised. This recognition takes place at a very early phase, because the morphology of activated sludge flocs reacts very fast to changing conditions. An automatic image analysis of activated sludge floc pictures would enable the introduction of a new sum parameter to enhance operation control of aeration tanks. By a statistical evaluation of the processed sludge images several parameters can be used to describe the alteration of activated sludge flocs characteristics. With these biological parameters it is possible to detect altered operation conditions or threatening or existing operation problems at an early phase. Thus it is possible to plan suitable countermeasures. Furthermore, the microscopic picture is the only parameter, that gives important information about the structure of the activated sludge flocs and the biozenosis. In comparison with the mainly used physico-chemical parameters, that just give information about the inlet and outlet of the wastewater treatment plants, the microscopic picture is the only parameter that gives information about the biology of the wastewater treatment process. By means of this biological parameter an improved control and regulation of the biological stages of wastewater treatment plants can be obtained.

scholarly journals Environmental Footprint of Wastewater Treatment: A Step Forward in the Use of Toxicological Tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6827
Author(s):  
Giorgio Bertanza ◽  
Jennifer Boniotti ◽  
Elisabetta Ceretti ◽  
Donatella Feretti ◽  
Giovanna Mazzoleni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Battery Of Bioassays

The assessment of the actual impact of discharged wastewater on the whole ecosystem and, in turn, on human health requires the execution of bioassays. In effect, based on the chemical characterization alone, the synergistic/antagonistic effect of mixtures of pollutants is hardly estimable. The aim of this work was to evaluate the applicability of a battery of bioassays and to suggest a smart procedure for results representation. Two real wastewater treatment plants were submitted to analytical campaigns. Several baseline toxicity assays were conducted, together with tests for the determination of endocrine activity, genetic toxicity and carcinogenicity of wastewater. A “traffic light” model was adopted for an easy-to-understand visualization of the results. Although the legal prescriptions of chemical parameters are fully complied with, bioassays show that a certain biological activity still residues in the treated effluents. Moreover, influent and effluent responses are not always appreciably different. Some tests employing human cells were revealed to be only partially adequate for environmental applications. An interesting and helpful development of the present approach would consist in the estimation of biological equivalents of toxicity, as shown for the estrogenic compound 17-β-estradiol.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Marine Ecotoxic State in the Moroccan Coastal Area Anza-Taghazout following the Installation of Two Wastewater Treatment Plants: A Multibiomarker Study using Mytilus Galloprovincialis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOUSSEF EL MOURABIT ◽  
Mustapha Agnaou ◽  
Aicha Ait Alla ◽  
Abdellatif Moukrim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Xenobiotic Exposure ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
Marine Bivalves ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The aim of the present study is the first to evaluate the ecotoxic state of the marine environment in Anza-Taghazout coasts (Morocco) after installation of two Wastewater Treatment Plants using a natural population of marine bivalves M. galloprovincialis. These coasts are exposed to many discharges generating, thus, different sources of pollutants. These pollutants can modulate the physiological responses of marine bivalves to environmental stress. In this context, a multi-biomarker approach consisting of a battery of biomarkers evaluation was used to assess the response of these species to stress. In the whole soft tissues of M. galloprovincialis, four biomarkers were evaluated: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), Glutathione S-transferase (GST), Catalase (Cat) and malondialdehyde activity (MDA). In parallel, physico-chemical parameters were measured in the marine water of Anza-Taghazout within three selected sites: S1 considered as ‘hotspot’ located at Anza city; S2 located near of Aourir city and the third site, S3 ‘reference’ located in Imouran beach. Our results showed that activities of both Gluthation-S-Transferase and Catalase were higher in M. galloprovincialis collected from site S1, but high values of Malondialdehyde and Acetylcholinesterase activities were observed successively at S3 and S2. Application of Integrated Biomarker Response index (IBR) was suitable for classifying the stress response in the M. galloprovincialis but did not allow to evaluate the level of the xenobiotic exposure in the studied sites. The statistical results did not show any significant differences between the three studied sites and therefore S1 has recently become clean due to the installation of two wastewater treatment plants.

Removal of Organic Matter by Physico-Chemical Mechanisms in Wastewater Treatment Plants

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 167-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Boller
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Organics Removal ◽  
Trace Organics ◽  
Dissolved Organics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Solids Separation

Solids separation, adsorption onto participates and volatilization are the main physico-chemical mechanisms responsible for the removal of organic matter in wastewater treatment plants. In addition, solids separation as well as adsorption performance may be enhanced by chemical flocculation/precipitation with hydrolyzing metal salts. With the help of particle size distributions and other characteristics of the particulates at different treatment stages, more insight can be gained into the interactions between paniculate properties and solids separation performance. Significant removal of trace organics is achieved by adsorption onto paniculate surfaces and stripping in aeration tanks. Examples illustrate the adsorption of the relatively large quantities of substances contained in detergents and reveal the effect on water and sludge quality. Octanol/water partition coefficients of trace organics may be used together with oxygen transfer characteristics to determine the potential of volatilization into the air. The effect of flocculants on paniculate and dissolved organics removal in wastewater treatment is illustrated when Fe-salts are dosed to raw sewage, to the biological stage or to tertiary filters.

Analysis and balance of phosphorous removal from wastewater at urban wastewater treatment plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-151
Author(s):  
Peter Lukac ◽  
Lubos Jurik
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The Mean

Abstract:Phosphorus is a major substance that is needed especially for agricultural production or for the industry. At the same time it is an important component of wastewater. At present, the waste management priority is recycling and this requirement is also transferred to wastewater treatment plants. Substances in wastewater can be recovered and utilized. In Europe (in Germany and Austria already legally binding), access to phosphorus-containing sewage treatment is changing. This paper dealt with the issue of phosphorus on the sewage treatment plant in Nitra. There are several industrial areas in Nitra where record major producers in phosphorus production in sewage. The new wastewater treatment plant is built as a mechanicalbiological wastewater treatment plant with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, sludge regeneration, an anaerobic zone for biological phosphorus removal at the beginning of the process and chemical phosphorus precipitation. The sludge management is anaerobic sludge stabilization with heating and mechanical dewatering of stabilized sludge and gas management. The aim of the work was to document the phosphorus balance in all parts of the wastewater treatment plant - from the inflow of raw water to the outflow of purified water and the production of excess sludge. Balancing quantities in the wastewater treatment plant treatment processes provide information where efficient phosphorus recovery could be possible. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. The mean daily value of P tot is approximately 122.3 kg/day of these two sources. There are also two outflows - drainage of cleaned water to the recipient - the river Nitra - 9.9 kg Ptot/day and Ptot content in sewage sludge - about 120.3 kg Ptot/day - total 130.2 kg Ptot/day.

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