scholarly journals Normal force and displacement amplitude influences on silver-plated electrical contacts subjected to fretting wear: A basic friction energy – contact compliance formulation

Wear ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 426-427 ◽  
pp. 652-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pompanon ◽  
J. Laporte ◽  
S. Fouvry ◽  
O. Alquier
Keyword(s):  
Normal Force ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Displacement Amplitude ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Contact Compliance ◽  
Friction Energy

scholarly journals Fretting Wear Behavior of Three Kinds of Rubbers under Sphere-On-Flat Contact

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2153
Author(s):  
Tengfei Zhang ◽  
Jie Su ◽  
Yuanjie Shu ◽  
Fei Shen ◽  
Liaoliang Ke
Keyword(s):  
Normal Force ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Displacement Amplitude ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Force Frequency ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Rubber Surface ◽  
Sealing Materials ◽  
Flat Contact

Rubbers are widely used in various fields as the important sealing materials, such as window seal, door seal, valve, pump seal, etc. The fretting wear behavior of rubbers has an important effect on their sealing performance. This paper presents an experimental study on the fretting wear behavior of rubbers against the steel ball under air conditions (room temperature at 20 ± 2 °C and humidity at 40%). Three kinds of rubbers, including EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer), FPM (fluororubber), and NBR (nitrile–butadiene rubber), are considered in experiments. The sphere-on-flat contact pattern is used as the contact model. The influences of the displacement amplitude, normal force, frequency, and rubber hardness on the fretting wear behavior are discussed in detail. White light profiler and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are used to analyze the wear mechanism of the rubber surface. The fretting wear performances of three rubbers are compared by considering the effect of the displacement amplitude, normal force, frequency, and rubber hardness. The results show that NBR has the most stable friction coefficient and the best wear resistance among the three rubbers.

scholarly journals Experimental Studies on Fretting Wear Behavior of PVDF Piezoelectric Thin Films

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 734
Author(s):  
Yuanjie Shu ◽  
Liaoliang Ke ◽  
Jie Su ◽  
Fei Shen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Displacement Amplitude ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Wear Volume

This paper discusses an in-depth experimental study on the fretting wear behavior of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) piezoelectric thin film against a Si3N4 ceramic sphere under air conditions. A fretting wear device with a ball-on-plate contact configuration was applied. The changes of displacement amplitude, normal force, and applied voltage were taken into account. The friction logs were used to determine the contact state of the PVDF thin film during the fretting test. The 3D topography instrument and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to measure the details of the surface morphology and wear volume. The test results of PVDF thin films under different normal force, displacement amplitude, and applied voltage are summarized through the collection and analysis of experimental data. It is shown that the creep and plastic deformation lead to obvious winkles at the contact surface, which may decrease the specific wear rate of PVDF thin films.

The role of the third body in the fretting wear of 690 alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (09) ◽  
pp. 2050077
Author(s):  
Xue Mi ◽  
Xiao-Ming Bai ◽  
Pan Tang ◽  
Hai Xie ◽  
Jin-Fang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Third Body ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Friction Energy

In this work, to investigate the role of the third body in the fretting behavior of 690 alloy, the fretting capabilities of 690 alloy against 405 stainless steel have been performed under various experimental conditions. The testing normal force and temperature varied from 10 N to 40 N and from room-temperature (RT) to [Formula: see text]C, respectively, at 5 Hz and 200 [Formula: see text]m. The results demonstrated that the profile shape of wear scar was dependent on the action of the wear particles. Three typical profile shapes were examined in this work: “U” shape, “W” shape and “M” shape. The balance of the formation and ejection of wear particles led to a steady value of the coefficient of friction (COF) and friction energy.

Research on Fretting Performance of Silver Conducting Adhesive

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 434-439
Author(s):  
Hui Juan Long ◽  
Xue Yan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Coating ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Gold Plating ◽  
Alloy Base ◽  
Ni Interlayer ◽  
Contact Failure

Fretting is one of the main reasons for electric contact failure. Metal contact pairs have long been used, generally with the structure of copper alloy base, Ni interlayer and surface noble metal (such as gold) plating. The influences of plating material and plating thickness on fretting property have been researched deeply, meanwhile, new materials have been tried. In this paper, a new conductive material, silver conducting adhesive is used as the surface coating of contact pair, and a series of tests have been done to study the performance of fretting wear by compare with the coupons without silver conducting adhesive. The results show that the use of silver conductive adhesive improves the fretting property of electrical contacts, especially with small normal force.

Composite Fretting Wear of Aluminum Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 868-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hao Zhu ◽  
Zhong Rong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Relative Motion ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Contact Configuration ◽  
Inclined Angle ◽  
Flat Contact

A complex relative motion of fretting combined by dual motions of radial and tangential fretting was achieved on a modified fretting tester. The composite fretting motion was induced by the action of an oscillating normal force in a sphere-on-inclined flat contact (52100 steel ball against 2091 aluminum alloy). Two types of inclined angles (45° and 60°) were used in the tests. Variations of veridical force vs displacement have been recorded and analyzed as a function of cycles. Effects of the cyclic normal force and the inclined angle were discussed. The test results showed that wear, cracking and plastic deformation accumulation with a strong dissymmetry in damage morphology was observed. A transformation of fretting mode from composite to radial fretting mode occurred due to a strong modification at local contact configuration. As a conclusion, a physical model for wear mechanism of composite fretting was presented.

An Innovative System for Fretting Wear Testing Under Oscillating Normal Force

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1591-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Huq ◽  
C. Butaye ◽  
J-P. Celis
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Mode Ii ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Electrical Contact Resistance ◽  
Wide Range

Material damage caused by fretting wear is of significant concern in many engineering applications. This paper describes the design and performance of a new machine for the laboratory investigation of fretting wear under oscillating normal force (fretting mode II). The test machine uses an electromagnetic actuator to impose an oscillating normal force between the contacting bodies at a constant force amplitude over a wide range of frequencies. The principle of the actuation mechanism and the fretting wear induced with this particular wear test configuration are outlined in detail. Normal force and electrical contact resistance were measured on-line during fretting mode II wear tests. The performance of the wear test machine is illustrated by data obtained for different materials combinations, namely, hard materials, such as high-speed steel and (Ti,Al)N coatings oscillating against alumina ball counterbodies, and soft materials, such as a tin coating oscillating against the same. In general, wearing of the counterbodies was observed in the slip region. It has been observed that hard coatings and bulk ceramics are prone to fretting fatigue cracking. The evolution of electrical contact resistance in the case of the self-mated soft tin coatings tested under fretting mode II conditions is also reported.

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