T1880 Esophageal Multilayered Epithelium Is a Dynamic Epithelium with Bidirectional (Squamous and Columnar) Differentiation Capability

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-592
Author(s):  
Mari Mino-Kenudson ◽  
Amitabh Srivastava ◽  
Jonathan N. Glickman ◽  
Robert D. Odze
Keyword(s):  
Multilayered Epithelium

Exposure to Both Radiation and Chemotherapy Increases the Risk of Barrett’s and Multilayered Epithelium

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2143-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen M. Shields ◽  
Abram Recht ◽  
Helen H. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Multilayered Epithelium

Definition of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Critical Mini Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-389
Author(s):  
Qin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Esophagogastric Junction ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Squamous Mucosa ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mucosal Folds ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Personal Research ◽  
Multilayered Epithelium

Abstract Context.—Accurate diagnosis of diseases involving the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) is challenging because of difficulty in defining the EGJ endoscopically and histologically. Recent research results have redefined the EGJ, and the endoscopic and histologic diagnostic criteria of the mucosal EGJ have become available. Objective.—To review the recent literature on endoscopy, histology, and pathology of the EGJ with critical analysis. Data Sources.—Recently published research articles and guidelines in the peer-reviewed core journals and personal research results in this field. Conclusions.—At present, the mucosal EGJ can be defined endoscopically as the distal ends of esophageal longitudinal vessels that meet the proximal ends of gastric longitudinal mucosal folds. However, histologic validation of this criterion is needed. The histologic criteria of the EGJ include the distal ends of esophageal squamous mucosa, deep esophageal glands or ducts, or multilayered epithelium. The squamocolumnar junction is not a reliable landmark of the EGJ in patients with diseases involving the EGJ, such as hiatal hernias.

scholarly journals NuMA localization, stability, and function in spindle orientation involve 4.1 and Cdk1 interactions

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 3651-3662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Seldin ◽  
Nicholas D. Poulson ◽  
Henry P. Foote ◽  
Terry Lechler
Keyword(s):  
Protein Complex ◽  
Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Spindle Orientation ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Productive Force ◽  
Asymmetric Divisions ◽  
And Function ◽  
Multilayered Epithelium

The epidermis is a multilayered epithelium that requires asymmetric divisions for stratification. A conserved cortical protein complex, including LGN, nuclear mitotic apparatus (NuMA), and dynein/dynactin, plays a key role in establishing proper spindle orientation during asymmetric divisions. The requirements for the cortical recruitment of these proteins, however, remain unclear. In this work, we show that NuMA is required to recruit dynactin to the cell cortex of keratinocytes. NuMA's cortical recruitment requires LGN; however, LGN interactions are not sufficient for this localization. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we find that the 4.1-binding domain of NuMA is important for stabilizing its interaction with the cell cortex. This is functionally important, as loss of 4.1/NuMA interaction results in spindle orientation defects, using two distinct assays. Furthermore, we observe an increase in cortical NuMA localization as cells enter anaphase. Inhibition of Cdk1 or mutation of a single residue in NuMA mimics this effect. NuMA's anaphase localization is independent of LGN and 4.1 interactions, revealing two distinct mechanisms responsible for NuMA cortical recruitment at different stages of mitosis. This work highlights the complexity of NuMA localization and reveals the importance of NuMA cortical stability for productive force generation during spindle orientation.

Multilayered epithelium in a rat model of Barrett esophagus

2003 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. A638
Author(s):  
Yinghao Su ◽  
Michael Klein ◽  
Ming Fang ◽  
Raj K. Goyal ◽  
Xiaoxin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Barrett Esophagus ◽  
Multilayered Epithelium

scholarly journals Unique pattern of histogenesis of the parakeratinized epithelium on lingual prominence in the domestic goose embryos (Anser anser f. domestica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Skieresz-Szewczyk ◽  
Hanna Jackowiak ◽  
Marlena Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Anser Anser ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Unique Pattern ◽  
Embryonic Period ◽  
Intensive Formation ◽  
Characteristic Part ◽  
Endodermal Origin ◽  
Multilayered Epithelium ◽  
Medial Area

AbstractA triangular lingual prominence (LP) is a characteristic part of the tongue in Anseriformes containing adipose tissue. The parakeratinized epithelium (PEp) covers the LP. Studies aimed to describe the histogenesis of PEp during the process of the intensive formation of the LP in domestic goose during embryonic period and to determine the structural readiness to perform a protective function. The study were conducted by using LM, SEM and TEM technique. The results revealed that on day 16th the undifferentiated epithelium of LP transformed into the typical avian multilayered epithelium. Contrary to pattern of histogenesis of parakeratinized epithelium on the lingual body, on the medial and lateral areas of the elongating and bulging LP were formed epithelial furrows. Which around 20th day, on lateral areas of LP deepened up to half of epithelium, whereas on the medial area began to fade. The ultrastructure of cells lying in furrows indicated progressive apoptosis-like degeneration. On the 25th day, shallow furrows were only present on lateral areas, where bulging of LP was continued. Whereas the epithelium on medial area started cornification by the accumulation of cytokeratin fibers. Lack of the periderm during the development of the PEp of the LP indicated its endodermal origin.

scholarly journals Stepwise polarisation of developing bilayered epidermis is mediated by aPKC and E-cadherin in zebrafish

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prateek Arora ◽  
Shivali Dongre ◽  
Renuka Raman ◽  
Mahendra Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Adherens Junctions ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Adherens Junction ◽  
Stepwise Manner ◽  
Apicobasal Polarity ◽  
Apical Polarity ◽  
Periderm Formation ◽  
Multilayered Epithelium ◽  
E Cadherin

The epidermis, a multilayered epithelium, surrounds and protects the vertebrate body. It develops from a bilayered epithelium formed of the outer periderm and underlying basal epidermis. How apicobasal polarity is established in the developing epidermis has remained poorly understood. We show that both the periderm and the basal epidermis exhibit polarised distribution of adherens junctions in zebrafish. aPKC, an apical polarity regulator, maintains the robustness of polarisation of E-cadherin- an adherens junction component- in the periderm. E-cadherin in one layer controls the localisation of E-cadherin in the second layer in a layer non-autonomous manner. Importantly, E-cadherin controls the localisation and levels of Lgl, a basolateral polarity regulator, in a layer autonomous as well non-autonomous manner. Since periderm formation from the enveloping layer precedes the formation of the basal epidermis, our analyses suggest that peridermal polarity, initiated by aPKC, is transduced in a stepwise manner by E-cadherin to the basal layer.

The Genesis of Barrett Esophagus: Has a Histologic Transition From Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease–Damaged Epithelium to Columnar Metaplasia Ever Been Seen in Humans?

2005 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Riddell
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Barrett Esophagus ◽  
Columnar Metaplasia ◽  
Alkaline Reflux ◽  
Protein Transcription ◽  
Multilayered Epithelium

Abstract Has a histologic transition from gastroesophageal reflux disease–damaged epithelium to columnar metaplasia ever been seen in humans? The answer to this question seems to be that it has but that we either do not readily recognize it or it is not readily recognizable with regular light microscopy. There are at least 3 possible mechanisms for the genesis of Barrett esophagus. The first is ulceration at the gastroesophageal junction with subsequent repair by an epithelium that differentiates into Barrett epithelium. The second is metaplasia through multilayered epithelium. The third is creeping columnar metaplasia at the Z-line proximally followed by intestinalization. These 3 hypotheses may not be mutually exclusive, and all may be operative, depending on the local circumstances, amount of inflammation, erosion, ulcers, healing, acid and alkaline reflux, and use of proton pump inhibitors. Any of the epithelial types involved could be stable and not progress. They might even be reversible, which may also in part explain the mosaic of epithelial types that typify Barrett esophagus, and may be modified by any of the molecular mechanisms that turn protein transcription on and off (eg, promoter methylation, mutations). These mechanisms ultimately may also be involved in the genesis of neoplastic transformation.

Morphology of the spermatheca, oviduct, intermediate chamber, and vagina of the adult snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio)

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (8) ◽  
pp. 1589-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Sainte-Marie ◽  
Bernard Sainte-Marie
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Terminal Segment ◽  
Snow Crab ◽  
Chionoecetes Opilio ◽  
Intermediate Chamber ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Multilayered Epithelium

The morphology of the reproductive tract of the adult female snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) at different stages of reproductive life was examined within the framework of studies on sperm competition. Apart from an ovary and oviduct, the tract consists of an epithelium-lined spermatheca and a cuticle-lined intermediate chamber and vagina. The morphological traits of these components are markedly influenced by the degree of spermathecal loading. Several amendments to previous descriptions are necessary: (i) pouches are not a permanent feature of the spermatheca; (ii) the outer part of the spermatheca wall is a true capsule that overlies a multilayered epithelium divided into anchoring, proliferative, and secretory strata; (iii) spermathecal secretions are of the merocrine type; and (iv) the epithelium of the spermatheca is not pigmented. Tridimensional analysis revealed that the vagina connects to the intermediate chamber via a parietal opening. The intermediate chamber is a flexible structure circled dorsally by 3-5 cuticular folds that project into its lumen. The oviduct crosses the thicker terminal segment of the spermathecal epithelium with a dorsoventral incidence, to a point opposite the parietal opening of the vagina, in such a way that it delivers its contents almost directly into the intermediate chamber. Novel functional implications of these findings are hypothesized.

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