Control of surface morphology of ZnO by hydrochloric acid etching

2002 ◽  
Vol 411 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Maki ◽  
T Ikoma ◽  
I Sakaguchi ◽  
N Ohashi ◽  
H Haneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Acid Etching

The Effect of Acid Etching Process on Surface Morphology and Electrocatalytic Capability of RuO2-IrO2-TiO2/Ti Anode

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1663-1667
Author(s):  
Dong Qu ◽  
Jin Hu ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
Wei Jun Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry Curve ◽  
Pechini Method ◽  
Titanium Substrate ◽  
Etching Process ◽  
Accelerated Life Test ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Accelerated Life

Titanium substrate was etched by oxalic acid and hydrochloric acid respectively. Then the anodes of RuO2-IrO2-TiO2/Ti were prepared by Pechini method. The surface morphology of anodes was studied with SEM, EDX and XRD. The electrocatalytic capability of anodes was studied by polarization curve and cyclic voltammetry curve. The effect of Acid etching process on anode life was studied by accelerated life test. The results show that there was an obvious effect of acid etching on surface morphology of the anodes. The result indicates that the anode with hydrochloric acid etching have the better electrocatalytic capability and accelerated life.

scholarly journals Significant effect of concentration ratio in synthesizing titania nanoflowers (TNF) powder for various application as additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiz Hafeez Azhar ◽  
Zawati Harun ◽  
Muhamad Zaini Yunos ◽  
Azlinorazia Ahmad ◽  
Siti Hajar Mohd Akhair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Titanium Butoxide ◽  
Irregular Pattern ◽  
Shape Of Particles

The significant effect of concentration (TBut/HCl) ratio in synthesizing titania nanoflowers (TNF) towards powder morphologies, crystallographic phases, surface area and band gap were investigated. Various synthesized titania nanostructure were prepared via facile hydrothermal method using titanium butoxide (TBut) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a mixing composition. The morphologies of synthesizing titania powder was analyzed by using FE-SEM to observe the shape and geometry of the synthesized powder. XRD was used to determine the crystallographic phases of synthesized powder at 2θ angles of 25° to 75°. Each samples were then investigated under BET analyzer to observe the particles surface morphology and UV-Vis analyzer to determine the band gap. The results demonstrated that the concentration of TBut/HCl ratio gave a very significant effect in transforming the mixing solution into geometrical shape of microspheres, nanoflowers and nanorods of titania as increasing the ratio. At TN0.5, the synthesized powder was clearly showed a circle geometrical shape of particles. The shape was suddenly change into round nanoflowers form consist of tiny nanorods at TN1. At TN1.5, the powder morphologies shows the nanoflowers started to form in irregular pattern. As the TBut/HCl ratio increased, the nanoflowers form disappeared and nanorods begin to clumps. In addition, all synthesized powder was in rutile phases guided by XRD peaks and band gap value reported from previous works. The particles surface area was also different for each samples since the geometrical shape of powder was change by increasing the concentration (TBut/HCl) ratio. Thus, concentration ratio of the mixing composition plays a major role in transforming the overall morphologies and structures of hydrothermally titania synthesized particles.

Corrosion Performance of Medical Titanium Alloy with Different Surface Morphology

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 1106-1111
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Song Ying Zhang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Ming Xin Li ◽  
Qian Qian Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
Sand Blasting ◽  
Potentiodynamic Polarization Curves ◽  
Corrosion Resistance Property ◽  
Increasing Trend

[Objective] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variation of surface morphology of titanium alloy after sand blasting with different particle sizes of Al2O3sand and acid etching, and its corrosion resistance property. [Methods] The surfaces of titanium alloy were first treated with the different sands and then acid etched with mixture of 18% HCl and 48% H2SO4. The morphology of samples was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The potentiodynamic polarization curves of the various surfaces were obtained by electrochemical workstation (CHI 660E) in simulated body fluid (SBF). [Results and conclusions] It is observed that pore sizes on surface increases with the increase of sand grain diameter while there is no obvious change after acid etching. After sand blasting and acid etching, the corrosion resistance of titanium alloy was improved. However, as the pore size of the surface increases, the corrosion resistance gradually degrades and this becomes even more obvious after acid etching. The investigation of the corrosion rate indicates there is an increasing trend with the emergence of small pores.

Influence of hydrochloric acid etching on bond strength between concrete substrate and repair materials

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangjing Xiong ◽  
Yuqing Cui ◽  
Liqiang Chen ◽  
Hao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Repair Materials

scholarly journals Characterization of Fluorotic Enamel After Microabrasion and Desensitizing Agent

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
V. Zavala-Alonso DDS, MSc,PhD ◽  
G. Roque-Márquez DDS, MSc ◽  
N. Patiño-Marín DDS, MSc, PhD ◽  
D. Silva-Herzog DDS, MSc, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Desensitizing Treatment

Introduction. Enamel microabrasion is a procedure used for removing a superficial layer of enamel that has some alteration of color and/or texture caused by dental fluorosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the microhardness and micromorphology of the fluorotic enamel surface after microabrasion with 6.6% hydrochloric acid and silica or 18% hydrochloric acid and evaluate the effect of desensitizing agent exposure on the treated enamel.  Materials and Methods.  Twenty anterior teeth with moderate fluorosis were divided into two groups: 1) Perla-Dent® group and 2) Opalustre® group. Each buccal surface of incisors was sectioned to obtain samples 3x3 mm. The samples were then mounted in acrylic blocks. The enamel surface of the blocks was polished, after the microabrasion materials and desensitizing agent were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. All samples were analyzed by Vickers microhardness tester and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results. Both experimental groups presented a decrease in the microhardness values, with statistically significant differences (p<0.0001) when comparing the baseline and after treatments values. To compare the microhardness values after both microabrasion and desensitizing treatment in the study groups, it was observed that the Perla-Dent® group obtained lower values than the Opalescence® group with a statistically significant difference (p<0.0001). The representative images of study groups in SEM showed the enamel surface morphology after Perla-Dent® treatment more irregular and a very marked relief than that observed in enamel surface morphology after Opalustre® treatment. Conclusion. The surface of the enamel was more affected with Perla-Dent® treatment than with Opalustre® treatment and the placement of UltraEz® agent does not recover its baseline microhardness.

Research on Development and Characterization of Fly Ash Aggregate for Water Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 2157-2161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Jiang Wu ◽  
Xiao Lv Zhou ◽  
Dao Jing Wang ◽  
Rui Jie Zhu ◽  
Huan Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Raw Material

A fly ash aggregate was been developed with fly ash as main raw material, and dewatering sludge, clay and gesso as auxiliary materials in research. Then the characteristics of surface morphology, wear rate and broken rate, hydrochloric acid soluble rate, bulk density and apparent density, pore ratio and specific surface area, surface roughness were been tested. At the same time, a comparative study with the marketed ceramic ceramsite was been done. The results show that the fly ash aggregate has great advantages in performance characterization over ceramic.

scholarly journals A non-metallic additive for diamond-wire-sawn multi-crystalline silicon texturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 02067
Author(s):  
He Wang ◽  
Chunlan Zhou ◽  
Wenjing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Sodium Polyacrylate ◽  
Diamond Wire ◽  
Etching Solution ◽  
Average Reflectance ◽  
Promising Application ◽  
Metallic Additive

Diamond-wire-sawn (DWS) technology has been widely used in the photovoltaic industry. When using the HF/HNO3/H2O acid etching solution for texturing of DWS multi-crystalline silicon(mc-Si), the aid of additive is required to improve the reactivity of the mc-Si surface in the acid texturing solution. It also needs to enhance the nucleation and uniform growth of the texturing surface. This paper proposes a non-metallic additive for DWS mc-Si texturing. Sodium polyacrylate is added to the HF/HNO3/H2O acid etching solution to reduce the reflectance of DWS mc-Si and improve surface morphology. Compared to the textured wafers without additive, the surface of the wafers using this method is uniformly distributed with pits whose size is 0.5 μm×1 μm. And the weighted average reflectance of the textured wafers can be reduced from 33.32% to 23.9% in the wavelength range of 350–1100 nm, with the lowest reflectance of 19.8% reached at 950 nm. It shows a promising application prospect.

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