Establishing gear tooth surface geometry and normal deviation

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Shunmugam ◽  
S.V.R. Surya Narayana ◽  
V. Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Geometry

New Geometry of Generating Spiral Bevel Gear

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaihong Zhou ◽  
Jinyuan Tang ◽  
Tao Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Bevel Gear ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Spiral Bevel Gear ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Cone Surface ◽  
Spiral Bevel ◽  
Involute Curve

New geometry of generating spiral bevel gear is proposed. The key idea of the new proposed geometry is that the gear tooth surface geometry can be investigated in a developed curved surface based on the planar engagement principle. It is proved that the profile curve on the back of generating cone surface is a conical involute curve. The equations of generated gear tooth surface are achieved by the conical involute curve sweeping along the tooth trace of gear. The obtained equations are explicit and independent of the machine-tool settings. This differs from previous studies. The developed theory is illustrated with numerical examples to compare with the previous method, the comparison approves that the method is possible in this way. The new method indicates that there are new solutions to the design the production of spiral bevel gear.

Establishing gear tooth surface geometry and normal deviationPart II—bevel gears

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Shunmugam ◽  
B.Subba Rao ◽  
V. Jayaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Bevel Gears

An Alternative Method for Evaluating Gear Tooth Surface Geometry Based on Synchronous Average of Vibration of a Gear Pair

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanat Ratanasumawong ◽  
Shigeki Matsumura ◽  
Haruo Houjoh
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Vibration Excitation ◽  
Polar Coordinate

Low noise and vibration in the gearing operation is always required. Inspection by measuring gear tooth surface is a common way to investigate the source of noise and vibration. However many problems probably occur during assembling procedure, or are attributed to the bearing condition of the tooth pairs that certainly cannot be detected when inspecting each gear separately. In this paper, the newly developed method to evaluate gear tooth surface geometry based on vibration measurement is proposed. This method can be done in field. Moreover measured vibration also relates directly with the tooth bearing condition. In this method, vibration of the gear pair is measured and processed by the synchronous averaging technique to extract only the signal of interest. Then the system transfer function obtained experimentally is applied to the averaged-meshing vibration to estimate vibration excitation. Consequently tooth surface geometry directly relating with the vibration excitation can be inversely evaluated. The effectiveness of this method was verified by many experiments done by measuring the vibration of helical gears with various kinds of tooth surface forms at various operating conditions. The evaluated vibration excitations were plotted in the polar coordinate. The changes of amplitude and phase angle of the second order components were found to be suitable and could be used as an indicator to evaluate gear tooth surface form.

Tooth Surface Equations of Offset Orthogonal Face Gear and Simulation

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 512-517
Author(s):  
Xue Yu Peng ◽  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Gear Transmission ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Face Gear ◽  
The Real ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
The Common

Face gear transmission is widely applied for large transmission torque, low vibration and noise, high contact ratio, not sensitive to the axial error and so on. The curved tooth face gear tooth surface geometry is different from the common spur or helical face gear. In this paper, to offset orthogonal curved tooth face gear as the research object, meshing with involute cylindrical worm, studied its tooth surface equations. With MATLAB, SOLIDWORKS and other computer-aided analysis tools, simulating the real tooth surface, drawing the offset orthogonal face gear model respectively.

Estimating Gear Tooth Surface Geometry by Means of the Vibration Measurement: Distinction of the Vibration Characteristics of Gears With Tooth Surface Form Error

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanat Ratanasumawong ◽  
Shigeki Matsumura ◽  
Tetsuo Tatsuno ◽  
Haruo Houjoh
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Contact Condition ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Inspection Time ◽  
Surface Measurement ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Polar Plot ◽  
Inspection Method

Tooth surface measurement is an important way to verify the quality of produced gears. To reduce inspection time and cost, only a few tooth profiles and traces on some teeth are inspected. Measured data are not likely representatives of all gear teeth because errors may occur in assembly procedure and affect tooth contact condition. Frequently, tooth surface measuring data cannot show contact condition and used to predict gear vibration accurately. Field inspection method whose measured results relate directly to the meshing condition is required. This paper derives the relationship between meshing vibration components and the common gear tooth surface geometries of helical gears. The tooth surface geometries considered here are lead crowning, profile convex, pressure angle error, and bias-in modification. The polar plot representation, which plots meshing components in a complex plane, is proposed here to distinguish vibration characteristics of gears with various tooth surface forms. It is found that the vector of the second order of meshing component is valuable for classifying the type of tooth surface geometry.

Modeling of surface roughness in a novel magnetorheological gear profile finishing process

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622097826
Author(s):  
Ravi Datt Yadav ◽  
Anant Kumar Singh ◽  
Kunal Arora
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Gear Profile

Fine finishing of spur gears reduces the vibrations and noise and upsurges the service life of two mating gears. A new magnetorheological gear profile finishing (MRGPF) process is utilized for the fine finishing of spur gear teeth profile surfaces. In the present study, the development of a theoretical mathematical model for the prediction of change in surface roughness during the MRGPF process is done. The present MRGPF is a controllable process with the magnitude of the magnetic field, therefore, the effect of magnetic flux density (MFD) on the gear tooth profile has been analyzed using an analytical approach. Theoretically calculated MFD is validated experimentally and with the finite element analysis. To understand the finishing process mechanism, the different forces acting on the gear surface has been investigated. For the validation of the present roughness model, three sets of finishing cycle experimentations have been performed on the spur gear profile by the MRGPF process. The surface roughness of the spur gear tooth surface after experimentation was measured using Mitutoyo SJ-400 surftest and is equated with the values of theoretically calculated surface roughness. The results show the close agreement which ranges from −7.69% to 2.85% for the same number of finishing cycles. To study the surface characteristics of the finished spur gear tooth profile surface, scanning electron microscopy is used. The present developed theoretical model for surface roughness during the MRGPF process predicts the finishing performance with cycle time, improvement in the surface quality, and functional application of the gears.

Investigation of Noise Features of Planetary Gear Trains Based on Human Aural Characteristic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Nakagawa ◽  
Dai Nishida ◽  
Deepak Sah ◽  
Toshiki Hirogaki ◽  
Eiichi Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Error ◽  
Planetary Gear Trains ◽  
Tooth Stiffness ◽  
Gear Trains

Planetary gear trains (PGTs) are widely used in various machines owing to their many advantages. However, they suffer from problems of noise and vibration due to the structural complexity and giving rise to substantial noise, vibration, and harshness with respect to both structures and human users. In this report, the sound level from PGTs is measured in an anechoic chamber based on human aural characteristic, and basic features of sound are investigated. Gear noise is generated by the vibration force due to varying gear tooth stiffness and the vibration force due to tooth surface error, or transmission error (TE). Dynamic TE is considered to be increased because of internal and external meshing. The vibration force due to tooth surface error can be ignored owing to almost perfect tooth surface. A vibration force due to varying tooth stiffness could be a major factor.

Estimation of Gear Friction Coefficient using Directional Parameter of Tooth Surface

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Junichi Hongu ◽  
Ryohei Horita ◽  
Takao Koide
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Correction Term ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Frictional Coefficients ◽  
Finishing Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study proposes a modification of the Matsumoto equation using a directional parameter of tooth surfaces to adapt various gear finishing processes. The directional parameters of a contact surface, which affect oil film formations, have been discussed in the field of tribology; but this effect has been undetermined on the meshing gear tooth surfaces having directional machining marks. Thus, this paper investigates the relationship between the gear frictional coefficients and the directional parameters (based on ISO25178) of their tooth surfaces with the various finishing processes; and modifies the Matsumoto equation by introducing a new directional parameter to augment the various gear finishing processes. Our findings indicate that through optimizing the coefficient of the correction term the include the new directional parameter, the calculated friction values using the modified Matsumoto equation correlate more highly to the experimental friction values than that using the unmodified Matsumoto equation.

On Satisfaction of the Fifth Necessary Condition of Proper Part Surface Generation in Design of Plunge Shaving Cutter for Finishing of Precision Involute Gears

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (9) ◽  
pp. 969-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Radzevich
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Proper Part ◽  
Surface Generation ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Analytical Mechanics ◽  
Part Surface ◽  
Involute Gears ◽  
Novel Design

In this paper, a novel modified scheme and effective computer representation for design of a plunge shaving cutter is presented. The paper aims to develop a novel design of shaving cutter for plunge shaving of precision involute gears. The study is carried out on the premise of satisfaction of the fifth necessary condition of proper part surface generation (PSG) when designing the plunge shaving cutter. In the current study, the author’s earlier developed DG/K method of surface generation is used together with the principal elements of analytical mechanics of gears. (The DG/K method is based on fundamental results obtained in differential geometry of surfaces, and on kinematics of multi-parametric motion of a rigid body in the E3 space. The interested reader may wish to go for details to the monograph: Radzevich, S.P., Fundamentals of Surface Generation, Monograph, Kiev, Rastan, 2001, 592 pp., and to: Radzevich, S.P., Sculptured Surface Machining on Multi-Axis NC Machine, Monograph, Kiev, Vishcha Schola, 1991, 192 pp.) In the particular case under consideration, the method employs (a) an analytical description of the gear tooth surface to be machined, (b) configuration of the plunge shaving cutter relative to the involute gear, (c) analytical representation of the coordinate systems transformations, and (d) the fifth condition of proper PSG that is adapted to finishing of precision involute gears. The fifth condition of proper PSG is investigated in the paper. On the premise of the obtained results of the investigation, a novel design of plunge shaving cutter for finishing of precision involute gears is proposed. The developed novel design of plunge shaving cutter can be used on shaving machines available on the market, e.g. on Gleason’s new Genesis™ 130SV computer numerical control (CNC) shaving machine.

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