BODY-WEIGHT, ABO BLOOD-GROUPS, AND ALTITUDE AS DETERMINANTS OF SERUM-URIC-ACID

The Lancet ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 294 (7627) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
RoyM. Acheson ◽  
Charles Du V. Florey
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Abo Blood Groups

scholarly journals Mediators of the effect of ertugliflozin on a composite kidney outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: analyses from VERTIS CV

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Z I Cherney ◽  
M Segar ◽  
A Pandey ◽  
C P Cannon ◽  
F Cosentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Composite Outcome ◽  
Average Change ◽  
Post Randomisation

Abstract Introduction Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been shown to slow the decline of kidney function in outcome trials, but the biological mediator(s) underlying the therapeutic benefit are not well established. Purpose We performed a post-hoc analysis exploring potential mediators of the effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor ertugliflozin on the VERTIS CV exploratory kidney composite outcome (sustained 40% decrease from baseline in estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], chronic kidney replacement therapy or kidney death). Methods In VERTIS CV, 8246 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were randomised to placebo, ertugliflozin 5 mg or 15 mg (pooled for analyses, as prospectively planned), and were followed for a mean of 3.5 years. The hazard ratio (HR; 95% confidence interval) for the pre-specified exploratory kidney composite outcome was 0.66 (0.50, 0.88). Cox regression models were used to evaluate covariates that were significantly differentially changed from baseline with ertugliflozin treatment as candidate mediators, with a mediator identified as a covariate when added to an unadjusted model of randomised treatment assignment a) yielded a larger hazard ratio; and b) the mediator retained P<0.05 in the model (eGFR was excluded as a covariate). The percentage of mediation was determined by the proportional increase in the HR between the unadjusted and adjusted models for each post-randomisation period: early (first change from baseline measurement) and average (weighted average of change from baseline from all post-baseline measurements). Each potential mediator was tested individually, so across analyses, mediation % sums to >100%. Results Of 22 covariates significantly changed by ertugliflozin, nine were identified as potential mediators (Table). The covariates with a high percentage of mediation were those related to changes in blood erythrocytes (haemoglobin, haematocrit and red blood cell mass), with average changes in haemoglobin having the highest percentage of mediation (61.8%). Serum uric acid was associated with a mediation of 29.4% and 50.0% for the early and average post-randomisation effect periods, respectively. Early changes in glycated haemoglobin had a large mediation (50%), but the average change during the trial was not significant. Average change in serum albumin had a large mediation (29.4%). Average changes in body weight and systolic blood pressure had percentages of mediation of 41.2% and 14.7%, respectively. Conclusion Multiple factors may be involved in the reduction of the kidney composite outcome observed with ertugliflozin. In the short-term, changes in glycaemia had a high mediation effect. Over the long-term, changes suggestive of haemoconcentration and/or haematopoiesis (natriuresis-related effects), showed the highest percentage of mediation, followed by changes in serum uric acid and body weight (glucosuria-related effects). FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Sponsored by Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA in collaboration with Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA

scholarly journals The Effect of Sodium Channel Blocker, Mexiletine, on Body Weight in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Visceral Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117955141882504
Author(s):  
Naohiko Ueno
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Objective: Mexiletine is an anti-arrhythmic agent also used for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy. In this study, the effect of mexiletine on body weight was evaluated in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic neuropathy exhibiting visceral obesity. Methods: Type 2 diabetes patients with neuropathy exhibiting visceral obesity (n = 21) treated by mexiletine (300 mg/day) and a control group of type 2 diabetes patients with the same condition who received vitamin B12 (n = 12) were retrospectively evaluated. Body weight, waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pressure, liver function, serum lipids, and serum uric acid were assessed before and 6 months after the treatment. Results: Mexiletine significantly decreased body weight and waist circumference. The changes in body weight and waist circumference in 6 months in the mexiletine group were greater than in the control group. In metabolic parameters, there were significant decreases in triglyceride (TG) and serum uric acid. There were positive relationships between the change in body weight and the changes in TG, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and HbA1c. Conclusions: Mexiletine may affect body weight regulation. It ameliorated the metabolic parameters possibly by decreasing visceral fat. Further study should be performed to clarify the mechanism of the effect.

Effects of bariatric surgery on serum uric acid in people with obesity with or without hyperuricaemia and gout: a retrospective analysis

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jine Lu ◽  
Zhiyao Bai ◽  
Yunqing Chen ◽  
Yingxu Li ◽  
Min Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives Weight reduction may reduce serum uric acid (SUA). This study aimed to examine the changes of SUA before and after bariatric surgery in patients with obesity with or without hyperuricaemia and gout. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of 147 routinely collected data on hospital patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery. The body weight and SUA were measured at baseline and after surgery at 1–7 days, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. Results The mean (95% CI) weight reduction of 147 patients was 30.7 (28.7, 32.7) kg 1 year after surgery (P < 0.001). SUA decreased rapidly from 419.0 (400.1, 437.8) µmol/l at baseline to 308.4 (289.6, 327.2) µmol/l at 1–7 days, flared up to 444.8 (423.9, 465.6) µmol/l at 1 month, then decreased again to 383.8 (361.5, 406.1) µmol/l at 3 months, 348.9 (326.3, 371.5) µmol/l at 6 months and 327.9 (305.3, 350.5) µmol/l at 12 months (P < 0.001). Similar trends but more rapid reductions were observed in 55 hyperuricaemia patients and 25 gout patients. All 25 gout patients had an elevated SUA above the therapeutic target (≥360µmmol/l) at baseline, but in 10 patients it was reduced below this target at 12 months. The mean reduction (95% CI) of SUA in all patients and gout patients was 84.3 (63.1–105.4) and 163.6 (103.9, 223.3) µmmol/l, respectively. Conclusion Bariatric surgery significantly reduces body weight and SUA for obese patients with hyperuricaemia and gout. Gout may be considered as an indicator for this surgical treatment in people with severe obesity.

scholarly journals Uricase deficiency causes mild and multiple organ injuries in rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256594
Author(s):  
Nan Fan ◽  
Yun Yu ◽  
Lvyu Li ◽  
Heng Xia ◽  
Xiangxian Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Wild Type Male

Uricase-deficient rats could be one of the optimal model animals to study hyperuricemia. The present study aimed to find the biological differences between uricase-deficient (Kunming-DY rats) and wild-type male rats. Uricase-deficient rats and wild-type rats were commonly bred. Their body weight, water and food consumption, 24-h urine and feces, uric acid in serum and organs, and serum indexes were recorded or assayed. Organs, including the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, thymus, stomach, duodenum, and ileum, were examined using a routine hematoxylin-eosin staining assay. We found that the growth of male uricase-deficient rats was retarded. These rats excreted more urine than the wild-type rats. Their organ indexes (organ weight body weight ratio), of the heart, liver, kidney, and thymus significantly increased, while those of the stomach and small intestine significantly decreased. The uricase-deficient rats had a significantly higher level of serum uric acid and excreted more uric acid via urine at a higher concentration. Except for the liver, uric acid increased in organs and intestinal juice of uricase-deficient rats. Histological examination of the uricase-deficient rats showed mild injuries to the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, thymus, stomach, duodenum, and ileum. Our results suggest that uricase-deficient rats have a different biological pattern from the wild-type rats. Uricase deficiency causes growth retardation of young male rats and the subsequent increase in serum uric acid results in mild organs injuries, especially in the kidney and liver.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide in Glycemic Control and Body Weight Management Among Obese Type 2 Diabetes Patients Initiated or Switched to Semaglutide From Other GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aki Okamoto ◽  
Hirohide Yokokawa ◽  
Tomoko Nagamine ◽  
Hiroshi Fukuda ◽  
Teruhiko Hisaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Body Weight Control

Abstract Background: Evidence of the efficacy and safety of semaglutide among patients with type 2 diabetes who were initiated on or were switched to semaglutide from other GLP-1 RAs remains limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of switching to semaglutide from other GLP-1 RAs.Methods: This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients with type 2 diabetes who were initiated on or were switched to semaglutide due to poor diabetes control with other GLP-1 RAs or other medications, or obesity. HbA1c, body weight, serum creatinine, serum uric acid, parameters of lipid metabolism, and parameters of liver function were measured before and 6 months after administration of semaglutide.Results: A total of 50 patients were registered: 21 men and 29 women, aged 51.3 years. Mean body mass index was 32.2 kg/m2, and serum C-peptide was 2.7mg/mL. After switching to semaglutide (n=43), HbA1c and body weight significantly decreased from 6.72 % to 6.22 % and from 86.5 kg to 82.7 kg, respectively. The same findings were observed in semaglutide-naïve patients (n=7). Serum uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio decreased significantly as well, whereas serum creatinine did not change significantly. Conclusion: Semaglutide showed excellent efficacy, even in patients switched from other GLP-1 RAs. Semaglutide appears to be a promising agent for blood glucose and body weight control in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and could be more potent in treating type 2 diabetes than existing GLP-1 RAs.

scholarly journals Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) Attenuates Serum Uric Acid (SUA) Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Asim Elahi ◽  
Abid Hussain ◽  
Javed Iqbal ◽  
Lubna Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
End Points ◽  
Comparator Group ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter

Background. Hyperuricemia has a strong association with diabetes mellitus. Hyperuricemia can lead to cardiovascular and renal complications in patients with diabetes. The goal of this study was to compare the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors dapagliflozin and empagliflozin on serum uric acid (SUA) levels in patients with type 2 diabetes against traditional oral antihyperglycemic drugs (OADs). Methods. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, 70 patients with type 2 diabetes and elevated SUA levels were assigned to two treatment groups. Patients in group A received SGLT-2 inhibitors tablet dapagliflozin 5 mg to 10 mg and empagliflozin 10 mg to 25 mg. Group B patients received OADs such as glimepiride, metformin, sitagliptin, gliclazide, and glibenclamide as monotherapy or combination therapy. The changes in SUA level were primary end points while changes in body weight and body mass index (BMI) from baseline to end point were secondary end points. Results. After four weeks of treatment, we noted a significant reduction of mean SUA levels in the SGLT-2 inhibitor group from 7.5 ± 2.5 to 6.3 ± 0.8  mg/dl versus comparator group from 7.1 ± 1.8 to 6.8 ± 2.2  mg/dl ( p = 0.001 ). Mean body weight was significantly reduced in the SGLT-2 group from 82 ± 10.4 to 78 ± 12.5  kg versus comparator group from 78 ± 13.2 to 79.2 ± 9.7  kg ( p = 0.001 ). Similarly, the mean BMI of patients in the SGLT-2 group was significantly reduced from 25.7 ± 3.2 to 24.2 ± 3.2  kg/m2 versus comparator group from 27.5 ± 4.2 to 28 ± 3.6  kg/m2 ( p = 0.002 ). Conclusion. SGLT-2 inhibitors have a strong potential to decrease SUA levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Serum Uric Acid in Relation to Body Weight

1966 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 456-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K i ek
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of semaglutide in glycemic control, body weight management, lipid profiles and other biomarkers among obese type 2 diabetes patients initiated or switched to semaglutide from other GLP-1 receptor agonists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aki Okamoto ◽  
Hirohide Yokokawa ◽  
Tomoko Nagamine ◽  
Hiroshi Fukuda ◽  
Teruhiko Hisaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Control Body ◽  
Body Weight Control

Abstract Purpose Evidence of the efficacy and safety of semaglutide among patients with type 2 diabetes who were initiated on or were switched to semaglutide from other GLP-1 RAs remains limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of switching to semaglutide from other GLP-1 RAs. Methods This retrospective cohort study evaluated patients with type 2 diabetes who were initiated on or were switched to semaglutide due to poor diabetes control with other GLP-1 RAs or other medications, or obesity. HbA1c, body weight, serum creatinine, serum uric acid, parameters of lipid metabolism, and parameters of liver function were measured before and 6 months after administration of semaglutide. Results A total of 50 patients were registered in the study. After switching to semaglutide (n = 43), HbA1c and body weight significantly decreased (p < 0.01, p < 0.01), respectively. The same findings were observed in semaglutide-naïve patients (p = 0.04, p < 0.02) (n = 7). Serum uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio decreased significantly as well (p = 0.04, p = 0.04, p = 0.02, p = 0.04), whereas serum creatinine did not change significantly (p = 0.51). Conclusions Semaglutide showed excellent efficacy, even in patients switched from other GLP-1 RAs. Semaglutide appears to be a promising agent for blood glucose and body weight control in obese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and could be more potent in treating type 2 diabetes than existing GLP-1 RAs.

scholarly journals Effects of Allium siculum in ethylene glycol induced kidney stone in male albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarbast A. Mahmud ◽  
◽  
Aveen R. Khdhr ◽  
Abdulsamih M. Taha, Hero A. Qadir, Payam M. Abdulla ◽  
Kurdo B. Chato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Group B

This study attempts to find out the curative effects of Allium siculum (A. siculum) on ethylene glycol (EG) induced kidney stone in male albino rats. Throughout this study, twenty-two male albino rats were taken and divided into four experimental groups. Group A is a control group, while the rest of the groups, namely group B, C, and D animals, received 1% EG in water for 14 days, then from day 15 to day 28, the treatment of EG stopped and group C and D animals from day 15 to day 28 received A. siculum (5g of dried powder in 100 ml water and 950 g standard diet) and cystone (2.5 tablets in water and standard diet) respectively. Serum uric acid, creatinine, urea, lipid profile measurements, and glucose were evaluated besides the kidneys' weight and body weight gain. Allium siculum and cystone treatments indicated a significant reduction in serum uric acid, creatinine, urea, glucose, very low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride compared to EG-treated rats. The kidneys' weight and body weight gains significantly increased in group B compared with A, C, and D. In conclusion: A. siculum has curative effects on ethylene glycol induced kidney stone which resembled the cystone drug.

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