Screening for mental health: validity of the MHI-5 using DSM-IV Axis I psychiatric disorders as gold standard

2001 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Jürgen Rumpf ◽  
Christian Meyer ◽  
Ulfert Hapke ◽  
Ulrich John
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

scholarly journals Mental health among young adults in prison: The importance of childhood-onset conduct disorder

BJPsych Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Hofvander ◽  
Henrik Anckarsäter ◽  
Märta Wallinius ◽  
Eva Billstedt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Axis I ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe psychiatric health burden of prisoners is substantial. However, there is a lack of high-quality studies of psychiatric disorders among young adults with a high risk of reoffending.AimsTo investigate the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders and use of mental health services among young male violent offenders and the impact of childhood-onset conduct disorder (COCD).MethodA nationally representative cohort (n = 270, age 18–25) of male offenders was followed back in medical records and clinically assessed by gold standard methods. Lifetime prevalences are presented together with odds ratios (ORs) as risk estimates in relation to COCD.ResultsPrevious use of psychiatric services among the participants was high but their lifetime psychiatric morbidity was even higher, with 93% meeting criteria for at least one Axis I disorder. The COCD group was overrepresented in most clinical categories and carried five times higher odds (OR = 5.1, 95% CI 2.0–12.8) of a psychotic disorder, three times higher odds (OR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.2–8.5) of a substance use disorder and two times higher odds of a mood disorder (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.0) or anxiety disorder (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.5).ConclusionsThe mental health burden is substantial among young violent offenders, and COCD is an important indicator of future mental health problems which must be a priority for public health efforts.

Psychologists' and Social Workers' Self-Descriptions Using DSM—IV Psychopathology

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-188
Author(s):  
Tali Nachshoni ◽  
Yehuda Abramovitch ◽  
Vladimir Lerner ◽  
Miriam Assael-Amir ◽  
Moshe Kotler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Eating Problems ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

There is limited information on mental health of psychologists and social workers despite their rendering mental health services, so their subjective perception of mental disorder was explored via a self-evaluation survey in which they self-diagnosed the presence of DSM-IV disorders within themselves. The sample of 128 professionals included 63 psychologists and 65 social workers. The presence of Axis I traits was reported by 81.2%, the three most frequent traits being mood, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and eating disorder. Axis II traits were reported by 73.4% of subjects, the three most frequent conditions being narcissistic, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality traits. While a high percentage of subjects reported the presence of either an Axis I or Axis II disorder, the average severity reported was low. More psychologists reported on mood, social phobia, and eating problems than social workers, while the latter reported more on psychotic problems. Psychologists reported more Axis II traits, especially paranoid, narcissistic, and avoidant subtypes. More women than men reported eating problems, while more men reported schizoid and avoidant personality traits. In conclusion, manifestations of subthreshold psychiatric conditions were prominently reported. These findings suggest encouraging mental health care professionals to explore treatment for problems if present.

Study of DSM-IV Axis I psychiatric disorders in patients with refractory complex partial seizures using a short structured clinical interview

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soaham D. Desai ◽  
Garima Shukla ◽  
Vinay Goyal ◽  
Sumit Singh ◽  
M.V. Padma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Partial Seizures ◽  
Complex Partial Seizures ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

scholarly journals Psychiatric morbidity among sentenced prisoners: prevalence study in Iran

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Mohammad Assadi ◽  
Maryam Noroozian ◽  
Mahdi Pakravannejad ◽  
Omid Yahyazadeh ◽  
Shahrokh Aghayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Current Axis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundInformation on psychiatric morbidity of prisoners has almost entirely been based on research in Western countries and it is uncertain whether these research findings are applicable to other settings.AimsThe primary objective was to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iranian prisoners.MethodThrough stratified random sampling, 351 prisoners were interviewed using the clinical version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IVAxis I Disorders and the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version.ResultsThe majority (88%) of prisoners met DSM – IV criteria for lifetime diagnosis of at least one Axis I disorder and 57% were diagnosed with current Axis I disorders. Opioid dependence (73%) had the highest prevalence among lifetime diagnoses, whereas major depressive disorder (29%) was the most common current diagnosis. Psychopathy was recorded in 23%. Prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders were significantly different among offence categories.ConclusionsThe results suggest that a substantial burden of psychiatric morbidity exists in the prison population of Iran, with treatment challenges that appear to be different from those observed in inmates in Western countries.

Prevalence of subthreshold forms of psychiatric disorders in persons making suicide attempts in Hungary

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Balázs ◽  
I. Bitter ◽  
Y. Lecrubier ◽  
N Csiszér ◽  
G. Ostorharics
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Current Threshold ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

summaryBackground – Suicide and suicide attempts have been associated to psychiatric illnesses; however, little is known about the role in suicide risk of those symptoms that do not meet the full criteria for a DSM-IV disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of subthreshold psychiatric disorders among suicide attempters in Hungary. Methods – Using a modified structured interview (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) determining 16 Axis I psychiatric diagnoses and their subthreshold forms defined by the DSM-IV and a semistructured interview collecting background information, the authors examined 140 consecutive suicide attempters, aged 18–65 years. Results – Eighty-three-point-six percent of the attempters had one or more current threshold diagnoses on Axis I and in addition more than three-quarters (78.6%) of the subjects had at least one subthreshold diagnosis. Six-point-four percent of the subjects (N = 9) had neither subthreshold nor threshold diagnoses at the time of their suicide attempts. Ten percent of the subjects (N = 14), not meeting the full criteria for any DSM-IV diagnoses, had at least one subthreshold diagnosis. In 68.6% of the subjects (N = 96), both subthreshold and threshold disorders were diagnosed at the time of their suicide attempts. The number of subthreshold and threshold diagnoses were positively and significantly related (χ2 = 5.12, df = 1, P < 0.05). Sixty-three-point-six percent of the individuals received two or more current threshold diagnoses on Axis I and 44.3% of the individuals (N = 62) had two or more subthreshold diagnoses at the time of their suicide attempts. Limitations – The subthreshold definitions in this study included only those forms of the disorders which required the same duration as the criteria DSM-IV disorder with fewer symptoms. Conclusions – Suicide attempts showed a very high prevalence of subthreshold disorders besides psychiatric disorders meeting the full criteria required according to the DSM-IV. Subthreshold forms of mental disorders need to be taken into account in suicide prevention.

Problem-Gambling Severity, Suicidality, and DSM-IV Axis I Psychiatric Disorders

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ronzitti ◽  
Shane W. Kraus ◽  
Rani A. Hoff ◽  
Massimo Clerici ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Gambling Severity ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

Coexisting Psychiatric Disorders in a New Zealand Outpatient Alcohol and other Drug Clinical Population

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Adamson ◽  
Fraser C. Todd ◽  
J Douglas Sellman ◽  
Terry Huriwai ◽  
Joel Porter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Axis I

Objective: To describe the extent of psychiatric disorder and mental health service utilization in a representative outpatient alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment sample in New Zealand. Method: A total of 105 patients were randomly recruited from two outpatient AOD treatment services in New Zealand and completed a diagnostic interview within the first 2 months of treatment. Axis I psychiatric diagnoses were made using the computerized Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-Auto), and were supplemented by the South Oaks Gambling Scale (SOGS) and the conduct disorder and antisocial personality disorder section of the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS). Results: Seventy-four per cent of the sample had a current non-substance or gambling axis I disorder, with a lifetime rate of 90%. The most commonly diagnosed of these coexisting psychiatric disorders were major depressive episode (34%), social phobia (31%) and posttraumatic stress disorder (31%). Past contact with mental health services was common, while contact at the time of baseline assessment was uncommon. Conclusions: Coexisting psychiatric disorder was the rule and not the exception in this sample. AOD patients are clearly part of the larger population of mental health patients. AOD services need to be capable of comprehensive assessment and treatment planning, which includes coexisting psychiatric disorders, and should work toward better integration with other mental health services.

Diagnostic co-morbidity in 2300 psychiatric out-patients presenting for treatment evaluated with a semi-structured diagnostic interview

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zimmerman ◽  
J. B. McGlinchey ◽  
I. Chelminski ◽  
D. Young
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Principal Diagnosis ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundThe largest clinical epidemiological surveys of psychiatric disorders have been based on unstructured clinical evaluations. However, several recent studies have questioned the accuracy and thoroughness of clinical diagnostic interviews; consequently, clinical epidemiological studies, like community-based studies, should be based on standardized evaluations. The Rhode Island Methods to Improve Diagnostic Assessment and Services (MIDAS) project is the largest clinical epidemiological study using semi-structured interviews assessing a wide range of psychiatric disorders conducted in a general clinical out-patient practice. In the present report we examined the frequency of DSM-IV Axis I diagnostic co-morbidity in psychiatric out-patients.MethodA total of 2300 out-patients were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) upon presentation for treatment.ResultsThe mean number of current and lifetime DSM-IV Axis I disorders in the 2300 patients was 1.9 (s.d.=1.5) and 3.0 (s.d.=1.8) respectively. The majority of patients were diagnosed with two or more current disorders, and more than one-third were diagnosed with three or more current disorders. Examination of the most frequent current disorders in the patients with the 12 most common principal diagnoses indicated that the pattern of co-morbidity differed among the disorders. The highest mean number of current co-morbid disorders was found for patients with a principal diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder and bipolar disorder.ConclusionsClinicians should assume that psychiatric patients presenting for treatment have more than one current diagnosis. The pattern of co-morbidity varies according to the principal diagnosis.

Prevalence of Mental Disorder among young adults in Ireland: a population based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Harley ◽  
D. Connor ◽  
M. C. Clarke ◽  
I. Kelleher ◽  
H. Coughlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Axis I

BackgroundThere is a lack of epidemiological research on the mental health of young adults in Ireland.ObjectivesTo determine prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a cohort of young Irish adults.MethodsThe Challenging Times study was a landmark study of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adolescents in North Dublin, Ireland: 212 school children aged 12-15 years were recruited through schools and interviewed using the K-SADS semi-structured diagnostic instrument. This cohort was traced again at age 19-24 years (mean age 20.8 years) and interviewed using SCID I & II. Main outcome measures were current and lifetime Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders.ResultsFollow-up rate was 80%. Using a weighted population prevalence analysis 19.8% of the cohort had a current mental disorder, 56.0% had a lifetime mental disorder of whom 28.4% had mood disorders, 27.1% had anxiety disorders, 22.7% had substance use disorders; 25.4% had lifetime multi-morbidity. Cluster A personality disorders were found in 2.3%. Lifetime prevalence of binge-drinking was 75.0%, cannabis use 65% and 17% of young adults had fulfilled criteria for an alcohol use disorder at sometime in their life. Lifetime prevalence of suicidal thoughts/behaviour was 21.1%.ConclusionsLifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorder and substance use were high in this sample of young Irish adults. Mental Health service provision for this age group is a priority. Larger studies of nationally representative samples are needed to inform service development.

scholarly journals Subclinical hypothyroidism: psychiatric disorders and symptoms

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cloyra Almeida ◽  
Marco Antônio Brasil ◽  
Antônio José Leal Costa ◽  
Fabiola A A Reis ◽  
Vaneska Reuters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Depression Scales

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and symptoms in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. METHOD: Ninety-four outpatients with at least two elevated serum thyrotrophin levels (> 4 µU/ml) and normal FT4, and 43 euthyroid outpatients, both groups from HUCFF-UFRJ, were evaluated. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on the Structured Clinical Interview Diagnostic for the DSM-IV axis I (SCID-I/DSM-IV), the psychopathological symptoms on Hamilton anxiety and depression scales, and the Beck Inventory. RESULTS: Our data showed an increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the subclinical hypothyroidism patients when compared to the euthyroid group (45.7% vs 25.6%; p = 0.025), mood disorders being the most frequent. The prevalence of depressive symptoms based on Beck's Scale among subclinical hypothyroidism patients was about 2.3 times higher than among euthyroid ones (45.6% vs 20.9%, p = 0.006). Anxiety symptoms were also more frequent among subclinical hypothyroidism patients (87.0% vs 60.5%, p < 0.001), mainly clinical anxiety (44.6% vs 23.3%; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our results showed a significant association of subclinical hypothyroidism with psychiatric disorders and an increased frequency of subsyndromic depression and anxiety symptoms in subclinical hypothyroidism in relation to the euthyroid group.

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