OR029: Prebiotics Supplementation Improves the Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by a Nutritional Depletion in N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

According to modern notions, atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial process in which the mechanisms of development involved endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, dyslipidemia, disorders of the blood coagulation system, and the like. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are a source of biologically active substances that regulate metabolic processes in the body. It is known that during the development of inflammation, biologically active agents are synthesized and accumulated, which both provide a protective function, and play the role of triggers or lead to the development of additional alteration and the formation of pathological systems. Purpose of the study. The purpose of the work is to study the functional state of the lipid transport system and to ascertain the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the mechanisms of atherosclerosis. The analysis of the functional state of the lipid-transport system of 221 patients with diffuse cardiosclerosis with different nosological forms revealed a disturbance of direct and reverse transport of cholesterol, but with varying degrees of orientation. Significant increase in the content of saturated fatty acids by 7.51% and reduction of unsaturated. Reducing the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids is a consequence of increased formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in inflammatory processes of the vascular wall, and indicates a disbalance in the regulation of lipid homeostasis. The deficiency in polyunsaturated fatty acid cells for many years models the high potential of endothelial dysfunction, which can be a pathogenetic mechanism not only for atherosclerotic lesions, but also for inflammation of the vessels. Conclusion. The recognition of atherogenesis as an active process rather than a cholesterol storage disease has highlighted some key inflammatory mechanisms. In our opinion, the local violation of the transport of lipids in the tissue is at the heart of the atherosclerotic lesion of the vascular wall, which develops irrespective of inflammation in the vessel wall, but substantially potentiates them due to the action of inflammatory mediators.

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ATEROSCLEROSIS AND INFLAMMATION: GENERAL PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS

PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Pulse ◽

10.21802/10.21802/2304-7437-2019-6(58)-31-37 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 31-37

Author(s):

S. H. Kotiuzhynska ◽

D. O. Umanskyy

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Functional State ◽

Transport System ◽

Vascular Wall ◽

The Body ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Lipid Transport

According to modern notions, atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial process in which the mechanisms of development involved endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, dyslipidemia, disorders of the blood coagulation system, and the like. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are a source of biologically active substances that regulate metabolic processes in the body. It is known that during the development of inflammation, biologically active agents are synthesized and accumulated, which both provide a protective function, and play the role of triggers or lead to the development of additional alteration and the formation of pathological systems. Purpose of the study. The purpose of the work is to study the functional state of the lipid transport system and to ascertain the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the mechanisms of atherosclerosis. The analysis of the functional state of the lipid-transport system of 221 patients with diffuse cardiosclerosis with different nosological forms revealed a disturbance of direct and reverse transport of cholesterol, but with varying degrees of orientation. Significant increase in the content of saturated fatty acids by 7.51% and reduction of unsaturated. Reducing the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids is a consequence of increased formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes in inflammatory processes of the vascular wall, and indicates a disbalance in the regulation of lipid homeostasis. The deficiency in polyunsaturated fatty acid cells for many years models the high potential of endothelial dysfunction, which can be a pathogenetic mechanism not only for atherosclerotic lesions, but also for inflammation of the vessels. Conclusion. The recognition of atherogenesis as an active process rather than a cholesterol storage disease has highlighted some key inflammatory mechanisms. In our opinion, the local violation of the transport of lipids in the tissue is at the heart of the atherosclerotic lesion of the vascular wall, which develops irrespective of inflammation in the vessel wall, but substantially potentiates them due to the action of inflammatory mediators.

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0396 : Prebiotics supplementation improves the endothelial dysfunction induced by a nutritional deficiency in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)

Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1878-6480(15)30018-5 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 137 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emilie Catry ◽

Barbara D. Pachikian ◽

Audrey M. Neyrinck ◽

Caroline Bouzin ◽

Patrice D. Cani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Nutritional Deficiency

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Treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reverses endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in experimental menopause

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.07.012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 371-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Gianluca Gortan Cappellari ◽

Pasquale Losurdo ◽

Sara Mazzucco ◽

Emiliano Panizon ◽

Mitja Jevnicar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Abstract P332: Effects of Intravenous Infusion of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Dextrose on Blood Pressure and Endothelial Function in Obese Subjects

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/res.109.suppl_1.ap332 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 109 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Aidar R Gosmanov ◽

Dawn Smiley ◽

Joselita Siquiera ◽

Gonzalo Robalino ◽

Limin Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Artery Flow ◽

Dextrose Infusion

Hyperglycemia and elevated free fatty acids (FFAs) are implicated in the development of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. We recently reported that 8-hour infusion of soy-bean oil containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (Intralipid) results in the elevation of blood pressure (BP) and endothelial dysfunction in obese healthy subjects. However, the effects of dextrose infusion or combination of dextrose and Intralipid on BP, endothelial function and insulin action are not known. Accordingly, we compared the effects of 8-hour infusion of normal saline at 40 ml/hr, Intralipid 20% at 40 mL/hr, dextrose 10% at 40 ml/hr and combination of Intralipid and dextrose on BP, endothelial function in 12 obese healthy subjects [ages:41±7 yrs, BMI:32±2 kg/m 2 , BP:113/65 mmHg, HOMA-IR: 2.0±1.0]. Blood pressure, brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and levels of FFAs, glucose, and insulin were measured at 0, 4 and 8 h of infusion. Intralipid infusion significantly increased BP, decreased FMD, and increased plasma FFAs (Table). Unlike Intralipid alone, the combination of Intralipid and dextrose did not increase BP but resulted in FMD changes similar to Intralipid alone. Levels of plasma glucose and insulin increased over time after dextrose infusion alone or in combination with Intralipid but not with lipid infusion alone. Compared with Intralipid, the addition of dextrose to Intralipid led to restoration of FFAs to normal level. In summary, Intralipid but not dextrose infusion alone or in combination with Intralipid results in significant elevation in blood pressure in obese healthy subjects. In contrast, dextrose administration had no effect on Intralipid-induced endothelial dysfunction. The mechanisms underlying differences in vascular response after addition of dextrose to Intralipid are not known, but these results indicate that dextrose-induced mild hyperinsulinemia may regulate adverse hemodynamic effects of fat administration in obese subjects.

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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) Might Reduce Hot Flushes: An Indication From Two Controlled Trials on Soy Isoflavones Alone and With a PUFA Supplement

Yearbook of Obstetrics Gynecology and Women s Health ◽

10.1016/s1090-798x(08)70555-1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 2006 ◽

pp. 385-387

Author(s):

L.P. Shulman

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Soy Isoflavones ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Hot Flushes ◽

Pufa Supplement

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A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of polyunsaturated fatty acids efficacy in adolescents with anorexia nervosa

Pharmacotherapy in Psychiatry and Neurology ◽

10.33450/fpn.2020.06.001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 95-106

Author(s):

Agnieszka M. Piróg-Balcerzak ◽

Anna K. Bażyńska ◽

Katarzyna Biernacka ◽

Joanna Brągoszewska ◽

Lidia Popek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Small Sample Size ◽

Small Sample ◽

Female Adolescent ◽

Eating Attitude ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Eat 26

Objective. Omega–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were tested in adolescent depression and in several neurodevelopmental disorders with partial success. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterised by deficiencies in fatty food intake and frequent comorbidity, including depressive and cognitive symptoms. Thus supplementation with PUFAs may be beneficial in this group of patients. The aim of the study was to assess whether PUFAs as an add-on treatment is associated with better improvement of body mass index (BMI) and psychopathological symptoms than placebo in patients with AN. Method. 61 female adolescent inpatients with AN were randomly allocated to omega–3 PUFAs supplementation or placebo for 10 weeks. Patients also participated in the behavioural programme and eclectic psychotherapy (treatment as usual, TAU). At baseline and follow-up visits, patients’ BMI and psychopathology were assessed with Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), Patient Global Impression Scale (PGI), and Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26). Results. After 10 weeks, both groups showed improvement in all parameters. Improvement in CGI scores was observed greater in placebo vs. PUFA-s group (p = 0.015) while other differences were not statistically significant. Omega–3 PUFAs supplementation appears not to be effective as an add-on treatment in inpatient adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. Conclusions. The results should be analysed with caution due to small sample size and heterogeneity in TAU. As the TAU turned out to be highly effective, additional therapeutic effect of PUFA might not be visible. Nevertheless, that does not explain the tendency for better improvement in the placebo group.

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