Treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reverses endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in experimental menopause

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Gortan Cappellari ◽  
Pasquale Losurdo ◽  
Sara Mazzucco ◽  
Emiliano Panizon ◽  
Mitja Jevnicar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Renal Failure: Role of eNOS Activation and of Oxidative Stress

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Zanetti ◽  
Gianluca Gortan Cappellari ◽  
Davide Barbetta ◽  
Annamaria Semolic ◽  
Rocco Barazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

scholarly journals Lipotoxicity in obese pregnancy and its potential role in adverse pregnancy outcome and obesity in the offspring

2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Jarvie ◽  
Sylvie Hauguel-de-Mouzon ◽  
Scott M. Nelson ◽  
Naveed Sattar ◽  
Patrick M. Catalano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Oxidized Lipids ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Increasing maternal obesity is a challenge that has an impact on all aspects of female reproduction. Lean and obese pregnant women gain similar fat mass, but lean women store fat in the lower-body compartment and obese women in central compartments. In the non-pregnant, central storage of fat is associated with adipocyte hypertrophy and represents a failure to adequately store excess fatty acids, resulting in metabolic dysregulation and ectopic fat accumulation (lipotoxicity). Obese pregnancy is associated with exaggerated metabolic adaptation, endothelial dysfunction and increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. We hypothesize that the preferential storage of fat in central rather than ‘safer’ lower-body depots in obese pregnancy leads to lipotoxicity. The combination of excess fatty acids and oxidative stress leads to the production of oxidized lipids, which can be cytotoxic and influence gene expression by acting as ligands for nuclear receptors. Lipid excess and oxidative stress provoke endothelial dysfunction. Oxidized lipids can inhibit trophoblast invasion and influence placental development, lipid metabolism and transport and can also affect fetal developmental pathways. As lipotoxicity has the capability of influencing both maternal endothelial function and placental function, it may link maternal obesity and placentally related adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage and pre-eclampsia. The combination of excess/altered lipid nutrient supply, suboptimal in utero metabolic environment and alterations in placental gene expression, inflammation and metabolism may also induce obesity in the offspring.

A five-year follow-up study of antioxidants, oxidative stress and polyunsaturated fatty acids in schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 202-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag K. Solberg ◽  
Helge Refsum ◽  
Ole A. Andreassen ◽  
Håvard Bentsen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

AbstractObjective:Oxidative stress and dysregulated antioxidant defence may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In the present study, we investigated changes in antioxidants and oxidative stress from an acute to a later stable phase. We hypothesised that the levels of oxidative markers are increased in schizophrenia compared with healthy controls; change from the acute to the stable phase; and are associated with the levels of membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and symptom severity.Methods:Fifty-five patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, assessed during an acute phase and 5 years later during a stable phase, and 51 healthy controls were included. We measured antioxidants (α-tocopherol, uric acid, albumin and bilirubin), markers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostane and reactive oxygen metabolites) and membrane fatty acids. Antioxidants and oxidative stress markers were compared in schizophrenia versus healthy controls, adjusting for differences in sex, age and smoking, and changes over time. Associations between symptoms and PUFA were also investigated.Results:In the acute phase, α-tocopherol was significantly higher (p < 0.001), while albumin was lower (p < 0.001) compared with the stable phase. Changes in α-tocopherol were associated with PUFA levels in the acute phase. In the stable phase, schizophrenia patients had higher uric acid (p = 0.009) and lower bilirubin (p = 0.046) than healthy controls. CRP was higher in patients in the stable phase (p < 0.001), and there was no significant change from the acute phase.Conclusion:The present findings of change in antioxidant levels in the acute versus stable phase of schizophrenia the present findings suggest that redox regulation is dynamic and changes during different phases of the disorder.

scholarly journals Oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidative stress within blood platelets

2018 ◽  
Vol 1863 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Lagarde ◽  
Michel Guichardant ◽  
Nathalie Bernoud-Hubac ◽  
Catherine Calzada ◽  
Evelyne Véricel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Prevention of Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease by n-3 Fatty Acids-Inhibiting Action on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (30) ◽  
pp. 3652-3666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Yamagata
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Epa And Dha ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials have shown the protective effect of n-3 fatty acids against cardiovascular disease (CVD). The effect of n-3 fatty acids on vascular endothelial cells indicates their possible role in CVD prevention. Objective: Here, we describe the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on endothelial dysfunction-caused by inflammation and oxidative stress-and their role in the development of CVD. Methods: We reviewed epidemiological studies done on n-3 fatty acids in CVD. The effect of DHA and EPA on vascular endothelial cells was examined with regard to changes in various markers, such as arteriosclerosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, using cell and animal models. Results: Epidemiological studies revealed that dietary intake of EPA and DHA was associated with a reduced risk of various CVDs. EPA and DHA inhibited various events involved in arteriosclerosis development by preventing oxidative stress and inflammation associated with endothelial cell damage. In particular, EPA and DHA prevented endothelial cell dysfunction mediated by inflammatory responses and oxidative stress induced by events related to CVD. DHA and EPA also increased eNOS activity and induced nitric oxide production. Conclusion: The effects of DHA and EPA on vascular endothelial cell damage and dysfunction may involve the induction of nitric oxide, in addition to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. n-3 fatty acids inhibit endothelial dysfunction and prevent arteriosclerosis. Therefore, the intake of n-3 fatty acids may prevent CVDs, like myocardial infarction and stroke.

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