Rare mutation linked to lower risk of heart disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 252 (3364) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Michael Le Page
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Rare Mutation

Abstract P001: Dietary and Plasma Magnesium and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease among Women

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E Chiuve ◽  
Kathryn M Rexrode ◽  
Qi Sun ◽  
Eric N Taylor ◽  
Gary C Curhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Threshold Effect ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Plasma Magnesium ◽  
Chd Risk Factors

Background: Plasma magnesium (Mg) has been strongly associated with lower risk of fatal coronary heart disease (CHD) and sudden cardiac death, which may be due to its anti-arrhythmic properties. Mg also affects endothelial function, inflammation, blood pressure and diabetes and thus may impact atherosclerosis in general. We examined the association between magnesium, measured in diet and plasma, and risk of fatal, nonfatal and total CHD among women in the Nurses’ Health Study. Design: The association for Mg intake was examined prospectively among 86,361 women free of disease in 1980. Mg intake and other covariates were ascertained updated every 2-4 years through questionnaires and 3661 cases of CHD (1214 fatal/2447 nonfatal) were documented through 2008. For plasma Mg, we conducted a nested case-control analysis with 405 CHD (63 fatal/342 nonfatal) cases, matched to controls (1:1) on age, smoking, fasting status, and date of blood sampling. Results: Dietary magnesium was inversely associated with risk of CHD, even after controlling for diet and CHD risk factors (RR comparing extreme quintiles: 0.75; 95%CI: 0.64, 0.89; P trend=0.002) (Table 1). The relationship with plasma Mg was less linear ( P trend=0.09) with a potential threshold effect at the 2 nd quintile. The RR of CHD comparing plasma Mg >2.0 v. ≤2.0 mg/dl was 0.49 (95%CI: 0.32, 0.74). The associations for dietary and plasma Mg appeared stronger for fatal versus nonfatal CHD. The RR (95%CI; P trend) comparing the highest to lowest quintile of dietary Mg was 0.60 (0.45, 0.79; p <0.001) for fatal and 0.85 (0.70, 1.04; p = 0.14) for nonfatal CHD. The RR (95%CI) comparing plasma Mg >2.0 v. ≤2.0 mg/dl was 0.23 (0.07, 0.81) for fatal and 0.55 (0.35, 0.86) for nonfatal CHD. Conclusions: Higher levels of Mg, in diet and plasma, were associated with lower risk of total CHD among women. The consistent inverse association found between two measures of Mg and CHD risk supports the hypothesis that Mg might lower CHD risk through multiple mechanisms, and may be most strongly protective for fatal events.

scholarly journals Behavioral Strategies to Lower Postprandial Glucose in Those with Type 2 Diabetes May Also Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Cox ◽  
Kun Fang ◽  
Anthony L. McCall ◽  
Mark R. Conaway ◽  
Tom A. Banton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Behavioral Strategies

scholarly journals Soy Food Consumption Is Associated with Lower Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Chinese Women

2003 ◽  
Vol 133 (9) ◽  
pp. 2874-2878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianglan Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ou Shu ◽  
Yu-Tang Gao ◽  
Gong Yang ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Chinese Women

scholarly journals Impact of ischaemic heart disease severity and age on risk of cardiovascular outcome in diabetes patients in Sweden: a nationwide observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e027199
Author(s):  
Tomas Jernberg ◽  
Daniel Lindholm ◽  
Lars Pål Hasvold ◽  
Bodil Svennblad ◽  
Johan Bodegård ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Linear Association ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

ObjectivesTo compare short-term cardiovascular (CV) outcome in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients without ischaemic heart disease (IHD), with IHD but no prior myocardial infarction (MI), and those with prior MI; and assess the impact on risk of age when initiating first-time glucose-lowering drug (GLD).DesignCohort study linking morbidity, mortality and medication data from Swedish national registries.ParticipantsFirst-time users of GLD during 2007–2016.OutcomesPredicted cumulative incidence for the CV outcome (MI, stroke and CV mortality) was estimated. A Cox model was developed where age at GLD start and CV risk was modelled.Results260 070 first-time GLD users were included, 221 226 (85%) had no IHD, 16 294 (6%) had stable IHD—prior MI and 22 550 (9%) had IHD+MI. T2D patients without IHD had a lower risk of CV outcome compared with the IHD populations (±prior MI), (3-year incidence 4.78% vs 5.85% and 8.04%). The difference in CV outcome was primarily driven by a relative greater MI risk among the IHD patients. For T2D patients without IHD, an almost linear association between age at start of GLD and relative risk was observed, whereas in IHD patients, the younger (<60 years) patients had a relative greater risk compared with older patients.ConclusionsT2D patients without IHD had a lower risk of the CV outcome compared with the T2D populations with IHD, primarily driven by a greater risk of MI. For T2D patients without IHD, an almost linear association between age at start of GLD and relative risk was observed, whereas in IHD patients, the younger patients had a relative greater risk compared with older patients. Our findings suggest that intense risk prevention should be the key strategy in the management of T2D patients, especially for younger patients.

Differential effects of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients presented with acute coronary syndrome vs. stable ischaemic heart disease after coronary artery bypass grafting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Hong Choi ◽  
Young Bin Song ◽  
Dong Seop Jeong ◽  
Yong Ho Jang ◽  
David Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Abstract Aims The current study sought to evaluate whether long-term clinical outcomes according to the use of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) or single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) differed between acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable ischaemic heart disease (SIHD) patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). Methods and results Between January 2001 and December 2017, 3199 patients with ACS (55.3%) and 2583 with SIHD (44.7%) who underwent isolated CABG were enrolled. The study population was stratified using DAPT or SAPT in ACS patients and SIHD patients. The primary outcome was a cardiovascular death or myocardial infarction (MI) at 5 years. After CABG, DAPT was more frequently used in patients with ACS than in those with SIHD [n = 1960 (61.3%) vs. n = 1313 (50.8%), P &lt; 0.001]. Among patients with ACS, the DAPT group showed a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular death or MI at 5 years than the SAPT group [DAPT vs. SAPT, 4.0% vs. 7.8%, hazard ratio (HR) 0.521, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.339–0.799; P = 0.003]. In contrast, among patients with SIHD, there was no significant difference in the rate of cardiovascular death or MI at 5 years between the use of DAPT and SAPT (4.0% vs. 4.0%, HR 0.991, 95% CI 0.604–1.626; P = 0.971). These findings were robust to multiple sensitivity analyses and competing risk analysis. In the subgroup analysis, the use of DAPT was associated with a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular death or MI among SIHD patients with a previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), with a significant interaction between the use of DAPT and PCI history (interaction P = 0.011). Conclusion Among ACS patients who underwent CABG, the use of DAPT was associated with lower cardiovascular death or MI than the use of SAPT, but this was not the case in SIHD patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03870815.

scholarly journals Metabolic profiling of angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4 inhibition: a drug-target Mendelian randomization analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wang ◽  
Clare Oliver-Williams ◽  
Olli T Raitakari ◽  
Jorma Viikari ◽  
Terho Lehtimäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Insulin Metabolism

Abstract Aims  Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) and 4 (ANGPTL4) inhibit lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and represent emerging drug targets to lower circulating triglycerides and reduce cardiovascular risk. To investigate the molecular effects of genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 inhibition and compare them to the effects of genetic mimicry of LPL enhancement. Methods and results  Associations of genetic variants in ANGPTL3 (rs11207977-T), ANGPTL4 (rs116843064-A), and LPL (rs115849089-A) with an extensive serum lipid and metabolite profile (208 measures) were characterized in six cohorts of up to 61 240 participants. Genetic associations with anthropometric measures, glucose-insulin metabolism, blood pressure, markers of kidney function, and cardiometabolic endpoints via genome-wide summary data were also explored. ANGPTL4 rs116843064-A and LPL rs115849089-A displayed a strikingly similar pattern of associations across the lipoprotein and lipid measures. However, the corresponding associations with ANGPTL3 rs11207977-T differed, including those for low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle concentrations and compositions. All three genotypes associated with lower concentrations of an inflammatory biomarker glycoprotein acetyls and genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 inhibition and LPL enhancement were also associated with lower C-reactive protein. Genetic mimicry of ANGPTL4 inhibition and LPL enhancement were associated with a lower waist-to-hip ratio, improved insulin-glucose metabolism, and lower risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes, whilst genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 was associated with improved kidney function. Conclusions  Genetic mimicry of ANGPTL4 inhibition and LPL enhancement have very similar systemic metabolic effects, whereas genetic mimicry of ANGPTL3 inhibition showed differing metabolic effects, suggesting potential involvement of pathways independent of LPL. Genetic mimicry of ANGPTL4 inhibition and LPL enhancement were associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. These findings reinforce evidence that enhancing LPL activity (either directly or via upstream effects) through pharmacological approaches is likely to yield benefits to human health.

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