Hybrid Type 1 & 2 Diabetes Emerging in Pediatric Patients

Abstract Objectives There are several hypotheses on the effects of the rs1738074 T/C single nucleotide polymorphism in the TAGAP gene; however, there has been no study on Turkish pediatric patients. We aimed to investigate the association of celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) comorbidity with the polymorphism in the TAGAP gene of Turkish pediatric patients. Methods Totally, 127 pediatric CD patients and 100 healthy children were included. We determined the polymorphism by the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method. We used IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0 and Arlequin 3.5.2 for the statistical analyses. The authors have no conflict of interest. Results It was determined that 72% (n=154) of only CD patients had C allele, whereas 28% (n=60) had T allele. Of the patients with celiac and T1DM, 42.5% (n=17) and 57.5% (n=23) had T and C alleles, respectively. Of the individuals in control group, 67% (n=134) had C allele, whereas 33% (n=66) had T allele. Conclusions There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies between the patient and control groups (p>0.05). There was no significant association between the disease risk and the polymorphism in our study group.

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Clinical characteristics and outcome of hospitalized children and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic: data from a single center surveillance study in Egypt

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2021-0099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Eman Monir Sherif ◽

Yasmine Ibrahim Elhenawy ◽

Randa Mahmoud Matter ◽

Hanan Hassan Aly ◽

Rasha Adel Thabet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Surveillance Study ◽

Single Center ◽

Children And Adolescent ◽

Mean Delay ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Constant Feature ◽

Inflammatory Syndrome

Abstract Objectives COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and its acute complications. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes hospitalized during the first wave of the pandemic and the prevalence of new onset diabetes among patients with evidence of COVID-19 infection. Methods A single-center surveillance study included all patients with diabetes admitted to Children’s Hospital, Ain Shams University, in Egypt between May to August 2020. Data were collected to evaluate patients’ clinical and laboratory characteristics as well as their outcomes. Results Thirty-six patients were admitted during the study period. The mean age was 8.4 ± 3.8 years. Patients presented late to the emergency department with a mean delay of 3.05 ± 1.19 days from onset of symptoms. 34/36 patients presented in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), 50% presenting in severe DKA. Almost 81% of the patients were newly diagnosed. During the study period, SARS-CoV-2 PCR was found positive in four patients, COVID Ig M antibodies were positive in another two patients; all were symptomatic requiring ICU admission. Four patients showed a picture suggestive of the multi-inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C); cardiac affection was a constant feature. Conclusions The pandemic affected both the prevalence and severity of DKA among pediatric patients. The increased prevalence of severe DKA could be partly related to delayed hospital admission or the effect of COVID-19 in triggering DKA. Efforts should be done to continuously raise awareness about diabetes in children as well as the importance of seeking timely medical guidance.

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Association between Physical Activity and Sport Participation on Hemoglobin A1c Among Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18147490 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 7490

Author(s):

Kristi M. King ◽

Jason R. Jaggers ◽

Lindsay J. Della ◽

Timothy McKay ◽

Sara Watson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Medical Records ◽

Hemoglobin A1c ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Sport Participation ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hba1c Levels

Purpose: To determine associations between physical activity (PA) and sport participation on HbA1c levels in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Method: Pediatric patients with T1D were invited to complete a PA and sport participation survey. Data were linked to their medical records for demographic characteristics, diabetes treatment and monitoring plans, and HbA1c levels. Results: Participants consisted of 71 females and 81 males, were 13 ± 3 years old with an average HbA1c level of 8.75 ± 1.81. Children accumulating 60 min of activity 3 days or more a week had significantly lower HbA1c compared to those who accumulated less than 3 days (p < 0.01) of 60 min of activity. However, there was no significant difference in HbA1c values based on sport participation groups. A multiple linear regression model indicated that PA, race, age, duration of diagnosis, and CGM use all significantly predicted HbA1c (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the significant relationship between daily PA and HbA1c. Those in this sample presented with lower HbA1c values even if accumulating less than the recommended number of days of activity. Further, it was shown that sport participation alone may not be adequate enough to impact HbA1c in a similar manner.

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Costs of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Pediatric Patients in Spain: Chrystal Observational Study

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2015.09.2073 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. A603

Author(s):

J López-Bastida ◽

J Oliva Moreno ◽

JP López-Siguero ◽

LA Vázquez ◽

D Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Observational Study ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pediatric Patients

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Injection of acidic or neutral insulin and pain: A single-center, prospective, controlled, noninterventional study in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Clinical Therapeutics ◽

10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.12.017 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 2094-2101 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Beate Karges ◽

Rainer Muche ◽

Ines Riegger ◽

Martin Moritz ◽

Eberhard Heinze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Single Center ◽

Noninterventional Study

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Looking into a New Challenge, DKA and Covid-19 A Review on Pediatric DKA Cases during New Coronavirus Pandemic Who is to Blame, the Virus or Health System?

Endocrinology and Disorders ◽

10.31579/2640-1045/102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (7) ◽

pp. 01-04

Author(s):

Vida Tajiknia ◽

Maryam Ghandali ◽

Ardavan Ahmadvand ◽

Ali Afrasiabi ◽

Reza Pirdehghan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Strong Association ◽

Diabetes Type ◽

Diabetes Type 1 ◽

The World ◽

Existing Data

Since the first month of this new pandemic situation, all around the world healthcare system has been facing different challenges and difficulties; patients with chronic diseases such as cancer or diabetes with impaired immune system were at greater risk of infections and complications. It goes without saying that this issue was extremely important among pediatric clinicians dealing with diabetic pediatrics. Diabetes is the number one chronic illness among pediatric patients and the most dangerous and frightened complication of it is Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Studies have shown a strong association between pandemic and increase in new diabetes type 1 cases and its lethal complication called DKA. Here we are going to take a look at existing data and report about cases with this condition trying to find the missing piece of a big puzzle; what is the role of Covid-19 in causing Diabetes in previously healthy kids and what is the real association between SARS-COV2 virus infection and DKA? We are going to review different studies, possible mechanism, new t1dm cases and old cases, with or without covid infection, DKA cases and its severity.

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