Renal excretion profiles of psilocin following oral administration of psilocybin: a controlled study in man

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Hasler ◽  
Daniel Bourquin ◽  
Rudolf Brenneisen ◽  
Franz X Vollenweider
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Controlled Study

Renal Excretion of Gastrografin after Oral Administration: Clinical Significance in Gastric Resection Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Kyung Myung Sohn ◽  
Oh Han Kwon ◽  
Sung Yong Lee ◽  
Jong Kwan Joo ◽  
Jae Hee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Gastric Resection ◽  
Renal Excretion

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy of Cucumis melo in Gentamycin and CPD Induced Urolithiasis on Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Dhaval M Patel ◽  
Advaita B Patel ◽  
Bhumi R Patel ◽  
Deepa R Patel ◽  
Nishith K Patel
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Urinary Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis ◽  
Oxalate Synthesis

Evaluation of the efficacy of methanolic extract of Cucumis melo in urolithiasis induced by gentamycin and calculi producing diet on Wistar rats. Gentamycin (40 mg/kg, subcutaneously) and calculi-producing diet (CPD) was fed to induce urolithiasis on Wistar rats. The effect of oral administration of methanolic extract of Cucumis melo seed on calcium oxalate urolithiasis has been studied and is compared with the effect of oral administration of Cystone as standard on Wistar rats. Gentamycin and CPD feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria and calcium oxalate deposition as well as increased renal excretion of calcium and oxalate. Supplementation with methanolic extract of Cucumis melo seed reduced the elevated urinary oxalate, showing a regulatory action on endogenous oxalate synthesis. The results indicate that the seed of Cucumis melo is endowed with antiurolithiatic activity. Keywords: C. melo, Hyperoxaluria, calcium oxalate deposition, cystone, hyperoxaluria, analysis of variance

Hyperthyroidism and the Dynamics of Distribution and Renal Excretion of Epinephrine in the Dog

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Jones ◽  
William D. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Constant Infusion ◽  
Thyroid Extract ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

Several parameters related to the dynamics of distribution and renal excretion of epinephrine were studied in anesthetized dogs before and during oral administration of thyroid extract. These parameters include: a) plasma concentration and renal excretion of epinephrine during constant infusion of l-epinephrine bitartrate, b) the rate of disappearance from plasma and volume of distribution of epinephrine, and c) the resting excretion of endogenous epinephrine before and during thyroid feeding. Except for an increase in the percentage of infused epinephrine excreted in the urine, there were essentially no changes in these parameters after feeding thyroid.

scholarly journals Effect of Oral Administration of Emtricitabine on Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Replication in Chronically Infected Woodchucks

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1757-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent E. Korba ◽  
R. F. Schinazi ◽  
Paul Cote ◽  
Bud C. Tennant ◽  
John L. Gerin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Effective Inhibitor ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT Emtricitabine [(−)FTC] [(−)-β-2′,3′-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3′-thiacytidine] has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in cell culture, with a potency and selectivity that are essentially identical to those of lamivudine. The antiviral activity of oral administration of (−)FTC against WHV replication in chronically infected woodchucks, an established and predictive model for antiviral therapy against HBV, was examined in a placebo-controlled study. (−)FTC significantly reduced viremia and intrahepatic WHV replication in a dose-dependent manner that was comparable to the antiviral activity of lamivudine observed in previous studies conducted by our laboratories. No effect on the levels of hepatic WHV RNA or the levels of woodchuck hepatitis surface antigen or anti-woodchuck hepatitis surface and core antibodies in the serum of the treated animals was observed. No evidence of drug-related toxicity was observed in any of the animals treated.

A prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) in treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CPIN).

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9017-9017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanjue Sun ◽  
Baorui Liu ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Changping Wu ◽  
Rongsheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue ◽  
Significant Difference

9017 Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major side effect of many commonly used chemotherapeutic. This side effect of chemotherapy can be debilitating and effective treatment for CIPN remains elusive. Previous studies demonstrated that Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALC) is effective in attenuating CIPN, controlled study is needed to substantiate ALC’s effect in treatment of CIPN. Methods: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALC) Hydrochloride Enteric-coated Tablet (oral administration) in the treatment of CIPN. It was a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled and paralleled clinical study (registration No. 2007L03540). Of 239 subjects enrolled in the study (NCI grade 2 or above), 118 subjects received 3g/day ALC orally for 8 weeks and 121 received placebo. Primary endpoint was set as improvement of peripheral neuropathy at least 1 grade and assessment was made in week 4, 8 and 12 after enrollment. Results: In full analyses set (FAS) and per-proposal set (PPS), the peripheral sensory neuropathy was significantly ameliorated in ALC group with 50.5% and 51.6% patients meeting the primary endpoint at week 8 and 12 respectively while only 24.1% and 23.1% of patients in the placebo group at week 8 and 12 respectively (p<0.001 in both sets). Secondary endpoint such as nerve electrophysiological test and Physical Condition Score (Karnofsky performance status, KPS) were also significantly improved in patients with ALC treatment (in FAS, P=0.0463 and P=0.022; in PPS, P=0.0076and P=0.0064, respectively). Cancer-related fatigue was significantly alleviated after ALC treatment in PPS (P=0.0135). Safety: 236 subjects were included in safety assessment and 41 patients experienced 62 adverse events during the course of study. There was no significant difference in AE/SAE incidence between the two groups (P=0.3903). Conclusions: Oral administration of ALC is effective in attenuating CIPN as well as in reducing cancer-related fatigue and improving physical conditions in cancer patients. The treatment of oral ALC is safe and well tolerated.

Tissue Distribution and Renal Excretion of Ormetoprim after Intravascular and Oral Administration in the Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 766-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Plakas ◽  
R. W. Dickey ◽  
M. G. Barron ◽  
A. M. Guarino
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Peak Plasma Level ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
A Minor

Ormetoprim is used to potentiate sulfadimethoxine in treating certain bacterial diseases of aquatic species. The tissue disposition and renal excretion of ormetoprim and metabolites were examined after intravascular and oral administration (4 mg∙kg−1) in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Peak plasma level (0.66 μg∙mL−1) of 14C-ormetoprim occurred at 6 h after oral dosing. The oral bioavailability was estimated at 52%. Ormetoprim and metabolites were widely distributed in the tissues. The tissue concentrations were highest in the liver, trunk kidney, head kidney, and spleen. Clearance of the radiolabel from tissues was rapid. The muscle contained 49.3% of the intravascularly administered dose at 2 h; however, at 72 h, less than 1% of the dose remained in this tissue. 14C-Ormetoprim was more persistent in the skin than in the muscle. Ormetoprim was extensively metabolized in catfish. After intravascular administration, 21.1% of the dose of 14C-ormetoprim was eliminated in the urine in 48 h, predominantly as polar metabolites; less than 4% of the dose was eliminated as the parent compound. Biliary excretion was a minor route of elimination (5–6% of the dose). The data suggest branchial excretion of ormetoprim and/or metabolites.

scholarly journals Cap-dependent Endonuclease Inhibitor S-033188 for the Treatment of Influenza: Results from a Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled Study in Otherwise Healthy Adolescents and Adults with Seasonal Influenza

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S734-S734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Portsmouth ◽  
Keiko Kawaguchi ◽  
Masatsugu Arai ◽  
Kenji Tsuchiya ◽  
Takeki Uehara
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Viral Titer ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Single Oral Administration ◽  
Dependent Endonuclease ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background Cap-dependent endonuclease (CEN) resides in the PA subunit of influenza virus polymerase and mediates the “cap-snatching” process during viral mRNA biosynthesis. S-033188 is a potent, selective, small molecule inhibitor of CEN. Here we report clinical and virologic outcomes from a global Phase 3 study CAPSTONE-1. Method This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled study. Key eligibility criteria included 12–64 years of age, fever (axillary temperature ≥38.0°C), ≥1 general symptom and ≥1 respiratory symptom (moderate to severe), and ≤48 hours from symptom onset. Patients between 20 and 64 years of age were randomized in 2:2:1 ratio to receive a single oral administration of S-033188, placebo, or 75 mg oseltamivir BID for 5 days. Patients between 12 and 19 years of age were randomized in 2:1 ratio to receive either a single oral administration of S-033188 or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was time to alleviation of influenza symptoms (TTAS) in the infected intent to treat population. Viral titer and RNA content were determined from pre- and postdose nasal/throat swabs. Result A total of 1436 patients were randomized. TTAS was significantly shorter in the S-033188 group than that in the placebo group (median TTAS: 53.7 hours vs. 80.2 hours, P &lt; 0.0001). Median time to cessation of viral shedding was 24 hours in patients treated with S-033188, compared with 72 hours in those treated with oseltamivir (P &lt; 0.0001) and 96 hours for placebo (P &lt; 0.0001). Patients in the S-033188 group had significantly greater reductions from baseline in both viral titer and RNA content than those in oseltamivir or placebo groups at all time-points until Day 3 (compared with oseltamivir) or Day 5 (compared with placebo). S-033188 was generally well tolerated, with overall incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events lower than that seen with oseltamivir. Conclusion Treatment with S-033188 was superior to placebo in alleviating influenza symptoms, and superior to both oseltamivir and placebo in virologic outcomes. Safety profile of S-033188 compared favorably with that of oseltamivir. Disclosures S. Portsmouth, Shionogi Inc.: Employee, Salary. K. Kawaguchi, Shionogi & Co., Ltd.: Employee, Salary. M. Arai, Shionogi & Co Ltd: Employee, Salary. K. Tsuchiya, Shionogi & Co., Ltd.: Employee, Salary. T. Uehara, Shionogi & Co., Ltd.: Employee, Salary.

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