COMT in major depression - UK candidate gene association study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 813-813
Author(s):  
A. Schosser ◽  
M.Y. Ng ◽  
A.W. Butler ◽  
S. Cohen-Woods ◽  
N. Craddock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Candidate Gene Association ◽  
Genetic Overlap ◽  
Haplotypic Association ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
System 1 ◽  
The Impact

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) has a central role in brain dopamine, noradrenalin and adrenalin signaling, and has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis and pharmacological treatment of affective disorders. The functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 4 (Val158Met, rs4680) influences the COMT enzyme activity. The Val158Met polymorphism is a commonly studied variant in psychiatric genetics, and initial studies in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder presented evidence for association with the Met allele. In unipolar depression, while some of the investigations point at an association between the Met/Met genotype and others have found a link between the Val/Val genotype and depression, most of the studies cannot detect any difference in Val158Met allele frequency between depressed individuals and controls.In the present study, we further elucidated the impact of COMT polymorphisms including the Val158Met in MDD. We investigated 1,250 subjects with DSM-IV and/or ICD-10 diagnosis of major depression (MDD), and 1,589 control subjects from UK. A total of 24 SNPs spanning the COMT gene were successfully genotyped using the Illumina HumaHap610-Quad Beadchip (22 SNPs), SNPlex™ genotyping system (1 SNP), and Sequenom MassARRAY® iPLEX Gold (1 SNP). Statistical analyses were implemented using PASW Statistics18, FINETTI (http://ihg.gsf.de/cgi-bin/hw/hwa1.pl), UNPHASED version 3.0.10 program and Haploview 4.0 program.Neither single-marker nor haplotypic association was found with the functional Val158Met polymorphism or with any of the other SNPs genotyped. Our findings do not provide evidence that COMT plays a role in MDD or that this gene explains part of the genetic overlap with bipolar disorder.

Emotional availability in women with bipolar disorder and major depression: A longitudinal pregnancy cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742199879
Author(s):  
Pavitra Aran ◽  
Andrew J Lewis ◽  
Stuart J Watson ◽  
Thinh Nguyen ◽  
Megan Galbally
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Emotional Availability ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Interaction Quality ◽  
Pregnancy Cohort ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Poorer mother–infant interaction quality has been identified among women with major depression; however, there is a dearth of research examining the impact of bipolar disorder. This study sought to compare mother–infant emotional availability at 6 months postpartum among women with perinatal major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and no disorder (control). Methods: Data were obtained for 127 mother–infant dyads from an Australian pregnancy cohort. The Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 was used to diagnose major depressive disorder ( n = 60) and bipolar disorder ( n = 12) in early pregnancy (less than 20 weeks) and review diagnosis at 6 months postpartum. Prenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, along with self-report psychotropic medication use. Mother and infant’s interaction quality was measured using the Emotional Availability Scales when infants reached 6 months of age. Multivariate analyses of covariance examining the effects of major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder on maternal emotional availability (sensitivity, structuring, non-intrusiveness, non-hostility) and child emotional availability (responsiveness, involvement) were conducted. Results: After controlling for maternal age and postpartum depressive symptoms, perinatal disorder (major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder) accounted for 17% of the variance in maternal and child emotional availability combined. Compared to women with major depressive disorder and their infants, women with bipolar disorder and their infants displayed lower ratings across all maternal and child emotional availability qualities, with the greatest mean difference seen in non-intrusiveness scores. Conclusions: Findings suggest that perinatal bipolar disorder may be associated with additional risk, beyond major depressive disorder alone, to a mother and her offspring’s emotional availability at 6 months postpartum, particularly in maternal intrusiveness.

scholarly journals Genetic Variations Associated with Long-Term Treatment Response in Bipolar Depression

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Gerard Anmella ◽  
Silvia Vilches ◽  
Jordi Espadaler ◽  
Andrea Murru ◽  
Isabella Pacchiarotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Several pharmacogenetic-based decision support tools for psychoactive medication selection are available. However, the scientific evidence of the gene-drug pairs analyzed is mainly based on pharmacogenetic studies in patients with major depression or schizophrenia, and their clinical utility is mostly assessed in major depression. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of individual genes, with pharmacogenetic relevance in other psychiatric conditions, in the response to treatment in bipolar depression. Seventy-six patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and an index major depressive episode were included in an observational retrospective study. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and all patients were genotyped using a commercial multigene pharmacogenomic-based tool (Neuropharmagen®, AB-Biotics S.A., Barcelona, Spain). Multiple linear regression was used to identify pharmacogenetic and clinical predictors of efficacy and tolerability of medications. The pharmacogenetic variables response to serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) (ABCB1) and reduced metabolism of quetiapine (CYP3A4) predicted patient response to these medications, respectively. ABCB1 was also linked to the tolerability of SNRIs. An mTOR-related multigenic predictor was also associated with a lower number of adverse effects when including switch and autolytical ideation. Our results suggest that the predictors identified could be useful to guide the pharmacological treatment in bipolar disorder. Additional clinical studies are necessary to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis of adolescent psychotic experiences shows genetic overlap with psychiatric disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Pain ◽  
Frank Dudbridge ◽  
Alastair G. Cardno ◽  
Daniel Freeman ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Psychotic Experience ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genetic Overlap

AbstractThis study aimed to test for overlap in genetic influences between psychotic experience traits shown by adolescents in the community, and clinically-recognized psychiatric disorders in adulthood, specifically schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression. The full spectra of psychotic experience domains, both in terms of their severity and type (positive, cognitive, and negative), were assessed using self- and parent-ratings in three European community samples aged 15-19 years (Final N incl. siblings = 6,297-10,098). A mega-genome-wide association study (mega-GWAS) for each psychotic experience domain was performed. SNP-heritability of each psychotic experience domain was estimated using genomic-relatedness-based restricted maximum-likelihood (GREML) and linkage disequilibrium-(LD-) score regression. Genetic overlap between specific psychotic experience domains and schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression was assessed using polygenic risk scoring (PRS) and LD-score regression. GREML returned SNP-heritability estimates of 3-9% for psychotic experience trait domains, with higher estimates for less skewed traits (Anhedonia, Cognitive Disorganization) than for more skewed traits (Paranoia and Hallucinations, Parent-rated Negative Symptoms). Mega-GWAS analysis identified one genome-wide significant association for Anhedonia within IDO2 but which did not replicate in an independent sample. PRS analysis revealed that the schizophrenia PRS significantly predicted all adolescent psychotic experience trait domains (Paranoia and Hallucinations only in non-zero scorers). The major depression PRS significantly predicted Anhedonia and Parent-rated Negative Symptoms in adolescence. Psychotic experiences during adolescence in the community show additive genetic effects and partly share genetic influences with clinically-recognized psychiatric disorders, specifically schizophrenia and major depression.

Is Venlafaxine More Effective than Escitalopram and Nortriptyline in the Management of Painful Symptoms in Patients with Major Depression?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (04) ◽  
pp. 148-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Jaracz ◽  
Karolina Gattner ◽  
Krystyna Jaracz ◽  
Krystyna Górna ◽  
Jerzy Moczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Conflicting data regarding the efficacy of antidepressants of different mechanism of action on unexplained painful physical symptoms (UPPS) in depression have been published so far. Objective The aim of this study was to compare the impact of escitalopram (ESC), nortriptyline (NOR), and venlafaxine (VEN) on UPPS in patients with major depression. Materials and methods Sixty patients, participants in the GENDEP study, with a diagnosis of depression according to the ICD-10 criteria were randomly assigned to treatment with ESC (10–30 mg, mean dose 15.2, standard deviation [SD]±9.2) or NOR (50–150 mg, mean dose 106.2, SD±8.2). Additionally, 30 patients who were treated with VEN (75–225 mg, mean dose 181.3, SD±8.8) were included. Before inclusion (day 0) and throughout the study (days 14, 28, 42, 56), the severity of pain was monitored using the visual analog scale. Results The patients treated with ESC, NOR, and VEN did not differ in the intensity of pain at days 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56. Conclusion Our results do not support the hypothesis suggesting the superiority of VEN over ESC and NOR in the management of UPPS in major depression.

scholarly journals Childhood maltreatment and adult medical morbidity in mood disorders: comparison of unipolar depression with bipolar disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 213 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Hosang ◽  
Helen L. Fisher ◽  
Karen Hodgson ◽  
Barbara Maughan ◽  
Anne E. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Child Neglect ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Medical Burden ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medical Morbidity

BackgroundThe medical burden in mood disorders is high; various factors are thought to drive this pattern. Little research has examined the role of childhood maltreatment and its effects on medical morbidity in adulthood among people with unipolar depression and bipolar disorder.AimsThis is the first study to explore the association between childhood maltreatment and medical morbidity in bipolar disorder and in unipolar depression, and examine whether the impact of abuse and neglect are distinct or combined.MethodThe participants consisted of 354 psychiatrically healthy controls, 248 participants with recurrent unipolar depression and 72 with bipolar disorder. Participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and received a validated medical history interview.ResultsAny type of childhood maltreatment, child abuse and child neglect were significantly associated with the medical burden in bipolar disorder, but not unipolar depression or for controls. These associations worked in a dose–response fashion where participants with bipolar disorder with a history of two or more types of childhood maltreatment had the highest odds of having a medical illness relative to those without such history or those who reported one form. No such significant dose–response patterns were detected for participants with unipolar depression or controls.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that childhood maltreatment may play a stronger role in the development of medical illnesses in individuals with bipolar disorder relative to those with unipolar depression. Individuals who had been maltreated with a mood disorder, especially bipolar disorder may benefit most from prevention and intervention efforts surrounding physical health.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals The Associations of Common Psychological Problems With Mental Disorders Among College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
Filip Smit ◽  
Pauline Aalten ◽  
Neeltje Batelaan ◽  
Anke Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
The Impact

Psychological problems like procrastination, perfectionism, low self-esteem, test anxiety and stress are common among college students. There are evidence-based interventions available for these problems that not only have direct effects on these problems, but also indirect effects on mental disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders. Targeting these psychological problems may offer new opportunities to prevent and treat mental disorders in a way that is less stigmatizing to students. In this study we examined the association of five psychological problems with five common mental disorders (panic, generalized anxiety, bipolar, major depressive, and substance use disorder) in a sample of 2,449 students from two Dutch universities. Psychological problems were measured with one item for each problem and mental disorders were measured with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Screening Scales. Associations were examined with Poisson regression models as relative risks (RR) of the disorders as a function of the psychological problems. The population attributable fraction (PAF) indicates by what percentage the prevalence of the mental disorder would be reduced if the psychological problem was addressed successfully by an intervention. Especially generalized anxiety disorder was strongly associated with psychological problems (strong associations with stress and low self-esteem and moderately with test anxiety). The group with three or more psychological problems had a strongly increased risk for generalized anxiety (RR = 11.25; 95% CI: 7.51–16.85), and a moderately increase risk for major depression (RR = 3.22; 95% CI: 2.63–3.95), panic disorder (RR = 3.19; 95% CI: 1.96–5.20) and bipolar disorder (RR = 3.66; 95% CI: 2.40–5.58). The PAFs for having any of the psychological problems (one or more) were considerable, especially for generalized anxiety (60.8%), but also for panic disorder (35.1%), bipolar disorder (30.6%) and major depression (34.0%). We conclude that common psychological problems are associated with mental disorders and with each other. After adjustment, psychological problems are associated with different patterns of mental disorders. If the impact of the psychological problems could be taken away, the prevalence of several mental disorders would be reduced considerably. The psychological problems may provide a promising target to indirectly prevent and intervene in psychopathology in hard to reach college students with mental disorders.

scholarly journals Intellectual disability and other neuropsychiatric outcomes in high-risk children of mothers with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar major depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera A. Morgan ◽  
Maxine L. Croft ◽  
Giulietta M. Valuri ◽  
Stephen R. Zubrick ◽  
Carol Bower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Obstetric Factors ◽  
Unipolar Major Depression

BackgroundRecent evidence points to partially shared genetics of neuropsychiatric disorders.AimsWe examined risk of intellectual disability and other neuropsychiatric outcomes in 3174 children of mothers with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or unipolar major depression compared with 3129 children of unaffected mothers.MethodWe used record linkage across Western Australian population-based registers. The contribution of obstetric factors to risk of intellectual disability was assessed.ResultsChildren were at significantly increased risk of intellectual disability with odds ratios (ORs) of 3.2 (95% CI 1.8–5.7), 3.1 (95% CI 1.9–4.9) and 2.9 (95% CI 1.8–4.7) in the maternal schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and unipolar depression groups respectively. Multivariate analysis suggests familial and obstetric factors may contribute independently to the risk. Although summated labour/delivery complications (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.0) just failed to reach significance, neonatal encephalopathy (OR = 7.7, 95% CI 3.0–20.2) and fetal distress (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.7) were independent significant predictors. Rates of rare syndromes in children of mothers with mental disorder were well above population rates. Risk of pervasive developmental disorders, including autism, was significantly elevated for children of mothers with bipolar disorder. Risk of epilepsy was doubled for children of mothers with unipolar depression.ConclusionsOur findings provide epidemiological support for clustering of neuropsychiatric disorders. Further larger epidemiological studies are warranted.

Where should bipolar disorder appear in the meta-structure?

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2071-2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Goldberg ◽  
G. Andrews ◽  
M. J. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The One

BackgroundThe extant major psychiatric classifications, DSM-IV and ICD-10, are purportedly atheoretical and largely descriptive. Although this achieves good reliability, the validity of a medical diagnosis is greatly enhanced by an understanding of both risk factors and clinical history. In an effort to group mental disorders on the basis of risk factors and clinical manifestations, five clusters have been proposed. The purpose of this paper is to consider the position of bipolar disorder (BPD), which could be either with the psychoses, or with emotional disorders, or in a separate cluster.MethodWe reviewed the literature on BPD, unipolar depression (UPD) and schizophrenia in relation to 11 validating criteria proposed by the DSM-V Task Force Study Group, and then summarized similarities and differences between BPD and schizophrenia on the one hand, and UPD on the other.ResultsThere are differences, often substantial and never trivial, for 10 of the 11 validators between BPD and UPD. There are also important differences between BPD and schizophrenia.ConclusionBPD has previously been classified together with UPD, but this is the least justifiable place for it. If it is to be recruited to a ‘psychotic cluster’, there are several important respects in which it differs from schizophrenia, so the cluster would have a division within it. The alternative would be to allow it to be in an intermediate position in a cluster of its own.

scholarly journals Life-event specificity: bipolar disorder compared with unipolar depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 201 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Hosang ◽  
Ania Korszun ◽  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Ian Jones ◽  
Peter McGuffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Independent Events ◽  
Event Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundLittle is known about the impact of different types of stressful events (for example divorcev.bereavement) on unipolar depression compared with bipolar disorder. Inconsistencies exist concerning the association between independent events (beyond an individual's control, such as bereavement) and bipolar disorder.AimsTo examine the role of specific, independent and dependent events in mood disorders.MethodLife-event information was collected from 512 people with bipolar disorder, 1448 people with unipolar depression and over 600 controls.ResultsVarious events were associated with unipolar depression and bipolar disorder, but some event specificity was detected. For example, financial crisis was more strongly related to bipolar disorder rather than unipolar depression. Independent events were only related to unipolar depression and not bipolar disorder.ConclusionsThe events that were linked to bipolar disorder and unipolar depression were similar. Independent events were not associated with bipolar episodes, suggesting that life stress may be a consequence of, rather than a trigger for, bipolar episodes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document