Single-seed sowing increased pod yield at a reduced seeding rate by improving root physiological state of Arachis hypogaea

Abstract Field experiments were conducted from 1991 to 1993 to evaluate eclipta, Eclipta prostrata L., control and peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., response to herbicide treatments. Fomesafen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoro-methyl)phenoxy]-N-(methylsulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzamide} applied at cracking was the only preemergence-applied herbicide which provided season-long control (>84%). Herbicides applied postemergence were more effective when the eclipta was less than 5 cm in height. The most consistent early postemergence treatments were bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), bentazon [3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazm-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide], and bentazon + acifluorfen {5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid} + 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)butanoic acid]. Various other early postemergence followed by late postemergence sequential treatments also were equally effective. Minor peanut injury was observed at the early season rating from several herbicides; however, all injury had disappeared by the late season rating. Eclipta control did not consistently improve peanut pod yield.

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Intercropping Short and Long Duration Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea) Genotypes to Increase Productivity in Environments Prone to End-of-season Droughts

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700015416 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 63-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. C. Nageswara Rao ◽

K. D. R. Wadia ◽

J. H. Williams

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Short Duration ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Season Length ◽

Water Deficits ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Long Duration ◽

Increase Productivity

SUMMARYThree short duration and one long duration groundnut genotypes, grown either ‘sole’ or as intercrops (in 1:1 ratios of the short duration with the long duration genotypes), were compared in four trials. The intercrop treatments resulted in Land Equivalent Ratios (LERs) of up to 1.25 for pod yield and total biomass despite moderate or severe water deficits at the end of the season. Specific combinations of genotypes were necessary to maximize the LER. The results indicate there is scope for achieving greater productivity in environments with a variable season length by growing late and early genotypes together in an intercrop system.

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Interactive Effects of Fungicide, Application Timing, and Spray Volume on Peanut Diseases and Yield

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-2010-0420-01-rs ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Joao Augusto ◽

Timothy B. Brenneman

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Leaf Spot ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Soilborne Pathogens ◽

Application Timing ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Late Season ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Spray Volume

Fungicide penetration of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea) canopy to target soilborne pathogens is difficult due to the dense foliage present when mid- to late-season applications are made. To assess the effect of application timing and volume on leaf spot and stem rot control as well as peanut yield, pyraclostrobin (0.21 kg a.i./ha) or chlorothalonil (1.26 kg a.i./ha), a systemic and a contact fungicide, respectively, were applied four times on cv. Georgia Green during the day (on unfolded leaves) or at night (on folded leaves) at 187, 243, or 355 liters/ha. Night application of pyraclostrobin, across spray volumes, gave the best stem rot control and pod yield increase. Pyraclostrobin applied during the day at higher spray volumes also slightly increased control of stem rot, apparently by improving canopy penetration. Neither application timing nor spray volume affected leaf spot control with pyraclostrobin. Higher spray volumes for the chlorothalonil applications tended to improve control of early and late leaf spot, possibly by increasing coverage of foliage and stems. Accepted for publication 10 January 2012. Published 20 April 2012.

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Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Lime and Different Levels of Sulphur

International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management ◽

10.23910/1.2020.2162a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 585-589

Author(s):

Imnatemjen Aier ◽

◽

D. Nongmaithem ◽

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Attributes ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Stover Yield ◽

Main Plot ◽

Different Levels ◽

Kernel Yield ◽

Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted in the Experimental Research Farm of School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University during the kharif season 2018. Groundnut variety ICGS-76 was sown @ 70 kg ha-1 for 60×20 cm2 spacing. The experiment was laid in split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments consisted of two lime levels: lime @ 0 t ha-1 and lime @ 3 t ha-1 while the sub- plot treatments consisted of five sulphur levels: sulphur @ (0 kg ha-1, 10 kg ha-1, 20 kg ha-1, 30 kg ha-1 and 40 kg ha-1 along with recommended dose of fertilizer at 20:60:40 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1 respectively in the form of diammonium phosphate and murate of potash. The results showed that application of lime @ 3 t ha-1 gave higher growth and yield attributes compared to no lime and also application of sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1 gave higher growth and yield attributes compared to lower doses of sulphur though there was only slight increase in the attributes between each successive doses of sulphur. Overall application of lime and sulphur increased all the yield attributes of groundnut, where the highest number of pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, 100 kernels weight, pod yield, kernel yield and stover yield were recorded when treatment was done with lime @ 3 t ha1 and sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1.

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Partial resistance of Southern Runner, Arachis hypogaea, to stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-17-2-5 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 65-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

T. B. Brenneman ◽

W. D. Branch ◽

A. S. Csinos

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽

Field Tests ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Industry Standard ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

The Mean ◽

Disease Loci

Abstract The susceptibility of 16 peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes (eight Virginia and eight runner types) to southern stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) was evaluated in field tests over three years. Mean disease incidence for all cultivars was 10.0, 15.4 and 16.4 disease loci per 12.2 m row and average yields were 3488, 2826 and 3569 kg/ha in 1986, 1987 and 1988, respectively. Disease incidence averaged 14.3 disease loci per 12.2 m of row for both market types. The mean yield for the eight Virginia types was 3287 kg/ha versus 3214 for the eight runner types. Culitvars within market types varied significantly in disease incidence and pod yield. Of the Virginia types, NC 6 and Florigiant were the most susceptible with NC 9, VA 81B and Early Bunch being the most resistant. Incidence of stem rot in runner cultivars was high except for Southern Runner and Langley which had about 50% less disease than the most susceptible entries. There was a highly significant correlation (P≤0.01) between yields and disease incidence all three years. Overall, Southern Runner had the lowest disease incidence and highest pod yield of any cultivar. Compared to Florunner, the current industry standard for runner types, Southern Runner had about 50% less disease and yields were 1346 kg/ha higher.

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Genotype by Environment Interaction and Stability of Pod Yield of Elite Breeding Lines of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Eastern Ethiopia

Science Technology and Arts Research Journal ◽

10.4314/star.v3i2.6 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A Kebede ◽

T Tana

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽

Environment Interaction ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Genotype By Environment ◽

Pod Yield ◽

Elite Breeding Lines

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Early sowing increases grain yield of machine-transplanted late-season rice under single-seed sowing

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2020.107832 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 253 ◽

pp. 107832

Author(s):

Min Huang ◽

Shengliang Fang ◽

Fangbo Cao ◽

Jiana Chen ◽

Shuanglü Shan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Late Season ◽

Single Seed ◽

Seed Sowing

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Weed Management in Minimum-Tillage Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) as Influenced by Cultivar, Row Spacing, and Herbicides

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500082163 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 233-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Daniel L. Colvin ◽

Glenn R. Wehtje ◽

Mike Patterson ◽

Robert H. Walker

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Management Systems ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Minimum Tillage ◽

Naphthylphthalamic Acid ◽

Peanut Production

Field experiments were conducted in 1982 and 1983 on a Dothan sandy loam (Plinthic Paleudult) at Headland, AL, to investigate minimum-tillage production of peanuts (Arachis hypogaeaL.). The experiments included two peanut varieties: a) ‘Pronto’ (an earlier maturing Spanish type), and b) ‘Florunner’ (a later maturing runner type). Two row-spacing patterns were used: a) conventional 91-cm rows, and b) a modified twin 18-cm row pattern. A constant seeding rate (140 kg/ha) was used regardless of row spacing. Six herbicide systems were evaluated within each combination of variety and row spacing. The Florunner variety outyielded the Pronto variety across both years and weed management systems. Modified twin 18-cm rows outyielded conventional 91-cm rows across years and peanut varieties. Two of the six weed management systems were successful: 1) paraquat (1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium ion) + oryzalin (3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide) (preemergence), paraquat (ground cracking), naptalam (N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid) + dinoseb (2-sec-butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol) (postemergence); and 2) paraquat + pendimethalin [N-(1-ethylpropyl-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] (preemergence), acetochlor [2-chloro-N(ethoxymethyl)-6’-ethyl-o-acetotoluidide] + dinoseb (ground cracking), and cyanazine {2-[[4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazine-2-yl]amino]-2-methylpropionitrile} (early postdirected spray). Both systems provided the best overall control of Texas panicum (Panicum texanumBuckl. ♯ PANTE), Florida beggarweed [Desmodium tortuosum(Sw.) DC. ♯ DEDTO], and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL. ♯ CASOB) and were acceptable for use in minimum-tillage peanut production.

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