The Cambridge Handbook of the Philosophy of Language

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Argumentation Theory ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Linguistics

The philosophy of language is central to the concerns of those working across semantics, pragmatics and cognition, as well as the philosophy of mind and ideas. Bringing together an international team of leading scholars, this handbook provides a comprehensive guide to contemporary investigations into the relationship between language, philosophy, and linguistics. Chapters are grouped into thematic areas and cover a wide range of topics, from key philosophical notions, such as meaning, truth, reference, names and propositions, to characteristics of the most recent research in the field, including logicality of language, vagueness in natural language, value judgments, slurs, deception, proximization in discourse, argumentation theory and linguistic relativity. It also includes chapters that explore selected linguistic theories and their philosophical implications, providing a much-needed interdisciplinary perspective. Showcasing the cutting-edge in research in the field, this book is essential reading for philosophers interested in language and linguistics, and linguists interested in philosophical analyses.

The Fragmented Mind

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Implicit Attitudes ◽  
David Lewis ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Belief State ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Relationship

Mental fragmentation is the thesis that the mind is fragmented, or compartmentalized. Roughly, this means that an agent’s overall belief state is divided into several sub-states—fragments. These fragments need not make for a consistent and deductively closed belief system. The thesis of mental fragmentation became popular through the work of philosophers like Christopher Cherniak, David Lewis, and Robert Stalnaker in the 1980s. Recently, it has attracted great attention again. This volume is the first collection of essays devoted to the topic of mental fragmentation. It features important new contributions by leading experts in the philosophy of mind, epistemology, and philosophy of language. Opening with an accessible Introduction providing a systematic overview of the current debate, the fourteen essays cover a wide range of issues: foundational issues and motivations for fragmentation, the rationality or irrationality of fragmentation, fragmentation’s role in language, the relationship between fragmentation and mental files, and the implications of fragmentation for the analysis of implicit attitudes.

scholarly journals The Significance of Linguistics in the Study of Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Istikomah Istikomah ◽  
Nurhayati Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Core Issues ◽  
Of Greece

Since the era of Greece and Rome in the 4-2 century BC, until this Postmodern one, language has been one of the most central and core issues of philosophical studies. Language and Philosophy both focus on issues related to structure and meaning in natural language, as discussed in the philosophy of language and other disciplines, among others; philosophical theories about meaning and truth, presuppositions, implicatures, speech acts, etc. This article discusses several case studies that illustrate the relationship between the philosophy of language through three branches of linguistics; syntax (Stanley, 2000), semantics (von Fintel, 2001), and pragmatics (Potts, 2005). The results of the study reveal a significance and interdependence between philosophy and language. Philosophy requires language as a means of communicating ideas and also as an object of study in philosophy. Meanwhile, language also badly needs philosophy as a means or method to analyze systematically to get solutions to solving linguistic problems.Keywords: linguistics, philosophy, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics 

scholarly journals Peranan Filsafat Bahasa dalam Perkembangan Linguistik (The Role of Language Philosophy in the Development of Linguistics)

JALABAHASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Raden Arief Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Unique Reflection ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Language Issues ◽  
Critical Reviews

Filsafat merupakan ilmu tertua yang dipelajari oleh manusia. Dalam perkembangannya, filsafat yang tidak bisa lepas dari pembahasan mengenai bahasa, melahirkan ilmu filsafat bahasa. Filsafat bahasa semakin berkembang karena bahasa memiliki fungsi subjektif yang menggambarkan pengalaman hidup manusia. Subjektivitas inilah yang akan terus memantik minat dari para aktor filsafat bahasa untuk mendiskusikan dan memperdebatkan aspek-aspek yang terlibat. Artikel ini mengkaji hubungan antara filsafat bahasa dan perkembangan linguistik. Pendekatan kualitatif dalam artikel ini direalisasikan dengan mengaplikasikan kajian pustaka kritis di berbagai literatur yang relevan. Dari kajian pustaka kritis, penulis melihat bahwa bahasa adalah sebuah objek atas refleksi unik pengalaman kehidupan manusia. Oleh karena itu, sebuah “simpul” diperlukan untuk “mengilmiahkan” keunikan pengalaman manusia. Hal itu dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan filsafat ilmu sebagai motor dan linguistik sebagai roda penggeraknya. Philosophy is one of the oldest studies learnt by human. In the development, philosophy, which cannot be separated from language issues, generates philosophy of language. It develops because language has a subjective function that portrays human’s experience. This subjectivity triggers the attention of language philosophy scholars to explore the aspects involved. This article tries to study the relationship between philosophy of language and linguistics development. The qualitative paradigm applied in the article is realized through the application of critical reviews of relevant literatures. From the study, the author identifies that language is the object of human’s unique reflection of his or her life experience. Thus, a “bridge” is needed to scientize the uniqueness of human’s experience. The connection can be made possible by exploiting philosophy, as the engine, and linguistics, as its wheel.

Gadādhara (1604–1709)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonardon Ganeri
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Philosophical Methodology ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Pragmatic Theory ◽  
Case Grammar ◽  
Pronominal Anaphora

Gadādhara Bhaṭṭācārya was a seventeenth-century Indian philosopher belonging to a school of thinkers, Navya-Nyāya, noted for its extreme realism and its contributions to philosophical methodology. Though Gadādhara’s commentaries on the school’s key texts are recognized as among the latest, most detailed and innovative, his greater claim to fame is due to his composition of a number of independent tracts on topics in philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, ethics and legal theory. He may be credited in particular with the discovery of a version of the pragmatic theory of pronominal anaphora. His work on case grammar and inferential fallacies is highly admired in India, while recent translations into English have begun to make him better known outside.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Star
Keyword(s):  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Normative Reasons ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The Way

The purpose and plan of the Handbook is described herein. Key concepts in the contemporary literature on reasons and normativity are introduced, and the forty-four chapters that make up the main body of the Handbook are each summarized. In the process, important connections between the chapters are highlighted. A distinctive feature of the Handbook is said to be the way in which it surveys work on normative reasons in both ethics and epistemology, focusing, when appropriate, on issues concerning unity or lack of it in different domains. It is noted that discussions of reasons and normativity in philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and aesthetics are also surveyed in the Handbook.

scholarly journals The Oxford Handbook of Reasons and Normativity

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Philosophy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Do So

The Oxford Handbook of Reasons and Normativity contains forty-four commissioned chapters on a wide range of topics. It will appeal especially to readers with an interest in ethics or epistemology, but also to those with an interest in philosophy of mind or philosophy of language. Both students and academics will benefit from the fact that the Handbook combines helpful overviews with innovative contributions to current debates. A diverse selection of substantive positions are defended by leading proponents of the views in question. Few concepts have received as much attention in recent philosophy as the concept of a reason. This is the first edited collection to provide broad coverage of the study of reasons and normativity across multiple philosophical subfields. In addition to focusing on reasons as part of the study of ethics and as part of the study of epistemology (as well as focusing on reasons as part of the study of the philosophy of language and as part of the study of the philosophy of mind), the Handbook covers recent developments concerning the nature of normativity in general. A number of the contributions to the Handbook explicitly address such “metanormative” issues, bridging subfields as they do so.

Experimental Philosophy and Philosophy of Religion

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
Daniel F. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Experimental Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Work Done

Experimental Philosophy is a new and controversial movement that challenges some of the central findings within analytic philosophy by marshalling empirical evidence. The purpose of this short paper is twofold: (i) to introduce some of the work done in experimental philosophy concerning issues in philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, and metaphysics and (ii) to connect this work with several debates within the philosophy of religion. The provisional conclusion is that philosophers of religion must critically engage experimental philosophy.

scholarly journals The Oxford Handbook of Assertion

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy Of Mind ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
And Linguistics

Assertions belong to the family of speech acts that make claims regarding how things are. They include statements, avowals, reports, expressed judgments, and testimonies—acts which are relevant across a host of issues not only in philosophy of language and linguistics but also in subdisciplines such as epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of mind, ethics, and social and political philosophy. Over the past two decades, the amount of scholarship investigating the speech act of assertion has increased dramatically, and the scope of such research has also grown. The Oxford Handbook of Assertion explores various dimensions of the act of assertion: its nature; its place in a theory of speech acts, and in semantics and meta-semantics; its role in epistemology; and the various social, political, and ethical dimensions of the act. Essays from leading theorists situate assertion in relation to other types of speech acts, exploring the connection between assertions and other phenomena of interest not only to philosophers but also to linguists, psychologists, anthropologists, lawyers, computer scientists, and theorists from communication studies.

A Path to a New Logic

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
David Corfield
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Type Theory ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Philosophy Of Mathematics ◽  
Ordinary Language ◽  
Context Dependence ◽  
Ordinary Language Philosophy ◽  
Language Philosophy ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
Key Issues

This chapter explains how modal homotopy type theory combines ideas from two currents of thought: type theory and category theory. Despite what might appear to be rather different philosophical starting points, there has emerged an intrinsically structuralist language of great interest to computer scientists, mathematicians and physicists. This in itself should be enough to interest philosophers in the language, but further motivation is provided by addressing some of the kinds of objection raised to formalization in philosophy; in particular, those from ordinary language philosophy which emphasize the elasticity and context-dependence of natural language. We see that several of their concerns, such as that the definitional and descriptive uses of ‘is’ are conflated in logic, are addressed by the type theory. The prospect is then presented of an opportunity to use the new language to explore key issues in philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language and metaphysics.

scholarly journals Effortless Expressions: Dōgen’s Non-Thinking about ‘Words and Letters’

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Joe Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
General Question ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
Wu Wei ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Reflections

What is the relationship between Zen experience and language? Is Zen awakening/enlightenment ineffable? In this article, I will address this general question by providing a panoramic treatment of Dōgen’s (道元) philosophy of language which Hee-Jin Kim characterizes as “realizational”. Building on the research of Kim, Victor Sōgen Hori and Dale S. Wright, I maintain that the idea of ineffable experiences in Dōgen’s Zen is embedded within language, not transcendent from it. My focus begins by reviewing Dōgen’s critical reflections on the idea of ineffability in Zen, and then proceeds to make sense of such in the context of zazen, and the practice of non-thinking, hi-shiryo (非思量). Based upon this inquiry, I then move into an examination of how Dōgen’s “realizational” philosophy of language, in the context of non-thinking, conditions a ‘practice of words and letters’ that is effortless, vis-à-vis non-action, wu-wei (無為). From there we shall then inquire into Dōgen’s use of kōan for developing his “realizational” perspective. In doing such, I shall orient my treatment around Hori’s research into kōan (公案), specifically the logic of nonduality. This inquiry shall in turn provide a clearing for highlighting the non-anthropocentric perspectivism that is salient to Dōgen’s “realizational” philosophy of language. Finally, I bring closure to this inquiry by showing how Dōgen’s “realizational” perspective of language sets the stage for expressing a range of value judgments and normative prescriptions, both on and off the cushion, despite his commitment to the philosophy of emptiness, śūnyatā, whereby all things, including good and evil, lack an inherent self essence, svabhāva.

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