scholarly journals Extended-Spectrum Β-Lactamases in E. coli Isolates From Hospitalized Patients: A Single-Center Snapshot From Croatia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. s71-s72
Author(s):  
Tomislav Mestrovic ◽  
Branka Bedenic ◽  
Maja Tomic-Paradzik ◽  
Domagoj Drenjancevic
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
Phenotypic Tests

Background: A significant increasing trend in the prevalence of Escherichia coli strains that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) has been observed in recent years, both in the community setting and in the healthcare arena. We aimed to provide a snapshot of the current situation with E. coli β-lactamase–producing strains in a single general hospital by appraising their β-lactamase content and plasmid types, which will inform further clinical and research efforts. Methods: Our study population consisted of all hospitalized patients in different clinical units of the General Hospital in Slavonski Brod during a 1-year period: internal medicine, infectious disease, surgery, urology and ICU. Phenotypic tests for the detection of ESBLs and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases were initially pursued, followed by the molecular detection (polymerase chain reaction, PCR) of resistance genes using primers for blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV. PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT) was conducted to type resistance plasmids carrying ESBL genes. Results: During the study period, 30 E. coli isolates with reduced susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins (ie, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone) were detected in hospitalized patients. These isolates stemmed from blood culture (66.7%), wound swabs (13.3%), urine (13.3%), and drainage content (6.7%). Alongside complete resistance to β-lactam antimicrobial agents, they were also characterized by high resistance to gentamicin (93.3%) and ciprofloxacin (96.7%), whereas 23.3% of isolates were also resistant to ertapenem. Most isolates harbored both blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes concurrently (46.7%), while solitary blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes were found in 33.3% and 20% of these isolates, respectively. The presence of SHV β-lactamases was not found in any of the isolates. PBRT revealed a wide array of diverse plasmid groups, with most of the isolates harboring different combinations; however, 80% of isolates were characterized by plasmid incompatibility group B/O (IncB/O). Conclusions: We detected increased frequency of both TEM and CTX-M type β-lactamases in E. coli isolates from a single-hospital setting, with significant consequences for further treatment approaches. The high prevalence of broad- and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers tends to prompt an increased carbapenem use (potentially resulting in increased resistance to carbapenems); thus, this type of analytical work should become a standard approach (where possible) in hospital centers in our country and worldwide.Funding: NoDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Meningitis and Cerebral Abscess in a Neonate: Therapeutic Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Surasak Puvabanditsin ◽  
Marianne Jacob ◽  
Maaz Jalil ◽  
Samhita Bhattarai ◽  
Qaiser Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Cerebral Abscess ◽  
Term Neonate ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Therapeutic Challenge ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

We report a case of a 12-day-old term neonate with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) meningitis and cerebral abscess. The patient received a 7-day course of antibiotics just few days prior to the infection. The incidence of infections from ESBL-producing E. coli is increasingly emerging. Antimicrobial agents must be vigilantly utilized to prevent the new highly resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Isolation Of Extended-Spectrum B-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumiae From Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinatul Hayati ◽  
Syamsul Rizal ◽  
Ridhia Putri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Infection that occurs in Indonesia has increased more significantly than before, compared to the increasing bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) as the cause of infection. A study conducted in 5 hospitals in Indonesia in 2013 showed that the prevalence rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria reached 32-68%. The objective of this study is to detect the prevalence and resistence pattern of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh. This study was conducted from 1 September 2016 to 31 December 2016. Specimen types included in this study were blood, sputum, urine, pus, mucosal swab, and another body fluids sample. The sampling method in this study was total sampling that is all clinical specimen examined in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Isolation and identification ESBL-producing bacteria was performed by VITEK-2 machine (Biomerieux). The result of this study is that a total 122 E. coli and K. pneumoniae were isolated. That consisted of 48 (39%) E. coli isolates and 74 (61%) K. pneumoniae isolates. From 48 E. coli isolates it was found out that 41 (85%) had ESBL phenotypes and from 74 K. pneumoniae isolates it was found out that 59 (80%) had ESBL phenotypes. In total, 100 (82%) isolates from 122 isolates had ESBL phenotypes. Distribution of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae based on sample was 24 (89%) isolates from the total of 27 urine isolates, 18 (95%) isolates from the total of 19 blood isolates, 28 (78%) isolates from the total of 36 sputum isolates, and 30 (75%) isolates from the total of 40 pus isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates had high sensitivity to amycasin dan meropenem which was above 89%. Meanwhile, it also had sensitivity to Fosfomycin and Piperacyclin-Tazobactam by 80% and 77% respectively. Another antibiotic was less effective

scholarly journals Characterization and Comparative Genomics Analysis of lncFII Multi-Resistance Plasmids Carrying blaCTX–M and Type1 Integrons From Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Enbao Zhang ◽  
Jinzhi Zhou ◽  
Ze He ◽  
Yuqiao Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Poultry Breeding ◽  
Resistance Plasmids

This research aimed to investigate the presence and transferability of the extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance genes to identify the genetic context of multi-drug resistant (MDR) loci in two Escherichia coli plasmids from livestock and poultry breeding environment. MICs were determined by broth microdilution. A total of 137 E. coli resistant to extended-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics were screened for the presence of the ESBL genes by PCR. Only two E. coli out of 206 strains produced carbapenemases, including strain 11011 that produced enzyme A, and strain 417957 that produced enzyme B. The genes were blaKPC and blaNDM, respectively. The plasmids containing blaCTX–M were conjugatable, and the plasmids containing carbapenem resistance gene were not conjugatable. Six extended-spectrum β-lactamase resistance genes were detected in this research, including blaTEM, blaCTX–M, blaSHV, blaOAX–1, blaKPC, and blaNDM, and the detection rates were 94.89% (130/137), 92.7% (127/137), 24.81% (34/137), 20.43% (28/137), 0.72% (1/137), and 0.72% (1/137), respectively. Two conjugative lncFII multi-resistance plasmids carrying blaCTX–M, p11011-fosA and p417957-CTXM, were sequenced and analyzed. Both conjugative plasmids were larger than 100 kb and contained three accessory modules, including MDR region. The MDR region of the two plasmids contained many antibiotic resistance genes, including blaCTX–M, mph (A), dfrA17, aadA5, sul1, etc. After transfer, both the transconjugants displayed elevated MICs of the respective antimicrobial agents. A large number of resistance genes clusters in specific regions may contribute to the MDR profile of the strains. The presence of mobile genetic elements at the boundaries can possibly facilitate transfer among Enterobacteriaceae through inter-replicon gene transfer. Our study provides beta-lactam resistance profile of bacteria, reveals the prevalence of β-lactamase resistance genes in livestock and poultry breeding environment in Zhejiang Province, and enriches the research on IncFII plasmids containing blaCTX–M.

scholarly journals Research of Associated Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated in Senegal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngom B ◽  
◽  
Wade SF ◽  
Diop TA ◽  
Diagne R ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sick People ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

Introduction: Some strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae produce Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) may be responsible for various infections such as urinary infections. These Sick people are treated in the very serious cases by association antibiotics to class to betalactamins, aminosids and quinolons. But proliferation of multi-drug resistant strains involves decreasing therapeutic success. That’s why epidemiological study must be done in all laboratories of bacteriology. Purpose: The aim of the study was to research the resistance phenotypes of our E. coli and K. pneumoniae ESBL strains compared to others families of antibiotics. Material and methods: Thirty two (32) Extended Spectrum betalactamases E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains isolated from either hospitalized patients or sick people who came for consultation were studied. Susceptibility to antimicrobial agents was determined using an antibiotic disk (Bio-Rad) diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar (Bio-Rad). The results were interpreted according to the Standards of the French Antibiogram Committee (CA-SFM). Results: The study showed that most of these strains were multi-drug resistant. They were resistant to many beta-lactamines antibiotics. E. coli strains were also resistant at 70,34% to aminosids, at 96,72% to quinolons, at 58,3% to cotrimoxazol, at 26,1% to chloramphénicol and at 21,4% to colistin ; about K. pneumoniae, they were resistant at 72,6% to aminosids, at 88,95% to quinolons, at 86,7% to cotrimoxazol, at 44,4% to chloramphénicol and at 25% to colistin. But all these strains were sensitive at 100% to l’imipenem.

scholarly journals Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in hospital and community settings in Chad

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumar Ouchar Mahamat ◽  
Abdelsalam Tidjani ◽  
Manon Lounnas ◽  
Mallorie Hide ◽  
Julio Benavides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fecal Carriage ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Abstract Background Fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) remains poorly documented in Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL-PE fecal carriage in Chad. Methods In total, 200 fresh stool samples were collected from 100 healthy community volunteers and 100 hospitalized patients from January to March 2017. After screening using ESBL-selective agar plates and species identification by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method, and ESBL production confirmed with the double-disc synergy test. The different ESBL genes in potential ESBL-producing isolates were detected by PCR and double stranded DNA sequencing. Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups were determined using a PCR-based method. Results ESBL-PE fecal carriage prevalence was 44.5% (51% among hospitalized patients vs 38% among healthy volunteers; p < 0.05). ESBL-producing isolates were mostly Escherichia coli (64/89) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16/89). PCR and sequencing showed that 98.8% (87/89) of ESBL-PE harbored blaCTX-M genes: blaCTX-M-15 in 94.25% (82/87) and blaCTX-M-14 in 5.75% (5/87). Phylogroup determination by quadruplex PCR indicated that ESBL-producing E. coli isolates belonged to group A (n = 17; 27%), C (n = 17; 27%), B2 (n = 9; 14%), B1 (n = 8; 13%), D (n = 8; 13%), E (n = 1; 1.6%), and F (n = 1; 1.6%). The ST131 clone was identified in 100% (9/9) of E. coli B2 strains. Conclusions The high fecal carriage rate of ESBL-PE associated with CTX-M-15 in hospital and community settings of Chad highlights the risk for resistance transmission between non-pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals Diversity of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and Class C β-Lactamases among Cloacal Escherichia coli Isolates in Belgian Broiler Farms

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1238-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemieke Smet ◽  
An Martel ◽  
Davy Persoons ◽  
Jeroen Dewulf ◽  
Marc Heyndrickx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Class C ◽  
Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic Pcr

ABSTRACT A total of 295 ceftiofur-resistant Escherichia coli isolates were obtained from 489 cloacal samples collected at five different Belgian broiler farms with the aim to evaluate the diversity of this resistance at the farm level. Strains were examined for resistance against β-lactam antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents by using disk diffusion tests. Three different β-lactam resistance phenotypes suggested the presence of an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), a class C β-lactamase, or the combination of an ESBL with a class C β-lactamase. Seventy-six percent of these isolates also showed acquired resistance to other antimicrobial agents. After genotyping by repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR, 51 unrelated E. coli strains were selected for further analyses. Isoelectric focusing and sequencing of the amplicons obtained in PCRs for the detection of genes encoding broad-spectrum β-lactamase enzymes revealed the following ESBLs: TEM-52 (13.2%), TEM-106 (2%), CTX-M-1 (27.4%), CTX-M-2 (7.8%), CTX-M-14 (5.9%), and CTX-M-15 (2%). The only plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase found in this study was the CMY-2 enzyme (49%). Mutations in the promoter and attenuator regions of the chromosomal ampC gene were found only in association with bla CMY-2 genes and ESBL genes. The combination of an ESBL (CTX-M-1) with a plasmidic AmpC β-lactamase (CMY-2) was found in 7.8% of the isolates. These data show that ceftiofur-resistant E. coli strains are often present in cloacal samples of broilers at the farm level in Belgium. The diversity of broad-spectrum β-lactamases among these isolates is high, and they may act as a reservoir of ESBL and ampC genes.

scholarly journals Molecular characterisation of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from poultry and poultry products in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
N. M. Kamel ◽  
E. M. Farghaly ◽  
H. M. Shawky ◽  
A. Samir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Gene ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli and salmonellae have spread rapidly worldwide and pose a serious threat to human and animal health. The present study was conduct-ed to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing E.coli and salmonellae, to perform molecular characterisation of the ESBL-related bla genes, including blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX, and the sus-ceptibilities of these bacteria to various antimicrobial agents. From a total of 300 poultry samples, 25 and 20 samples were recognised as Salmonella and E. coli, respectively by microbiological and molecular methods. All E. coli and Salmonella isolates were positive for an ESBL phenotype. Mo-lecular detection for antibiotic resistance gene revealed blaTEM in all isolates of salmonellae and E. coli (100%), while blaSHV was detected in 5 (20%) and 2 (10%) of salmonellae and E. coli isolates, respectively. None of the isolates contained blaCTX gene. Serotyping of Salmonella spp. in chick-ens revealed that S. enteritidis was the major isolates followed by S. Infantis (21.4%), S. Kentucky (14.2%) and S. Typhimurium, S. Kapemba, S. Newport, S. Vejle and S. Magherafelt were detected at 7.1% respectively. S. Infantis was the major isolate detected in chicks (60%), while in ducks S. Typhimurium and S. Blegdam were identified. In ducklings, S. Sinchew, S. Infantis and S. Sekon-di were equally prevalent. Only S. Newmexico was identified in poultry products. E. coli in chick-en were serotyped into O1, O8, O29, O125, O128 and O157. In chicks, O29 and O126 serotypes were detected. In poultry products only O8 was detected. The results indicate that ESBL frequen-cy has reached an alarming level in poultry isolates in Egypt, with TEM enzymes being the pre-dominant β-lactamases detected.

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