Successfully scaled solutions need not be homogenous

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
DILIP SOMAN ◽  
TANJIM HOSSAIN
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Research Finding ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Policy Relevance ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Multiple Interventions

AbstractAl-Ubaydli et al. point out that many research findings experience a reduction in magnitude of treatment effects when scaled, and they make a number of proposals to improve the scalability of pilot project findings. While we agree that scalability is important for policy relevance, we argue that non-scalability does not always render a research finding useless in practice. Three practices ensuring (1) that the intervention is appropriate for the context; (2) that heterogeneity in treatment effects are understood; and (3) that the temptation to try multiple interventions simultaneously is avoided can allow us to customize successful policy prescriptions to specific real-world settings.

Views of the Child Reports: The Ontario Pilot Project Research Findings and Recommendations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Birnbaum ◽  
Nicholas C. Bala
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Project ◽  
Child Reports ◽  
Research Findings

A Post-Pandemic Strategy to Support Lifelong and Work-Integrated Learning

2022 ◽  
pp. 203-219
Author(s):  
Peter Mozelius
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Real World ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Pedagogical Aspect ◽  
Work Integrated Learning ◽  
User Friendly

Lifelong work-integrated learning is a key challenge in the growing knowledge society, with the Corona pandemic as a catalyst for technology enhancement. This chapter argues for the need of a post-pandemic strategy that rethinks not only the pedagogical aspect but also the technology enhanced and collaborative aspects of lifelong and work-integrated learning. The strategy that is presented in this chapter is based on the author's experience from the BUFFL initiative, a pilot project for industry development at banks and insurance companies through technology-enhanced lifelong learning. The recommendation is a strategy tailored for the target group that supports the work-integrated learning aim of academia providing useful theories for real-world tasks in the industry. Some important components in the strategy are 1) to extend pedagogy with andragogy and heutagogy, 2) the design of user-friendly hybrid environments, and 3) blended communities of practice.

Treatment Effects of Bisphosphonates and Denosumab on Survival and Refracture from Real-World Data of Hip-Fractured Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Behanova ◽  
Berthold Reichardt ◽  
Tanja A. Stamm ◽  
Jochen Zwerina ◽  
Klaus Klaushofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
World Data

scholarly journals EP1.11-22 Incorporating Genetic Counseling into the Thoracic Oncology Unit: A Pilot Project in the Real World

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. S1015
Author(s):  
G. Pacheco Cuéllar ◽  
K. Campos-Gomez ◽  
J.J. Valdéz-Andrade ◽  
S. Campos-Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Real World ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
The Real ◽  
Oncology Unit

How tall is your claim? Strategically acing patent scope

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mayuree Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Patent Grant ◽  
Patent Scope ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The article examines strategically directing the breadth of scope of a patent and hazards of litigation vis-à-vis the length of claims for innovating firms. Design/methodology/approach This paper enumerates latest literature on assessing patent scope and hence protection afforded to firm innovations. Based on prior research findings, this paper proposes to maintain a balanced and nuanced approach to claim drafting to assure grant of patent while minimizing litigation threats. Findings To strategically manage patent grant and minimize litigation threat, firms would better take a leaf out of academic discourse and streamline claim drafting – not too wide to earn an examiner’s ire and not too narrow to let an infringer bypass by. Unlike smaller firms or universities, big firms are less likely to renew a patent with less scope. Research limitations/implications The study sample in contemporary literature is exclusive to patents from US Patent and Trademark Office. Whether the same result will be replicated for diverse countries is uncertain. Practical implications The understanding that patent scope not only influences grant chances but also is an indicator of future litigation threat can help patent practitioners and innovating firms in strategically directing the patent. Originality/value The paper draws from the findings of three well-articulated recent research papers. The paper’s originality and value is in providing practical insights on how to perfect patent scope in a real world based on academic discourse.

scholarly journals THE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ANXIETY ON THE YOUTUBE VIDEO PROJECT IN EFL LEARNING IN INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Angela Bayu Pertama Sari ◽  
Dwi Iswahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Oral Presentation ◽  
Research Finding ◽  
Speaking Anxiety ◽  
Negative Judgment ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
English Students ◽  
Video Project ◽  
Efl Learning

This research aimed to portray the occurrence of anxiety in the YouTube video project conducted by non-English students. It was descriptive-qualitative research. One hundred twenty-four students participated in this research. The research findings showed that 65 students felt the anxiety, and 59 were not anxious in doing the YouTube video project. There was a slight difference between those two findings. Some factors influenced the students’ anxiety, namely students’ low personal perception, peers’ negative judgment, and quite intimidating learning environment. While the factors that support the absence of anxiety were students’ positive own perception and fun-less intimidating and encouraging learning environment. However, the research finding highlighted that YouTube video project was the preferable media that was based on the 104 students’ responses claiming that they prefer doing YouTube video project than other speaking activities such as storytelling, oral presentation, and speech.  

scholarly journals Framed! The Failure of Traditional Agency Cost Explanations for Executive Pay Practices

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce C. Tingle
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Executive Compensation ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Real World ◽  
Agency Cost ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Executive Pay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Findings

This is the second article in a series exploring the empirical evidence arising from the increasing use of certain executive compensation best practices. The first article, “How Good Are Our ‘Best Practices’ When It Comes to Executive Compensation?” summarizes research findings that these best practices are responsible for most of the growth in executive compensation, and lead to suboptimal corporate performance. It also suggests that the best practices currently in widespread use contradict practices that are often very helpful to directors in setting appropriate incentives in real world circumstances.This article goes on to argue that failures in executive compensation are the result, not of overly powerful CEOs confronting supine boards, but rather of directors and management earnestly striving to follow bad “best practices” promulgated by the corporate governance industry. This can be seen in: (1) the pattern of cause and effect distinguishable in the history of changing North American and British pay practices; (2) the link between these questionable pay practices and various measures of board independence and managerial weakness; and (3) the increasing use of these pay practices in circumstances of increased shareholder power. The most obvious solution is to increase board autonomy in setting pay. Regulatory steps for doing so lay close at hand, and in some cases have been discussed for years.

scholarly journals Comparing Findings From a Friends of Cancer Research Exploratory Analysis of Real-World End Points With the Cancer Analysis System in England

2021 ◽  
pp. 1155-1168
Author(s):  
Pia Horvat ◽  
Christen M. Gray ◽  
Alexandrina Lambova ◽  
Jennifer B. Christian ◽  
Laura Lasiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Real World ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Patient Privacy ◽  
Data Set ◽  
End Points ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Cas A

PURPOSE This study compared real-world end points extracted from the Cancer Analysis System (CAS), a national cancer registry with linkage to national mortality and other health care databases in England, with those from diverse US oncology data sources, including electronic health care records, insurance claims, unstructured medical charts, or a combination, that participated in the Friends of Cancer Research Real-World Evidence Pilot Project 1.0. Consistency between data sets and between real-world overall survival (rwOS) was assessed in patients with immunotherapy-treated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with aNSCLC, diagnosed between January 2013 and December 2017, who initiated treatment with approved programmed death ligand-1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitors until March 2018 were included. Real-world end points, including rwOS and real-world time to treatment discontinuation (rwTTD), were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. A synthetic data set, Simulacrum, on the basis of conditional random sampling of the CAS data was used to develop and refine analysis scripts while protecting patient privacy. RESULTS Characteristics (age, sex, and histology) of the 2,035 patients with immunotherapy-treated aNSCLC included in the CAS study were broadly comparable with US data sets. In CAS, a higher proportion (46.7%) of patients received a PD-(L)1 inhibitor in the first line than in US data sets (18%-30%). Median rwOS (11.4 months; 95% CI, 10.4 to 12.7) and rwTTD (4.9 months; 95% CI, 4.7 to 5.1) were within the range of US-based data sets (rwOS, 8.6-13.5 months; rwTTD, 3.2-7.0 months). CONCLUSION The CAS findings were consistent with those from US-based oncology data sets. Such consistency is important for regulatory decision making. Differences observed between data sets may be explained by variation in health care settings, such as the timing of PD-(L)1 approval and reimbursement, and data capture.

scholarly journals Adapted motivational interviewing for brief healthcare consultations: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment fidelity in real-world evaluations of behaviour change counselling

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e028417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison K Beck ◽  
Erin Forbes ◽  
Amanda L Baker ◽  
Ben Britton ◽  
Christopher Oldmeadow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Real World ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Complex Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Change Counselling ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionTreatment fidelity is an important and often neglected component of complex behaviour change research. It is central to understanding treatment effects, especially for evaluations conducted outside of highly controlled research settings. Ensuring that promising interventions can be delivered adequately (ie, with fidelity) by real-world clinicians within real-world settings is an essential step in developing interventions that are both effective and ‘implementable’. Whether this is the case for behaviour change counselling, a complex intervention developed specifically for maximising the effectiveness of real-world consultations about health behaviour change, remains unclear. To improve our understanding of treatment effects, best practice guidelines recommend the use of strategies to enhance, monitor and evaluate what clinicians deliver during patient consultations. There has yet to be a systematic evaluation of whether and how these recommendations have been employed within evaluations of behaviour change counselling, nor the impact on patient health behaviour and/or outcome. We seek to address this gap.Methods and analysisMethods are informed by published guidelines. Ten electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL Complete, ScienceDirect, Taylor and Francis; Wiley, ProQuest and Open Grey) will be searched for published and unpublished articles that evaluate behaviour change counselling within real-world clinical settings (randomised and non-randomised). Eligible papers will be rated against the National Institute of Health fidelity framework. A synthesis, evaluation and critical overview of fidelity practices will be reported and linear regression used to explore change across time. Random-effect meta-regression is planned to explore whether fidelity (outcomes reported and methods used) is associated with the impact of behaviour change counselling. Standardised effect sizes will be calculated using Hedges’ g (continuous outcomes) and ORs (binary/dichotomous outcomes).Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are foreseen. Findings will be disseminated via journal publication and conference presentation(s).PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019131169

Practice-Based Research Networks and the Mandate for Real-World Evidence

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 219-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hall-Lipsy ◽  
Leila Barraza ◽  
Christopher Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Research Networks ◽  
Real World Evidence ◽  
Academic Hospitals ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Primary Care Clinicians

The 21st Century Cures Act encourages the Food and Drug Administration to consider “real-world evidence” in its regulation of the safety and efficacy of drugs and devices. Many have interpreted this mandate to focus on non-randomized observational research. However, we suggest that regulatory science must also move from rarefied academic hospitals to community-based settings, where the vast majority of patients in fact receive care in the fragmented U.S. healthcare system. This move is especially important if innovations are to reach, and be validated in, more diverse populations. A solution can be found in the 183 Practiced-Based Research Networks (“PBRN”), i.e., groups of primary care clinicians and practices in all 50 states working to improve clinical care and translate research findings into practice. This symposium contribution seeks to (1) describe some of the common shortcomings of clinical trials, (2) explore the opportunities and challenges posed by use of real-world evidence as a basis for drug and device regulation, (3) briefly describe the history and evolution of PBRNs, and (4) articulate the challenges and opportunities for using PBRNs to fulfill the 21st Century Cures Act mandate for real-world evidence.

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