Coming in from the Cold: Canada’s National Housing Strategy, Homelessness, and the Right to Housing in a Transnational Perspective

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
David DesBaillets ◽  
Sarah E. Hamill
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Homelessness ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
National Housing

Abstract Canada’s National Housing Strategy (NHS) commits the government to eliminating chronic homelessness and promises that realizing the right to housing is a key objective. In this article, we explore how the Canadian government could realize the right to housing in the context of eliminating chronic homelessness. We argue that it is helpful to look at how other jurisdictions have successfully reduced homelessness. In this article we examine Finland and Scotland’s approaches because they offer certain similarities in how homelessness is addressed, yet they also differ, most crucially in how they understand the right to housing. We argue that both of these jurisdictions offer important lessons for Canada to draw on as it seeks to reduce long-term homelessness.

scholarly journals Agricultural Land Conversion and the Influence of the Food Supply Chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5518-5525
Author(s):  
M Chairul Basrun Umanailo Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Trade Center ◽  
The Government ◽  
Productive Land ◽  
The Right

The phenomenon of changing the function of agricultural land in Namlea District becomes a problem when the amount of productive land decreases and has an impact on the availability of land for agricultural production and affects the supply chain of agricultural products to the community. The research was conducted to describe the conversion of agricultural land and its utilization in the Namlea subdistrict. The research site focuses on Namlea District Buru Regency with consideration of the availability of the number of agricultural lands that are less than other districts in the Buru Regency. The number of informants interviewed as many as 40 people consisting of landowners, farmers, business owners, and village apparatus. Analytical techniques used to follow the concept of Miles and Huberman where activities in the analysis of qualitative data are conducted interactively and continuously to find saturation in the data processing. The results showed that the reduction of farmland in Namlea district was due to the conversion of land for various activities including housing and development of the Trade Center. Besides, the use of converted land is caused by the system of personal ownership that is secured by the Government through the right to building or proprietary rights but has not fully set the long-term oriented land utilization pattern.  

Using Market-Based Tools to Protect and Improve Water Quality in Kentucky

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuyang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Market Incentives ◽  
Undue Burden ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Improve Water Quality ◽  
The Government ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

Market-based tools are first suggested in the 1960s considering how society could achieve long-term reductions in pollution without causing an undue burden on the economy. Instead of the government imposes controls (i.e., limiting the right to pollute), market incentives governed by economic principles could be used to guide individual players’ behavior. One of the strategies is to let polluters reallocate the pollution they generate among themselves, or in other words, they decide who actually does the pollution abatement. Those with high costs pollute more (abate less) and those with low costs pollute less (abate more). This type of reallocating through trading could save large amounts of money.

scholarly journals Ban on electronic cigarettes in Brazil: a policy in favor of human rights

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A C A Maia ◽  
D C Fabriz ◽  
T A Motta ◽  
V F Zanotelli ◽  
B Zamprogno
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Studies

Abstract This research aims to study the prohibition of electronic cigarettes' commerce in Brazil and to demonstrate its relevance in the realization of freedom and health, especially considering the impact of these devices worldwide. Also known as Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (Ends) and e-cigarettes it is a type of product designed to deliver nicotine, derived from tobacco leaf, in the form of an aerosol, some of which are also sold without nicotine. It is necessary to analyze, using rhetoric as method, as well as the science of statistics, the conflicting principles of freedom and life involved in the citizen's right to choose and public health, to answer the question: Is a complete ban on e-cigs the correct policy from the government? The commercialization, importation and advertising of electronic cigarettes was prohibited by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) in 2009, thus banning, at least legally, access to the devices inside the country. Despite this prohibition, the trade in vaporizers and their fluids, which contains nicotine, is easily achieved on the internet, informally. It must be noted that, even considering the benefits of vaping for chronic smokers, there is the concern of secondhand smokers and the upsurge of young people taking on vaping to consider. The conclusion is that, although both individual freedom and health are constitutional rights, in this conflict between them, the suppression of individual freedom is needed, since health is a public concern, and it stands to reason that, even considering the lesser impact vaping has on people, compared to combustion cigarettes, there are two factors in play: First, nobody has the right to expose people to any chance of ill effects, negating the argument of reduced risks when compared to cigarettes. Secondly, there are no long-term studies to support the claims of safety in this practice. The ban, therefore, represents public health and respect regarding Human Rights. Key messages The conflict between individual freedom and health must prevent, in this situation, the possibility of affecting the health of new generations and nonsmokers. There are no long-term studies proving the safety of electronic cigarettes, therefore the law banning the product is a preventive act in the name of public health.

scholarly journals Covid-19 Maneuver on Socio-economic: Exploitation Using Correlation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-162
Author(s):  
Juliansyah Roy ◽  
Zamruddin Hasid ◽  
Diana Lestari ◽  
Dio Caisar Darma ◽  
Erwin Kurniawan A
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effects ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
Unemployment And Crime ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
Positive Effect

Apart from the health aspect, Covid-19 has also had socio-economic effects from the fragile balance of development that has designed so far. Instantly, humans experience suffering that is difficult to predict when it will stop. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the fragility of the socio-economic order because of Covid-19. These two motifs are the basic essence of human beings, especially the population in Indonesia. A two-way correlation applied to the IBM SPSS to predict the effect of Covid-19 on poverty, natality, minimum wages, divorce, GRDP per capita, unemployment, and crime over two periods. The database is as cross-section covering ten areas in East Kalimantan Province. We found the importance of the correlation parameter in this study that it turns out that Covid-19 closely related to the minimum wage, unemployment, and crime. Because Covid-19 has a positive effect on these three variables and the probability has met the criteria, this is also the right instrument for the government in determining special strategies. The implications of the research are to contribute to long-term management in disaster mitigation planning.

scholarly journals Boko Haram Terrorism and a Threat to Right to Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Ayobami Samson Joshua
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
The North ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
North And South

The government shall direct its policy towards giving to the citizens equal and adequate educational opportunities at all levels. Although, not classified as a fundamental right, this constitutional prescription remains at the forefront of the basic objectives of the Nigerian government; yet, despite this laudable objective, the Northern region of Nigeria has a consistent record of low enrolment rate of indigenous pupils in schools, thereby creating a noticeable disparity between the North and South of Nigeria in terms of education. It is against this background that this paper discusses the evolution, incidences and enabling circumstances of Boko Haram terrorism in Nigeria and its effects on education, particularly in the areas affected. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the long term consequences of the Boko Haram terrorism on the right to education, as guaranteed by the 1999 constitution, in the affected areas of Nigeria. The paper traces the origin and factors that aided the Boko Haram terrorism. It also considers the extent of the effectiveness of the response of the Nigerian government in tackling the problem. The findings prove that, although the response of the government has been active, yet it has not been effective in curtailing the terrorist activities. This has negatively impacted on education in the affected areas of the Northern Nigeria. The paper suggested measures to address the problem.

scholarly journals Land Conversion in Namlea District

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
PSPM UNIQBU
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Trade Center ◽  
The Government ◽  
Productive Land ◽  
The Right

The phenomenon of agricultural land conversion in Namlea subdistrict becomes a problem when the number of productive land is increasingly reduced and affects land availability for agricultural production. Research was conducted to describe the conversion of agricultural land and its utilization in Namlea subdistrict. The research site focuses on Namlea District Buru Regency with consideration of the availability of the number of agricultural land that is less than other districts in Buru Regency. The number of informant interviewed as many as 40 people consisting of land owners, farmers, business owners and village apparatus. Analytical techniques used to follow the concept of Miles and Huberman where activities in the analysis of qualitative data are conducted interactively and continuously to find saturation in data processing. The results showed that the reduction of farmland in Namlea district was due to the conversion of land for various activities including housing and development of the Trade Center. In addition, the use of converted land is caused by the system of personal ownership that is secured by the Government through the right to building or proprietary rights but has not fully set the long-term oriented land utilization pattern.

scholarly journals SECURITY OF TENURE AT THE CROSSROAD OF CONFLICTING INTERESTS: THE BRUSSON FINANCE (PTY) LTD SAGA

Obiter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Tchawouo Mbiada
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
The State ◽  
Housing Assistance ◽  
Emergency Housing ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Government ◽  
South African Constitution ◽  
The Right ◽  
National Housing

Section 26 of the South African Constitution of 1996 makes provision for the right to have access to adequate housing (right to housing) for everyone. The section further enjoins the State to devise measures within the availability of its resources, to progressively realise this right. This has led to the adoption/enactment and implementation of a number of statutes and policies such as the Housing Act (107 of 1997), the Breaking New Ground of 2004, the Upgrading of Informal Settlement Programme of 2004, the National Housing Programme for Housing Assistance in Emergency Housing Circumstances of 2004, the National Housing Code of 2009 and the Outcome 8 Delivery Agreements: Sustainable Human Settlements and Improved Quality of Household Life of 2010. In passing, adopting and implementing these statutes and policies, the Government is discharging its obligations under section 26 of the Constitution to provide housing to all citizens. However, the effort of the state to fulfil its constitutional mandate to realize the right to housing is under severe threat following the Brusson Finance (Pty) Ltd matter which I refer to as “saga” (hereinafter “Brusson”). The Brusson saga refers to a number of people who were fraudulently deprived of their property (used a guarantee) as a result of a well-orchestrated scam offering credit facilities to those with bad credit records who could no longer receive credit facilities from financial institutions. As a result of such fraudulent deprivation of their property, two of the victims launched proceedings to recover their property. That case and the subsequent one analysed below, are used only to illustrate the Brusson mechanism and difficulties encountered by victims to get back their property. Furthermore, there are other decided cases. Some other cases are likely to be lodged, all in connection with Brusson, hence the word “saga”. These cases serve only as a point of departure for this note, and comments made thereto go beyond the scope of the judgments. These comments are extended to the Brusson scheme in general and should not in any way, be constrained or limited to the findings of the court. In other words, the comments are not against the findings of the courts. The Brusson saga resuscitates the debate of the horizontal application of the Bill of Rights to private disputes when a violation of a constitutional right may be invoked by either party. This necessitates the granting of remedies other than those provided for by the relevant statutes when such remedies would not suffice to satisfactory remedies to all the parties. Unless such remedies are granted to salvage the situation, many beneficiaries from the Brusson scam will be left homeless (if not already) in the near future, thereby curtailing Government effort to provide security of tenure and reduce homelessness countrywide. In order to understand the difficulties and complexities encountered by all parties (court, liquidators and the National Credit Regulator) to transfer properties back to the original home owners, I provide an in-depth mechanism of the Brusson’s scheme.

scholarly journals UPAYA PEMERINTAH DALAM MENANGANI BENCANA ALAM TANAH LONGSOR Studi Kasus di Desa Cihanjuang Kecamatan Cimanggung Kabupaten Sumedang

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Dinda Farras Haniya
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Right ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Steep Slopes ◽  
Landslide Disaster

Indonesia is famous for its areas that are prone to landslides. For example, in Cihanjuang Village, Cimanggung District, Sumedang Regency, which in early 2021 had experienced a serious landslide disaster. This landslide phenomenon requires an in-depth study so that the arrangement and management is carried out appropriately, where the role of the government here is very large to be able to take the right policy on this problem. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to determine the cause of the landslide disaster and to identify and analyze the government's efforts in dealing with the landslide disaster. This paper uses descriptive qualitative research methods using data derived from secondary data. Based on the results, it was found that the landslide that occurred in Cihanjuang Village was caused by high rainfall, steep slopes, poor drainage system and lack of vegetation. However, the government already has several efforts to be undertaken, including long-term, short-term post-disaster and mitigation. Based on the analysis that has been made, the recommendations for this problem are increasing awareness and socialization for the community, increasing mitigation and monitoring the policy that have been made.

scholarly journals Land Conversion in Namlea District

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
PSPM UNIQBU
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Trade Center ◽  
The Government ◽  
Productive Land ◽  
The Right

The phenomenon of agricultural land conversion in Namlea subdistrict becomes a problem when the number of productive land is increasingly reduced and affects land availability for agricultural production. Research was conducted to describe the conversion of agricultural land and its utilization in Namlea subdistrict. The research site focuses on Namlea District Buru Regency with consideration of the availability of the number of agricultural land that is less than other districts in Buru Regency. The number of informant interviewed as many as 40 people consisting of land owners, farmers, business owners and village apparatus. Analytical techniques used to follow the concept of Miles and Huberman where activities in the analysis of qualitative data are conducted interactively and continuously to find saturation in data processing. The results showed that the reduction of farmland in Namlea district was due to the conversion of land for various activities including housing and development of the Trade Center. In addition, the use of converted land is caused by the system of personal ownership that is secured by the Government through the right to building or proprietary rights but has not fully set the long-term oriented land utilization pattern

scholarly journals Social networks, time homeless, and social support: A study of men on Skid Row

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAROLD D. GREEN ◽  
JOAN S. TUCKER ◽  
DANIELA GOLINELLI ◽  
SUZANNE L. WENZEL
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Skid Row ◽  
Chronic Homelessness ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Homeless Men ◽  
The Government

AbstractHomeless men are frequently unsheltered and isolated, disconnected from supportive organizations and individuals. However, little research has investigated these men's social networks. We investigate the structure and composition of homeless men's social networks, vis-a-vis short- and long-term homelessness with a sample of men drawn randomly from meal lines on Skid Row in Los Angeles. Men continuously homeless for the past six months display networks composed of riskier members when compared to men intermittently homeless during that time. Men who report chronic, long-term homelessness display greater social network fragmentation when compared to non-chronically homeless men. While intermittent homelessness affects network composition in ways that may be addressable with existing interventions, chronic homelessness fragments networks, which may be more difficult to address with those interventions. These findings have implications for access to social support from network members which, in turn, impacts the resources homeless men require from other sources such as the government or non-governmental organizations.

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